青木香(Aristolochia debillis Sieb. et Zucc.)的抗菌活性(英文)

通过琼脂平板扩散试验和双倍稀释试验,对青木香(Aristolochia debillis Sieb. et Zucc.)的石油醚提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物和甲醇提取物进行了抗细菌和抗真菌作用的研究,在三种提取物中,只有甲醇提取物对试验的所有革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌都表现出显著的抗菌作用,乙酸乙酯提取物只对测试的部分细菌显示出抗菌作用,石油醚提取物不具有抗菌活性.甲醇提取物比乙酸乙酯提取物具有更强的抗菌作用和更广的抗菌谱.三种提取物对所有试验的真菌都没有显示出抗菌作用.

野生大豆(Glycine soja Sieb.et Zucc.)叶柄维管束分化观察

对野生大豆(Glycine sojaS ieb.et Zucc.)叶柄维管束分化过程进行了观察.结果表明,野生大豆从茎中分出的3个叶迹,在叶柄基部先愈合成维管柱,然后再分开进入叶柄;叶柄维管束在分出3小叶之前,再发生不同程度愈合,形成圆形维管柱进入2个侧小叶柄;剩余的维管束再分离进入中间小叶柄.同样,中间小叶柄维管束在进入叶片之前也要愈合成维管柱后,才逐渐进入叶片,形成叶脉.

野大豆(Glycine soja Sieb.et Zucc.)一新变种

命名发表了野大豆一新变种,即闭花野大豆Glycine soja Sieb.et Zucc.var.cleistogama C.S.Zhu et S.X.Zhu。

青木香(Aristolochia debillis Sieb.et Zucc.)的消炎和镇痛活性(英文)

目的:检测青木香(AristolochiadebillisSieb.etZucc.)的块根水提取液的消炎和镇痛效果及毒性。方法:用蛋清诱导法、热板法和扭体法。结果:青木香的块根水提取液无毒性,1000mg/kg,i.g.的青木香块根水提取液比生理盐水的消炎和镇痛效果明显,比200mg/kg,i.g.乙酰水杨酸的消炎效果好,2000mg/kg,i.g.的青木香块根水提取液比乙酰水杨酸的消炎效果更加显著。结论:青木香具有较好消炎和镇痛活性,无毒性。

Structure Investigation of a New Alkaloid from Zanthoxylum Schinifolium Sieb et Zucc

There are more than 250 kinds of Zanthoxylum plants in the world, of which about 40 species grow in China. In last 30 years, nearly 80 kinds of the plants have been studicd intensively and the results show that they are of different chemical compositions and various physiological actions, such as having anthelmintic action, bacteriostasis,

Microscopic Identification of Zhuang Medicine Laportea bulbifera(Sieb. et Zucc.) Wedd.

[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the microscopic identification characteristics of Laportea bulbifera(Sieb. et Zucc.) Wedd. [Methods] The characteristics of L. bulbifera leaf, stem and powder were identified by microscopy. [Results] The main microscopic identification characteristics of the tissue structures of L. bulbifera leaf and stem at different positions and L. bulbifera powder were determined. [Conclusions] The microscopic identification results are characteristic, and could serve as the identification basis of L. bulbifera. These results could provide references for the quality control of L. bulbifera.

Orthogonal Test Optimization of Extraction Technology of Total Fla-vonoids from Fruits and Leaves of Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. and Its in Vitro Anti-oxidation Activity

[Objectives]To optimize the extraction technology of total flavonoids component,and investigate its in vitro anti-oxidation activity.[Methods]The single factor was inspected firstly. By orthogonal experiment,the best extraction conditions of total flavonoids from fruits and leaves of P. mume Sieb. et Zucc. were determined,and reducing ability of the extracted total flavonoids and its DPPH and ABTS scavenging abilities were explored. [Results] The best extraction technology conditions: solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 50,ethanol concentration of 50%,extraction time of 2. 5 h,extraction temperature of 85 ℃,two-time extraction. By detecting DPPH and ABTS scavenging abilities of total flavonoids,the anti-oxidation activity of the total flavonoids from fruits and leaves of P. mume Sieb. et Zucc. was analyzed and evaluated. [Conclusions]Fruits and leaves of P. mume Sieb. et Zucc. had a certain in vitro anti-oxidation activity,and heat reflux extraction method of its total flavonoids had high extraction rate and simple and convenient operation,which had some practical value.

Optimization of extraction and determination of emodin from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. products by HPLC-DAD

A uniform experimental design procedure was used to investigate the effects of some operating parameters on the extraction of emodin from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. products. Variables tested were volume ratio of material to solvent, size of material, extraction time and temperature and composition of extraction solvent （mixtures of acetone-water）. Each variable was tested at seven levels; 7 experiments were performed in random order. Analyses of the extracts were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection（HPLC-DAD）. Analytical responses were processed by using a forward regression analysis, in order to find polynomial function describing the relationship between variables and responses. For all the analytes the experimental conditions for providing the highest extraction yield inside the experimental domain considered were found. Finally, a simple, rapid and accurate analytical method was developed for the determination of emodin by high performance liquid chromatography. The separation is achieved within 25 rain on an ODS column using methanol and water as gradient mobiles. Emodin can be quantified by using external standard method detecting at 436 nm. Good linearity is obtained with correlation coefficient exceeding 0.9986 and the detection limit and the quantification limit are 1.53 and 3.23 mg/L respectively. This method shows good reproducibility for the quantification of the emodin with intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviation less than 2.3% and 5.6% respectively. Under optimized extraction conditions, the recovery of the standard is 96.5%. The validated method is successfully applied to quantify the emodin in seven Polygonum cuspidatum sieb. Et zucc. products, which provided an idea for the pre-treatment of determination of active compounds in traditional Chinese medicines.

