Side lobe level reduction(SLL)of antenna arrays significantly enhances the signal-to-interference ratio and improves the quality of service(QOS)in recent and future wireless communication systems starting from 5G up t...Side lobe level reduction(SLL)of antenna arrays significantly enhances the signal-to-interference ratio and improves the quality of service(QOS)in recent and future wireless communication systems starting from 5G up to 7G.Furthermore,it improves the array gain and directivity,increasing the detection range and angular resolution of radar systems.This study proposes two highly efficient SLL reduction techniques.These techniques are based on the hybridization between either the single convolution or the double convolution algorithms and the genetic algorithm(GA)to develop the Conv/GA andDConv/GA,respectively.The convolution process determines the element’s excitations while the GA optimizes the element spacing.For M elements linear antenna array(LAA),the convolution of the excitation coefficients vector by itself provides a new vector of excitations of length N=(2M−1).This new vector is divided into three different sets of excitations including the odd excitations,even excitations,and middle excitations of lengths M,M−1,andM,respectively.When the same element spacing as the original LAA is used,it is noticed that the odd and even excitations provide a much lower SLL than that of the LAA but with amuch wider half-power beamwidth(HPBW).While the middle excitations give the same HPBWas the original LAA with a relatively higher SLL.Tomitigate the increased HPBWof the odd and even excitations,the element spacing is optimized using the GA.Thereby,the synthesized arrays have the same HPBW as the original LAA with a two-fold reduction in the SLL.Furthermore,for extreme SLL reduction,the DConv/GA is introduced.In this technique,the same procedure of the aforementioned Conv/GA technique is performed on the resultant even and odd excitation vectors.It provides a relatively wider HPBWthan the original LAA with about quad-fold reduction in the SLL.展开更多
With the rapid development of communication technology,the problem of antenna array optimization plays a crucial role.Among many types of antennas,line antenna arrays(LAA)are the most commonly applied,but the side lob...With the rapid development of communication technology,the problem of antenna array optimization plays a crucial role.Among many types of antennas,line antenna arrays(LAA)are the most commonly applied,but the side lobe level(SLL)reduction is still a challenging problem.In the radiation process of the linear antenna array,the high side lobe level will interfere with the intensity of the antenna target radiation direction.Many conventional methods are ineffective in obtaining the maximumside lobe level in synthesis,and this paper proposed a quantum equilibrium optimizer(QEO)algorithm for line antenna arrays.Firstly,the linear antenna array model consists of an array element arrangement.Array factor(AF)can be expressed as the combination of array excitation amplitude and position in array space.Then,inspired by the powerful computing power of quantum computing,an improved quantum equilibrium optimizer combining quantum coding and quantum rotation gate strategy is proposed.Finally,the proposed quantum equilibrium optimizer is used to optimize the excitation amplitude of the array elements in the linear antenna array model by numerical simulation to minimize the interference of the side lobe level to the main lobe radiation.Six differentmetaheuristic algorithms are used to optimize the excitation amplitude in three different arrays of line antenna arrays,the experimental results indicated that the quantum equilibrium optimizer is more advantageous in obtaining the maximum side lobe level reduction.Compared with other metaheuristic optimization algorithms,the quantum equilibrium optimizer has advantages in terms of convergence speed and accuracy.展开更多
