Multi-scale Modeling and Finite Element Analyses of Thermal Conductivity of 3D C/SiC Composites Fabricating by Flexible-Oriented Woven Process

Thermal conductivity is one of the most significant criterion of three-dimensional carbon fiber-reinforced SiC matrix composites(3D C/SiC).Represent volume element(RVE)models of microscale,void/matrix and mesoscale proposed in this work are used to simulate the thermal conductivity behaviors of the 3D C/SiC composites.An entirely new process is introduced to weave the preform with three-dimensional orthogonal architecture.The 3D steady-state analysis step is created for assessing the thermal conductivity behaviors of the composites by applying periodic temperature boundary conditions.Three RVE models of cuboid,hexagonal and fiber random distribution are respectively developed to comparatively study the influence of fiber package pattern on the thermal conductivities at the microscale.Besides,the effect of void morphology on the thermal conductivity of the matrix is analyzed by the void/matrix models.The prediction results at the mesoscale correspond closely to the experimental values.The effect of the porosities and fiber volume fractions on the thermal conductivities is also taken into consideration.The multi-scale models mentioned in this paper can be used to predict the thermal conductivity behaviors of other composites with complex structures.

Preparation of SiC_p/Al_2O_3-Al Composites by Directed Metal Oxidation

SiCp/Al2O3-Al composites were synthesized by means of direct metal oxidation method. The composition and microstructures of the composites were investigated using X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and metallurgical microscope. The effects of technical parameters on the properties of the product were analyzed. The results indicate that the composite possesses a dense microstructure, composed of three interpenetrated phases. Of them, SiO2 layer prohibits the powdering of the composites; Mg promotes the wetting and infiltration of the system and Si restricts the interfacial reaction while improving the wetting ability between reinforcement and matrix.

Identification of Growth Promoter to Fabrication SiCp/Al₂O₃Ceramic Matrix Composites Prepared by Directed Metal Oxidation of An Al Alloy

SiC particulates reinforced alumina matrix composites were fabricated using Directed Metal Oxidation (DIMOX) process. Continuous oxidation of an Al-Si-Mg-Zn alloy with different interlayers (dopents) as growth promoters, will encompasses the early heating of the alloy ingot, melting and continued heating to temperature in the narrow range of 950°C to 980°C in an atmosphere of oxygen. Varying interlayers (dopents) are incorporated to examine the growth conditions of the composite materials and to identification of suitable growth promoter. The process is extremely difficult because molten aluminum does not oxidize after prolonged duration at high temperatures due to the formation of a passivating oxide layer. It is known that the Lanxide Corporation had used a combination of dopents to cause the growth of alumina from molten metal. This growth was directed, i.e. the growth is allowed only in the required direction and restricted in the other directions. The react nature of the dopants was a trade secret. Though it is roughly known that Mg and Si in the Al melt can aid growth, additional dopents used, the temperatures at which the process was carried out, the experimental configurations that aided directed growth were not precisely known. In this paper we have evaluated the conditions in which composites can be grown in large enough sizes for evaluation application and have arrived at a procedure that enables the fabrication of large composite samples by determining the suitable growth promoter (dopant). Scanning electron microscopic, EDS analysis of the composite was found to contain a continuous network of Al2O3, which was predominantly free of grain-boundary phases, a continuous network of Al alloy. Fabrication of large enough samples was done only by the inventor company and the property measurements by the company were confirmed to those needed to enable immediate applications. Since there are a large number of variable affecting robust growth of the composite, fabrication large sized samples for measurements is a difficult task. In the present work, to identify a suitable window of parameters that enables robust growth of the composite has been attempted.

Tensile Properties of 3-Dimension-4-directional Braided C_f/Si C Composite based on Double-scale Model

The longitude tensile properties of 3-Dimension-4-directional（3D-4d） braided C/Si C composites（CMCs） were investigated with the help of a double scale model. This model involves micro-scale and unit-cell scale. In micro-scale, the tensile properties of fiber tows which involves matrix cracking, interfacial debonding, and fiber failure are studied. The unit-cell scale model can reflect the braided structure and simulate the tensile properties of 3D-4d CMCs by introducing the tensile properties of fiber tows into it. Quasi-static tensile tests of 3D-4d braided CMCs were performed on a PWS-100 test system. The predicted tensile stressstrain curve by the double scale model is in good agreement with that of the experimental results.

