Changes in the network of tourist trails in the border zones of the Czech Republic after entering the Schengen area

Among the factors influencing tourist trail network development are political issues, including the presence of state borders, the possibility of crossing them and the accessibility of border zones. In the article, it was decided to look at changes in the offer of tourist trails(hiking and cycling) along the entire border of the Czech Republic after the extension of the Schengen area(within this area, crossing the border is possible anywhere, and not only at official border crossings). It should be emphasized here that the borders of the Czech Republic over most of their length run through mountainous areas and, apart from political factors, natural features should have a major impact on the development of tourist routes. In order to determine the coherence of the current network of trails on both sides of the Czech Republic state border, modern tourist maps have been analyzed, determining the number of places where it is possible to cross the state border with the help of a marked tourist trail. Based on that, two indicators were introduced to determine the degree of openness with all neighboring countries as regards the opportunity to cross on a tourist trail. Changes in the historical situation, a comparison of the accessibility of the border area before entering the Schengen area and 2019, were analyzed for two study areas using archival maps. Over a decade after the extension of the Schengen area, the number of places where tourist trails of neighboring countries approach the border has clearly increased. Crossing is more often made possible using hiking trails than cycling routes(trails of the first type cross the border every 7.91 km, while the latter every 13.3 km), but considering the speed of movement, it can be assessed that the openness for cyclists is higher than for hikers. Moreover, in many places there is still significant potential for further integration of tourist trail networks as trails created in one country often do not have a continuation on the other side of the border.

Public choice on coordinated development of border regions and its empirical research:a case study of Wuling mountain area

Due to the difficult segmentation of land destiny, popularity destiny, industry destiny on the platform of common interests demand, the regional governance of production and living for the needs of the people in cross-regional areas, such as in the aspects of security, education, assignment and management of water resources, transportation, energy, environment protection and public health, the administrative border regional cooperation is relatively easy. These aspects are equivalent to public products. Just because of this, it leads to problems that nobody will not control. The governments, in order to realize regional economic coordinated development and to eliminate the regional interests parties of administrative regions economy in microcosmic, were adapting various self-protection measures, even including that "you may have your policy but I have my countermeasures" that is derived from inter-regional economic relations. The action of market segmentation has limited the flow of various economic development elements, especially the condition of "dead end highway", resource exploitation and use, difficult social security work in social living of the administrative boundary zone. This paper studies the typical economical district of Wuling mountain area in the obvious strategic position at the junction of Chongqing, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei provinces from the angle of regional public management and public choice to present issue awareness and academic purpose.

Analysis of Vagina Microecology and Investigation of Common Infection in Border Area of Chongzuo City

Objective: To investigate the microecology and common infection of the female vagina in border area of Chongzuo City. Methods: Female patients in the outpatient department and inpatient department of gynecology of our hospital from April 1, 2018 to August 23, 2021 were selected as the research objects. The reproductive tract secretions of all patients were examined by microecological examination, morphological examination, chemical analysis and microscopic examination, and the results of various indicators were statistically analyzed to draw relevant conclusions. Results: Among the 1498 women with vaginal micro- ecological imbalances, cleanliness was determined to be 534 cases of degree II, 868 cases of degree III, and 96 cases of degree IV;Nugent scores were 9 - 10 in 9 cases, 8 in 122 cases, 7 in 30 cases, 6 in 18 cases, 5 in 8 cases, 4 in 717 cases, 3 in 248 cases, 2 in 209 cases, 1 in 118 cases, and 0 in 19 cases. AV scores were 8 in 1 case, 7 in 1 case, 6 in 2 cases, 5 in 9 cases, 4 in 84 cases, 3 in 207 cases, 2 in 850 cases, 1 in 284 cases, and 0 in 60 cases. Among the pathogen infections, 99 cases were mycoplasma, 361 cases were candida, 199 cases were bacterial and 8 cases were trichomonas;In chemical analysis, there were 138 cases with pH 5.1, 326 cases with pH 4.8, 775 cases with pH 4.6, 217 cases with pH 4.4, and 42 cases with pH 4.1;meanwhile, 1390 cases were positive for hydrogen peroxide, 505 cases were positive for glucosidase, 487 cases were positive for acetylglucosaminidase, 184 cases were positive for sialidase, 290 cases were positive for proline amino-peptidase, 501 cases were positive for coagulase, and 1064 cases were positive for leukocyte esterase. Conclusion: Female reproductive tract microecology is more complex, and the pathogens of infection are also diverse. A systematic examination can clarify the occurrence and development of the disease, and then provide reliable laboratory data for clinical treatment and guide clinical medication.