30~300 MHz的甚高频(Very High Frequency,VHF)频段是重要的射电天文波段,该频段观测采用天线阵组阵方式。稀布阵列具有空间分辨率高、副瓣电平低以及造价低等优点,进一步的天线阵综合加权可以对天线阵主瓣波束进行有效赋形,对最大旁瓣...30~300 MHz的甚高频(Very High Frequency,VHF)频段是重要的射电天文波段,该频段观测采用天线阵组阵方式。稀布阵列具有空间分辨率高、副瓣电平低以及造价低等优点,进一步的天线阵综合加权可以对天线阵主瓣波束进行有效赋形,对最大旁瓣副瓣(Maximum Side Lobe)电平和远区栅瓣(Far Side Lobe)电平进行抑制。首先回顾了射电天文甚高频稀布阵列研究发展和现状,以及将会遇到的难点,提出了首先优化最优稀布天线阵元排布,进一步提出融合高性能计算平台+FPGA SOPC的稀布甚高频射电天文阵列信号处理结构体系,在图形处理器(Graphics Processing Unit,GPU)或者云计算平台上完成对天线阵各阵元频点加权参数的计算,然后通过高速总线将计算参数下发到前端的信号处理板中,通过FPGA SOPC完成对加权参数的配发。进一步分析计算了多波束情况下的数据率,可以实现实时的参数配置。本文成果为下一步大规模甚高频天线阵架设提供了技术依据。展开更多
传统的阵列波束展宽技术需要对阵元施加复加权操作,实现起来相对复杂。提出了一种基于多种群遗传算法(Multiple Population Genetic Algorithm,MPGA)的唯相加权阵列波束展宽技术,并针对均匀直线阵列和扇形圆环阵列,结合其数学模型,分别...传统的阵列波束展宽技术需要对阵元施加复加权操作,实现起来相对复杂。提出了一种基于多种群遗传算法(Multiple Population Genetic Algorithm,MPGA)的唯相加权阵列波束展宽技术,并针对均匀直线阵列和扇形圆环阵列,结合其数学模型,分别设计出适配的适应度函数,通过MPGA对阵元内各个阵元的附加相位进行优化,经仿真实现了阵列波束展宽。结果表明,该方法可以在考虑天线阵列的副瓣电平及天线效率的同时,设计实现更宽的阵列波束,且收敛速度较快、稳健性较好,充分显示了MPGA在天线阵列设计中较好的应用前景。展开更多
为降低常规波束形成输出旁瓣级和背景噪声对弱目标检测的影响,依据波束形成指向性函数在目标波达方向上输出值为1、在非目标方向上输出值为小于1的特性,提出一种基于全相位预处理的低旁瓣波束形成方法。对水平直线阵接收数据进行分组处...为降低常规波束形成输出旁瓣级和背景噪声对弱目标检测的影响,依据波束形成指向性函数在目标波达方向上输出值为1、在非目标方向上输出值为小于1的特性,提出一种基于全相位预处理的低旁瓣波束形成方法。对水平直线阵接收数据进行分组处理;按搜索角度对各组数据进行相移预处理,并对各组数据相移预处理结果进行组合,得到一组新数据;对该组新数据进行相移、求和,可得到该搜索角度对应波束值。理论推导分析和仿真实验结果均表明:相比常规波束形成方法,新方法对水平直线阵接收数据进行分组组合处理,波束形成指向性函数发生了变化,旁瓣级得到13 d B以上的改善,信噪比提高1. 7 dB,有效降低了旁瓣级和背景噪声对弱目标检测的影响,并消除了搜索角度与波达方向不一致时的波束域数据相位不一致性;新方法在没有进行Chebyshev滤波和其他约束优化情况下,只通过相移预处理就能够优化波束形成指向性函数。展开更多
基金Research Supporting Project Number(RSPD2023R 585),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Side lobe level reduction(SLL)of antenna arrays significantly enhances the signal-to-interference ratio and improves the quality of service(QOS)in recent and future wireless communication systems starting from 5G up to 7G.Furthermore,it improves the array gain and directivity,increasing the detection range and angular resolution of radar systems.This study proposes two highly efficient SLL reduction techniques.These techniques are based on the hybridization between either the single convolution or the double convolution algorithms and the genetic algorithm(GA)to develop the Conv/GA andDConv/GA,respectively.The convolution process determines the element’s excitations while the GA optimizes the element spacing.For M elements linear antenna array(LAA),the convolution of the excitation coefficients vector by itself provides a new vector of excitations of length N=(2M−1).This new vector is divided into three different sets of excitations including the odd excitations,even excitations,and middle excitations of lengths M,M−1,andM,respectively.When the same element spacing as the original LAA is used,it is noticed that the odd and even excitations provide a much lower SLL than that of the LAA but with amuch wider half-power beamwidth(HPBW).While the middle excitations give the same HPBWas the original LAA with a relatively higher SLL.Tomitigate the increased HPBWof the odd and even excitations,the element spacing is optimized using the GA.Thereby,the synthesized arrays have the same HPBW as the original LAA with a two-fold reduction in the SLL.Furthermore,for extreme SLL reduction,the DConv/GA is introduced.In this technique,the same procedure of the aforementioned Conv/GA technique is performed on the resultant even and odd excitation vectors.It provides a relatively wider HPBWthan the original LAA with about quad-fold reduction in the SLL.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62066005Project of the Guangxi Science and Technology under Grant No.AD21196006.