Elastic Modulus Prediction of Three-dimension-4 Directional Braided C_f/SiC Composite Based on Double-scale Model

Double-scale model for three-dimension-4 directional（3D-4d） braided C/SiC composites has been proposed to investigate its elastic properties. The double-scale model involves micro-scale that takes fiber/ matrix/porosity in fibers tows into consideration with unit cell which considers the 3D-4d braiding structure. Micro-optical photographs of composites have been taken to study the braided structure. Then a parameterized finite element model that reflects the structure of 3D-4d braided composites is proposed. Double-scale elastic modulus prediction model is developed to predict the elastic properties of 3D-4d braided C/SiC composites. Stiffness and eompliance-averaging method and energy method are adopted to predict the elastic properties of composites. Static-tension experiments have been conducted to investigate the elastic modulus of 3D-4d braided C/SiC composites. Finally, the effect of micro-porosity in fibers tows on the elastic modulus of 3D-4d braided C/SiC composites has been studied. According to the conclusion of this thesis, elastic modulus predicted by energy method and stiffness-averaging method both find good agreement with the experimental values, when taking the micro-porosity in fibers tows into consideration. Differences between the theoretical and experimental values become smaller.

SiC3D/Al复合材料高速列车制动盘紧急制动热流耦合有限元模拟

建立了带有散热筋和通风槽的具有三维网络碳化硅骨架增强铝基复合材料(SiC3D/Al)摩擦层的高速列车轴装制动盘温度场和流场计算模型。用温度-流场顺序耦合法对紧急制动初速380 km/h的高速列车制动盘进行热流分析,研究制动盘的瞬态温度场变化规律。结果表明:考虑气流散热时,SiC3D/Al复合材料制动盘能迅速将摩擦热传递到整个盘体,摩擦面最高温度527℃,摩擦表面温度场均匀,轴向温度梯度较小。制动盘的板状散热筋可增加制动盘的刚度,减少摩擦面翘曲,减少盘内气体紊流,对制动盘气流具有导向作用。通风槽可排除磨屑,降低摩擦面温度,保证制动盘有较高的摩擦力和稳定的摩擦系数。模拟计算值与全尺寸台架实验数据一致。

Fabrication, microstructure, friction and wear properties of SiC3D/Al brake disc-graphite/Si C pad tribo-couple for high-speed train

The friction and wear properties of interpenetrating phase composites(IPC) SiC3D/Al sliding against graphite/SiC(G/SiC) composites were investigated using a sub-scale brake dynamometer. The testing conditions included a braking pressure of 1.25 MPa and an initial braking speed(IBS) of 200-350 km/h in a braking process of high-speed train according to the scale-conversion rules. The tribo-couple materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffractometry(XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry(EDS). It is found that the matching tribo-couple features low friction surface temperature, reliable friction factor, and high durability. The continuous lubricating mechanically-mixed layer(MML) forms gradually on the worn surfaces of ring in the friction process. The MML is heterogeneous, which greatly controls wear rate and coefficient of friction(COF) of the composites. The wear mechanism of SiC3D/Al is typically abrasive wear at an IBS of 200-300 km/h. When the IBS increases to 350 km/h, oxidation wear and delamination are observed. The friction behavior of the tribo-couple predicted using Solidwork simulation software agrees well with the experimental results. The tribo-couple meets the requirement of emergency braking of high-speed train.

The Role of Ti in the Preparation of SiC/7075 Aluminum Matrix Composite

SiC/7075 aluminum matrix composites were prepared by a liquid stirring method.The role of Ti facilitating the preparation of SiC/7075 aluminum matrix were studied by means of direct-reading spectrometer,scanning electron microscope,energy dispersive spectrometer,X-ray diffraction and the sessile drop method.The results show that the SiC content in the SiC/7075 composite increases with an increase of Ti addition.The addition of Ti can significantly improve the wettability of SiC/Al system,there is a critical value of above 0.5%of Ti content in improving the wettability of the Al/SiC system at 1173K.The temperature of the"non wetting-wetting"transition for the(Al-2Ti)/SiC system is about 1123K,the contact angle decreases to 88°at 200 seconds and reaches a stable contact angle of 28°at 2100 seconds.