Spatial-temporal Evolution Analysis on Land Use Multifunctionality in the China-Vietnam Border Area

Exploring the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the border land use multifunctionality(LUMF)provides insights for taking advantage of border land use and optimizing border land use policies.Based on the improved Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)mode,this study identifies and evaluates the LUMFs in the China-Vietnam border area between 2000 and 2018 from the perspectives of agricultural production,social security,ecological service,landscape recreation,and national security.The results show that:1)The comprehensive land use functions in most counties and cities continued to be improved.2)The comprehensive land use function exhibits remarkable spatial divergence and aggregation characteristics.The high-value area of the agricultural production function and social security function evolves from the east to the west.In addition,the spatial evolution of ecological service function is complicated,without an obvious spatial divergence and aggregation pattern.The landscape recreation function shows different spatial differentiation characteristics in the early and middle stage,and forms a large cluster in the later stage.Finally,the spatial evolution pattern of the national security function is significant.3)Designing differentiated border land policies,improving border land use security,and establishing a long-term mechanism for ecological protection and ecological compensation can aid in optimizing the LUMF level in the border area.

Let Education Play a More Role in Rural Revitalization—Taking Guangxi Border Ethnic Areas as an Example

The development of education and the implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization are both decisions made by the Chinese government according to the needs of the country.The article first elaborates the relationship between education and rural revitalization.Second,it takes Guangxi border ethnic areas as an example to analyze the current problems and deficiencies in the development of education.Finally,it puts forward targeted suggestions,including a hundredyear plan and education-oriented.Education is the cornerstone of national revitalization.With a view to enabling education to play a more effective role in rural revitalization.

THE REFORM & DEVELOPMENT OF CAS INSTITUTES IN BORDER AREAS

This article offers an analytic explanation of the geographic, historical and environmental features as well as the strategic positions of CAS-affiliated border area institutes (BAIs). In addition, it puts forward several suggestions in a bid to advance their reform and development.

中国“增加自周边国家进口”的事实、问题与建议

增加自周边国家进口是国家提出的重要工作,也是中国践行互利共赢开放战略的具体实践。中国增加自周边国家进口不仅有利于中国经济高质量发展,而且有利于为周边国家经济发展提供“中国动能”。但是,中国和周边国家之间的互联互通水平有待进一步提高、经贸合作程度总体不高、部分周边国家地缘政治风险较高、沿边地区边民互市贸易发展有待进一步提高等问题制约了中国增加自周边国家进口。因此,中国政府要加快沿边地区的基础设施建设,为周边国家建设基础设施提供支持;加快与周边国家签署自贸协定,调动周边国家深度参与“一带一路”共建;大力发展沿边地区的边民互市贸易,积极探索建立沿边自由贸易试验区;建立进口风险预警防范机制,保障自周边国家进口的稳定性;积极宣传周边命运共同体意识,加强同周边国家的人文交流合作。

边疆民族地区民办社会工作机构承认历程探究——基于保山市S机构的个案分析

以霍耐特承认理论为指导,采取典型案例研究方法,对边疆民族地区——保山市的S机构承认历程进行探究。结合多元承认主体、双重承认维度和生命周期历程,将S机构获取承认之路构建为承认过程的生命周期模型。在S机构的初创期、成长期和稳定期,自我承认、政府承认和社会承认显现出不同特征,助推S机构的发展。S机构也遭遇一定程度的蔑视和挑战。边疆民族地区社会工作机构需认识到承认获取的螺旋过程,在现实境遇中力争突破。

关于中国区域抗战史研究的几个问题--以晋察冀边区与河北省域抗战史研究为例

构建中国区域抗战史的理论体系与架构体系及其立论视角与研究方法,是中国区域抗战史研究亟待解决的共性问题。中国抗日战争所具有的“两重性质”即抗日与民主(反帝,并伴随着反封建)和“双重目的”即民族独立与建立新中国(争取民族独立,并伴随着开创新中国),决定了区域抗战的本质及其战略总目标(在抗战中改造旧社会,创造新社会),这是构建区域抗战史的理论体系与架构体系的关键所在。唯有站在中华民族抗战与中国未来前途的新视角、新高度,聚焦中华民族抗战与国内民主改革之关系,才能科学地构建区域抗战史的理论体系与架构体系,并在坚持唯物史观和正确抗战史观的同时,真正克服历史虚无主义与碎片化。