文摘With the rapid development of communication technology,the problem of antenna array optimization plays a crucial role.Among many types of antennas,line antenna arrays(LAA)are the most commonly applied,but the side lobe level(SLL)reduction is still a challenging problem.In the radiation process of the linear antenna array,the high side lobe level will interfere with the intensity of the antenna target radiation direction.Many conventional methods are ineffective in obtaining the maximumside lobe level in synthesis,and this paper proposed a quantum equilibrium optimizer(QEO)algorithm for line antenna arrays.Firstly,the linear antenna array model consists of an array element arrangement.Array factor(AF)can be expressed as the combination of array excitation amplitude and position in array space.Then,inspired by the powerful computing power of quantum computing,an improved quantum equilibrium optimizer combining quantum coding and quantum rotation gate strategy is proposed.Finally,the proposed quantum equilibrium optimizer is used to optimize the excitation amplitude of the array elements in the linear antenna array model by numerical simulation to minimize the interference of the side lobe level to the main lobe radiation.Six differentmetaheuristic algorithms are used to optimize the excitation amplitude in three different arrays of line antenna arrays,the experimental results indicated that the quantum equilibrium optimizer is more advantageous in obtaining the maximum side lobe level reduction.Compared with other metaheuristic optimization algorithms,the quantum equilibrium optimizer has advantages in terms of convergence speed and accuracy.
文摘30~300 MHz的甚高频(Very High Frequency,VHF)频段是重要的射电天文波段,该频段观测采用天线阵组阵方式。稀布阵列具有空间分辨率高、副瓣电平低以及造价低等优点,进一步的天线阵综合加权可以对天线阵主瓣波束进行有效赋形,对最大旁瓣副瓣(Maximum Side Lobe)电平和远区栅瓣(Far Side Lobe)电平进行抑制。首先回顾了射电天文甚高频稀布阵列研究发展和现状,以及将会遇到的难点,提出了首先优化最优稀布天线阵元排布,进一步提出融合高性能计算平台+FPGA SOPC的稀布甚高频射电天文阵列信号处理结构体系,在图形处理器(Graphics Processing Unit,GPU)或者云计算平台上完成对天线阵各阵元频点加权参数的计算,然后通过高速总线将计算参数下发到前端的信号处理板中,通过FPGA SOPC完成对加权参数的配发。进一步分析计算了多波束情况下的数据率,可以实现实时的参数配置。本文成果为下一步大规模甚高频天线阵架设提供了技术依据。
文摘传统的阵列波束展宽技术需要对阵元施加复加权操作,实现起来相对复杂。提出了一种基于多种群遗传算法(Multiple Population Genetic Algorithm,MPGA)的唯相加权阵列波束展宽技术,并针对均匀直线阵列和扇形圆环阵列,结合其数学模型,分别设计出适配的适应度函数,通过MPGA对阵元内各个阵元的附加相位进行优化,经仿真实现了阵列波束展宽。结果表明,该方法可以在考虑天线阵列的副瓣电平及天线效率的同时,设计实现更宽的阵列波束,且收敛速度较快、稳健性较好,充分显示了MPGA在天线阵列设计中较好的应用前景。
文摘为降低常规波束形成输出旁瓣级和背景噪声对弱目标检测的影响,依据波束形成指向性函数在目标波达方向上输出值为1、在非目标方向上输出值为小于1的特性,提出一种基于全相位预处理的低旁瓣波束形成方法。对水平直线阵接收数据进行分组处理;按搜索角度对各组数据进行相移预处理,并对各组数据相移预处理结果进行组合,得到一组新数据;对该组新数据进行相移、求和,可得到该搜索角度对应波束值。理论推导分析和仿真实验结果均表明:相比常规波束形成方法,新方法对水平直线阵接收数据进行分组组合处理,波束形成指向性函数发生了变化,旁瓣级得到13 d B以上的改善,信噪比提高1. 7 dB,有效降低了旁瓣级和背景噪声对弱目标检测的影响,并消除了搜索角度与波达方向不一致时的波束域数据相位不一致性;新方法在没有进行Chebyshev滤波和其他约束优化情况下,只通过相移预处理就能够优化波束形成指向性函数。