Influence of Reinforcement Type on Microstructure, Hardness, and Tensile Properties of an Aluminum Alloy Metal Matrix Composite

This paper presents the results of the comparative study of as cast microstructures and mechanical properties viz yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, elastic modulus, percentage elongation, hardness, percentage porosity and fracture characteristic of 5 wt% SiC and Al2O3 particulate reinforced Al-4% Cu-2.5% Mg matrix composites. These composite materials were prepared through stir casting process. Quantitative metallographic techniques were utilized to determine the average grain size of particles. The microstructures and tensile fracture characteristic of the representative samples of the composites were examined using optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The experimental results demonstrate a fairly uniform distribution of 50.8 μm Al2O3 and 49.2 μm SiC spherical particles with some clustering in few areas. At the interfaces of Al2O3 and the matrix, MgO and MgAl2O4 were observed. Similarly, Al4C3 was formed at the interfaces between SiC and the matrix. The mechanical property test results revealed that, for the same weight percentage of reinforcement, Al-4% Cu-2.5% Mg/5 wt% SiC composite exhibit a 15.8%, 16.4%, 4.97% and 10.8% higher yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, elastic modulus, and hardness, respectively. On the other hand, even if some porosity was observed in the Al2O3 reinforced composite, the percentage elongation (ductility) was 31% higher than that of SiC rein-forced composite. The tensile specimen of SiC reinforced composite failed in a brittle fashion without neck formation, whereas the Al2O3 reinforced composite failed in a ductile fashion with noticeable neck formation.

Taguchi approach to influence of processing parameters on erosive wear behaviour of Al7034-T6 composites

Taguchi technique was used to predict the influence of processing parameters on the erosive wear behavior Al7034-T6composite reinforced with SiC and Al2O3particles in different mass fractions.These hybrid metal matrix composites(HMMCs)werefabricated by using a simple technique called stir casting technique.Scanning electron microscope(SEM)was used to study thesurface morphology of the composite and its evolution according to processing time.The design of experiment(DOE)based onTaguchi’s L16orthogonal array was used to identify various erosion trials.The most influencing parameter affecting the wear rate wasidentified.The results indicate that erosion wear rate of this hybrid composite is greatly influenced more by filler content and impactvelocity respectively compared to other factors.This also shows the significant wear resistance with the increase in the filler contentsof SiC and Al2O3particles,respectively.

Development and Characterization of Aluminium-Based Metal Matrix Composites

Aluminum based metal matrix composites were fabricated using stir casting where silicon carbide and alumina were the reinforcements. Different types of properties (physical-density, mechanical-tensile, hardness, chemical-corrosion etc.) were measured and compared with base metals/alloys. The properties were significantly varied. The highest density was obtained for pure aluminium with 5% Al2O3 whereas the lowest was obtained for AA-4032 alloy. The highest hardness was obtained for AA-4032 with 5% Al2O3 whereas the lowest was obtained for pure Al with 5% Al2O3. The highest strength was obtained for AA-6061 with 5% coarse SiC whereas the lowest was obtained for pure Al. The highest impact strength was obtained for AA-4032 with 5% Al2O3 whereas the lowest was obtained for AA-6061. The corrosion resistance of all composites was lower than that of the base materials.

β-Sialon-Al_2O_3-SiC系复相材料的研制和性能

研究了在 15 0 0℃的流动氮气中 ,用Al粉、Si粉、Al2 O3粉、刚玉和SiC的颗粒及细粉直接制备 β Sialon -Al2 O3-SiC系复相材料的氮化烧结技术。XRD和SEM分析表明 ,结合相 β Sialon的显微形貌随刚玉量的增加由纤维状向棱柱状转变 ,发育良好。复相材料的高温抗折强度高于常温抗折强度。抗热震试验结果显示 :添加适量的刚玉对β Sialon -SiC复相材料和添加适量的SiC对β Sialon -刚玉 复相材料都具有良好的增韧效果 ,这是β Sialon的纤维增强及柱状晶体原位自补强增韧和复合弥散相增韧综合作用的结果。抗碱和抗高炉渣试验均显示了该复相材料优良的抗碱和抗铁渣侵蚀能力。

SiC晶须和Ti(C,N)颗粒协同增韧Al_2O_3陶瓷刀具的研究

采用热压工艺烧结制备了SiCW Ti(C ,N) Al2 O3(Y2 O3)陶瓷刀具复合材料。研究了不同烧结温度(16 0 0～ 175 0℃ )下 ,材料的致密度和力学性能 (断裂韧性KIC ,维氏硬度HV和抗弯强度σf)随晶须含量 (10 %～4 0 % )的变化关系 ;探讨了SiC晶须和Ti(C ,N)颗粒对Al2 O3基体的协同增韧机理。同时与SiCW Al2 O3陶瓷及Ti(C ,N) Al2 O3陶瓷作对比研究。结果表明 :SiCW Ti(C ,N) Al2 O3(Y2 O3)陶瓷材料在 175 0℃ ,晶须含量为 2 0 %时获得最佳的综合力学性能 :KIC =7 11MPa m1 2 ,HV =2 1 16GPa ,σf=82 0MPa ;明显高于SiCW 含量为 2 0 %的SiCW Al2 O3陶瓷和不加晶须的Ti(C ,N) Al2 O3陶瓷。第三相Ti(C ,N)颗粒的加入与晶须一起产生明显的迭加增韧效果 ,而且对SiCW 的各种增韧机制起到了促进作用。