粤港澳大湾区交通流网络空间结构和边界效应测度

推动港澳与内地交通互联互通和融合发展是粤港澳大湾区高质量发展的重要内容。大湾区由于制度差异对跨境交通产生边界效应,但现有研究中利用真实交通流大数据对边界效应的动态测度研究不足。文章基于粤港澳大湾区高速公路收费数据和跨境交通数据构建大湾区交通流网络,采用复杂网络和边界效应度量方法,研究大湾区交通流网络空间结构及其边界效应的动态变化。结果表明,粤港澳大湾区交通流网络具有独特的广佛、深莞惠“双核心―边缘”结构,疫情后大湾区交通流网络的交通覆盖度和紧密度都有较大提升,港澳车流开始跨越边界向北延伸,粤港澳交通融合加速,形成“两岸互通、全域互联”的空间格局,但整体上香港地区和澳门地区在整体网络的重要性依然较弱。香港地区和内地、澳门地区和内地间的阻碍系数高于内地各县区间的阻碍系数,客车的阻碍系数普遍低于货车的阻碍系数。疫情后全网络的阻碍系数呈现动态下降趋势,边界效应的限制作用降低。文章拓展了交通流网络研究中边界效应的定量研究框架,有助于推动粤港澳大湾区交通融合发展。

粤港澳大湾区食品安全社会共治

以粤港澳大湾区为研究对象,基于计划行为理论构建公众参与食品安全治理影响因素的理论模型。描述性统计分析发现粤港澳大湾区食品安全治理的公众参与存在地区差异,即珠三角地区公众参与、主观规范、知觉行为控制、对政府监管的满意度低于港澳地区。随后通过结构方程模型分析揭示了公众参与食品安全共治的影响因素和机制,结果显示食品安全治理中政府监管满意度对公众参与有显著影响,其作用机制是通过正向影响主观规范、参与态度、知觉行为控制对公众参与产生正向影响。食品受害经历对风险感知和参与态度有正向影响,进而促进食品安全治理的公众参与,即有食品受害经历的个体参与食品安全治理的意愿更高。研究结论对促进粤港澳大湾区食品安全跨界合作与社会共治具有重要参考意义。

边疆民族地区高校网络舆情基本特征及其引导——基于Y校313名学生的问卷调查

新兴自媒体和社交软件的推广普及不断影响着大学生的生活方式、交际方式和思维方式。诸多自媒体网络平台也逐渐成为边疆民族地区高校学生铸牢中华民族共同体意识的重要场域。及时掌握边疆民族地区高校网络舆情的特点,以科学合理的舆情引导策略,凝聚共同体意识推动各民族互嵌共融,正成为高校舆情治理的一项主要内容。本文基于对313份调查问卷的整理与分析,归纳Y校学生网络舆情的现实状况、基本特征及主要类型,探讨引导边疆民族地区高校网络舆情工作积极向好开展,健全完善符合边疆民族地区高校大学生的网络舆情引导管理模式。通过以铸牢中华民族共同体意识为引导,积极营造理性、健康、和谐、互嵌共生的边疆民族地区高校网络舆情环境。

全面抗战时期陕甘宁边区乡村党员教育研究

全面抗战时期,陕甘宁边区持续开展党员教育,以提高农民党员的思想认识与政治水平,引导广大乡村党员干部坚定理想信念和政治方向,围绕党的政治路线和中心工作,坚持抗日民族统一战线,一切为战胜日本帝国主义而奋斗。在中共中央、西北局(边区党委、边区中央局)领导下,边区乡村党员教育以西北局高干会为界,分为前后两个阶段。前一阶段,乡村党员教育中的教条主义、主观主义比较严重,教学方式以照本宣科为主,教育形式主要是流动训练班,教材内容艰深、枯燥无味。后一阶段,结合全党整风,较好地纠正了党员教育中存在的偏差,面向乡村党员干部的扫盲教育与政治教育取得显著效果,基本实现了巩固和发展党员的目标。

“边境-粮食-生态”安全视域下耕地利用生态效率演变特征与机制——以中越边境地区为例

明晰耕地利用生态效率的驱动机理是深化土地科学前沿探索、优化粮食安全发展格局的关键基础。建构“边境-粮食-生态”安全框架,采用非期望产出的超效率SBM模型测算2000—2020年中越边境地区耕地利用生态效率,通过泰尔指数研究其演变特征和区域差异,并运用动态面板系统GMM模型揭示耕地利用生态效率的驱动机制。结果表明:(1)中越边境地区耕地利用生态效率指数总体呈现“先升-后降-再升”的变化趋势,整体处在中等效率水平,空间表现为“北高-南低”分布格局,省际差异是造成区域差异的主要原因。(2)化肥使用过量、劳动力过剩和碳排放增加是造成中越边境地区耕地投入产出要素松弛、耕地利用生态效率损失的重要因素。(3)中越边境地区耕地利用生态效率由多因子交互作用驱动,地形坡度、城镇化、边境贸易水平、财政支农水平是提高耕地利用生态效率的积极因素,水土流失率、工业化和劳均耕地规模对耕地利用生态效率具有抑制效应。中越边境地区亟需优化耕地经营投入结构,向“投入优-产出高-排放低”方向转型,构建边境粮农稳态格局,促进边境地区长足稳定高质量发展。