SiC_p/Al_2O_(3f) 混杂增强 2024Al 复合材料摩擦磨损性能的研究

研究了２０２４铝合金、ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３ｆ混杂增强２０２４Ａｌ复合材料与汽车刹车材料对磨时的摩擦磨损性能．借助扫描电镜对磨损形貌的观察，分析了材料的磨损机理．在本研究的试验条件下，２０２４铝合金的磨损极为严重，ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３ｆ混杂增强２０２４Ａｌ复合材料的耐磨性能良好．由于ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３ｆ混杂增强２０２４Ａｌ复合材料的密度较低，因而该材料在汽车工业中有广泛的应用前景．

化学沉积Ni-P-Al_2O_3和Ni-P-SiC复合材料的微观组织与物理性能

采用化学沉积方法，可以制备以镍磷合金为基质的复合硬质相粒子的复合材料［１］．镍磷合金颇受青睐之处在于可以调整成分和时效处理温度来改变其组织结构，进而获得广泛变化的性能［２，３］．本文报道化学沉积获得的ＮｉＰ氧化铝和ＮｉＰ碳化硅复合材料的微观组织与...

用煤矸石和煤合成β-SiC-Al_2O_3复相材料的研究

以煤矸石和无烟煤为原料 ,研究了在高温下合成β SiC -Al2 O3复相材料的可行性 ,并对原料的选取和合成工艺制度进行了探索 ,结果表明 :1 )在一定温度及煤过量的条件下 ,不加保护气体 ,通过碳热还原反应可以得到较高含量的 β SiC -Al2 O3复相陶瓷材料。 2 )细度的增大能明显提高反应进程 ,得到较纯的β SiC -Al2 O3复相材料。

多相悬浮混合法制备Al_2O_3-SiC_((n))纳米复合陶瓷

采用多相悬浮混合法制备纳米ＳｉＣ均匀分布在基质Ａｌ２Ｏ３中的纳米复合陶瓷。分别研究了加入分散剂ＰＭＡＡ－ＮＨ４后纳米ＳｉＣ和亚微米级Ａｌ２Ｏ３在水悬浮液中的分散稳定性，得出了两种单相水悬浮液高稳定、高分散的条件；并得出两相混合悬浮液均匀分散以及共同絮凝的条件，获得均分散的纳米复合陶瓷粉体。热压瓷体的力学性能得到明显改善。

Al_2O_3短纤维/SiC颗粒混杂增强铝合金复合材料

研究了Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 短纤维和ＳｉＣ 颗粒混杂增强铝合金复合材料在制动过程中的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明复合材料在制动过程中的摩擦系数较稳定， 磨损量较小， 与传统的制动材料铸铁相比， 复合材料的表面温升较低， 铸铁由于表面温升较高而产生了大量的裂纹。复合材料由于增强体的存在， 制动过程中表面易形成致密连续的转移膜， 该转移膜的出现保证了复合材料在制动过程中摩擦系数的稳定， 降低了复合材料的磨损量。与铸铁相比， 复合材料的密度较低，

退火处理对Nano-SiC-Al_2O_3/TiC纳米陶瓷复合材料性能的影响

研究了退火工艺对纳米陶瓷复合材料力学性能的影响。研究表明，纳米陶瓷复合材料在适当退火工艺下，其抗弯强度和硬度可以提高４０％ ～５０ ％ ，但断裂韧度略有下降。

铝合金直接氧化形成SiC/Al_2O_3/Al复合材料的微观结构

采用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜及金相显微镜对铝合金直接氧化渗入SiC预制体形成的SiC/Al2 O3/Al复合材料进行了分析 ,发现该材料由α Al2 O3、SiC、Al4 O4 C、Al和Si五相组成 .α Al2 O3为骨架相 ,三维连通 ,其晶界纯净 ,Al、Si以包裹相形式出现在α Al2 O3晶粒中 ;SiC相也是主要相 ,呈孤岛状 ;Al4 O4 C相的出现 ,说明在该材料的生长过程中 ,SiC颗粒与Al和O2 发生了反应 .