基于时空多成分模型的中缅边境地区景洪市登革热流行特征分析

目的了解中缅边境地区景洪市2019年登革热时空分布特征及传播影响因素。方法收集中缅边境地区景洪市2019年登革热本地病例逐日发病数,将人口密度、人均GDP、日平均气温、日平均相对湿度和日照时数等因素作为协变量,构建基于Power-law算法的时空多成分模型,通过赤池信息量(Akaike information criterion,AIC)来评价模型的拟合效果。结果中缅边境地区景洪市2019年累计报告3303例登革热本地病例,发病率为763.44/10万。将人均GDP纳入时间自相关成分,同时将人口密度、日平均气温、日平均最高气温和日平均相对湿度纳入局部特性成分的时空多成分模型的拟合效果最优(AIC=2317),此时时间自相关成分为0.2151[95%CI:(0.0812,0.5702)]、空间流行成分为0.0004[95%CI:(0.0002,0.0010)]、局部特性成分为3.0152[95%CI:(1.6507,5.5078)]。协变量日平均相对湿度、人口密度、人均GDP、日平均气温、日平均最高气温的作用强度依次为2.8159[95%CI:(0.0216,367.1685)]、1.8227[95%CI:(1.4976,2.2183)]、1.2088[95%CI:(1.0577,1.3816)]、0.3561[95%CI:(0.0119,10.6739)]、0.3104[95%CI:(0.0036,126.5482)]。对发病数>20例的区域分析发现,允景洪街道、西双版纳旅游度假区和景洪工业园区时间自相关成分影响较大,嘎洒镇、勐龙镇和勐罕镇局部特性成分影响较大。结论景洪市不同区域登革热时空构成存在差异性,具有不同的时空传播特征。人均GDP会扩大前期疫情对后期疫情传播的影响,人口密度、日平均气温、日平均最高气温和日平均相对湿度则会影响研究区域登革热本地风险水平。

云南边境地区农村本土能人资源开发与管理研究

边境地区农村人力资源开发对促进地区经济发展、维护民族团结、保障边境安全稳定具有重要的现实意义。随着国家新农村建设和精准扶贫工作深入推进,对云南边境地区农村本土能人资源开发与管理的研究显得尤为重要。本文在云南省瑞丽市、勐腊县、河口县三个边境县域实地调研的基础上,结合农村本土能人问卷调查与访谈数据,对当前这类地区农村本土能人资源开发的基本现状进行分析,指出云南省边境地区农村本土能人资源开发中存在的问题,剖析问题出现的原因,最后提出解决问题的对策建议。

新时代边疆九省区共同富裕水平测度及时空演化特征

本文通过构建精神和物质两个维度评价指标体系,采用熵权TOPSIS法测度2002—2021年边疆九省区物质富裕水平、精神富裕水平及总体共同富裕水平。结果表明:(1)边疆九省区除西藏和辽宁以外,其余七省共同富裕水平总体不断上升,呈现东强西弱的空间非均衡分布格局,位于西部省区发展速度较快,呈现“良性追赶”的发展态势。(2)物质富裕水平呈不断上升趋势,居民生活水平不断提高。(3)精神富裕水平除广西和甘肃以外,其余省区均呈现下降趋势。表明边疆九省区精神富裕水平有待提高。基于研究结论,从推进公共服务均等化、重视物质与精神双重富裕等三个方面提出对策建议,提升新时代边疆地区共同富裕水平。

提升沿边口岸在“一带一路”核心区建设中的作用研究——以新疆口岸调研为例

沿边口岸作为深化与周边国家互联互通的关键节点和重要门户,发挥着大通道、试验田和对外示范窗口的重要作用,成为“一带一路”创新对外开放的前沿阵地。本文以新疆沿边口岸调研为例,从“五通”的视角阐述了新疆丝绸之路经济带核心区建设的基本情况,并根据新疆陆路和铁路口岸、边民互市贸易区、中哈霍尔果斯边境国际合作中心等地调研情况,分析新疆沿边口岸参与“一带一路”核心区建设中,在边贸、物流、平台等方面的发展现状和存在的问题,并提出相关对策建议。

数字赋能西南边境地区返乡创业帮扶的影响机理、现实问题与实践进路

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