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE PHENOLOGY OF TAXUS CUSPIDATA SIEB.ET ZUCC.

In this paper, the phenomena of the life cycle of Taxus cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc., such as germination, leafing, flowing seed mature,new shoot growth etc. were observed and measured. As a result, the phenological regularity of Taxus cuspidata was found initially. At the same time,according to its five-day mean increment and height growth curve, the growing process of new shoot of Taxus cupidata was divided into three periods:slow period peak period and decline period. The paper supplied scientific data for the introduction of the rare and imininent variety, domestication,cultivating, expoiting, utilizing and protecting of Taxus cuspdata.

DETERMINATION OF POLYDATIN IN POLYGONUM CUSPIDTUM SIEB. ET ZUCC. BY TLC-FLUORESCENCE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

Objective A method of TLC-fluorescence spectrophotometry was established to assay the content of polydatin in polygonum cuspidatum sieb. et zucc. Methods: Polydatin was extracted by methanol and separated with chloroform-acetone-formic acid-water (4∶4∶0.5∶0.2) by thin layer chromatography. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength were 284 nm and 384 nm, respectively. Results The linear regression equation of the calibration graph was y=7.02179x+4.5143, a linear regression correlative coefficient r=0.9936. Conclusion This method was proved simple, stable and sensitive. It can be used in quality control of herbs.

Optimization of Extraction Process of Polysaccharides from Actinidia arguta(Sieb.&Zucc.)Planch.ex Miq.

[Objectives]To optimize the extraction process of polysaccharides from Actinidia arguta(Sieb.&Zucc.)Planch.ex Miq.[Methods]On the basis of single-factor tests,an orthogonal test was conducted with solid/liquid ratio,ultrasonic temperature,ultrasonic time and ultrasonic power as influencing factors.[Results]The optimal extraction process was as follows:solid/liquid ratio 1∶15(g/mL),ultrasonic temperature 50℃,ultrasonic time 50 min and ultrasonic power 90 W.Under the optimal extraction conditions,the extraction rate of polysaccharides reached 2.05%.[Conclusions]The method is simple and feasible,and can be used to optimize the extraction process of polysaccharides in A.arguta,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of related resources.

Study on Quality Standards of Laportea bulbifera(Sieb. et Zucc.) Wedd. in Yao’s Folk-medicine

[Objectives] This study was conducted to establish the quality control standards for Laportea bulbifera(Sieb. et Zucc.) Wedd. [Methods] Microscopic identification and thin layer chromatography were used to identify and determine the moisture, total ash and extract contents. [Results] According to the microscopic results, the stem transection is round and has five longitudinal edges at which the cell wall is obviously thickened. Bristles can be observed. A series of collenchyma cells are arranged closely inside the epidermis. There are several rows of parenchyma cells. The vascular bundles are of different sizes;and the ray part is wide, and at the junction of the ray and the cortex, there are often scattered secretory cells. The center is a broad medulla. The powder is brown. There are many starch grains. The bristles are unicelluar, and have warty protrusions and expanded base. The fibers are bundled, and the cells are large. The epidermal cells are in the shape of an elongated spindle, in a mosaic arrangement, and the cell wall is slightly thickened. From the thin layer identification chromatograms of tested L. bulbifera, it can be seen that spots were observed at the same positions as the control medicinal material, and the durability of the method was good. The extract content should not be less than 12.00% by hot extraction with water as solvent, and not be less than 3.00% by cold extraction with ethanol as solvent. The moisture content should not be more than 16.50%. The total ash content should not be more than 14.00%. The acid-insoluble ash content should not be more than 2.50%. [Conclusions] The microscopic identification results are reliable and can be used as the identification basis of L. bulbifera. The thin layer identification method and the test results can provide a basis for quality control of L. bulbifera.

酸化甘油-超声辅助提取杨梅花青素工艺优化及其抗氧化活性研究

目的 通过响应面实验确定酸化甘油-超声辅助提取杨梅花青素最佳提取参数,并探究其体外抗氧化活性。方法 研究了酸化甘油浓度、提取时间、超声功率和提取温度4个单因素对杨梅花青素得率的影响,并优化花青素提取工艺参数。此外,考察了最佳提取工艺下杨梅花青素对3种氧化自由基的清除率和还原力等指标,评估了其抗氧化活性。结果 优化后的酸化甘油-超声辅助提取杨梅花青素的工艺条件为:酸化甘油浓度16%、提取时间42 min、超声功率204 W、提取温度46℃,此条件下杨梅花青素的得率为(6.915±0.027) mg CGE/g DW,接近预测值(6.961 mg CGE/g DW)。提取的杨梅花青素质量浓度为100μg/mL时,对超氧阴离子自由基、羟基自由基、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除率分别为59.35%、46.77%和61.65%。该浓度下,杨梅花青素的还原力为维生素C的39.84%。结论 本研究成功地应用响应面法优化了酸化甘油-超声辅助提取杨梅花青素的提取参数,并且提取物展现出良好的抗氧化活性。

黑龙江省延寿县驯化软枣猕猴桃品种果实品质比较分析

以2022年10月1日于黑龙江省延寿县长寿山庄采摘4种野生驯化的软枣猕猴桃品种(“果佬一号”“果佬二号”“东林一号”和“东林二号”)的果实和叶片为试材,采用多种生理指标测定方法,研究了果实品质特征,叶片、果实及植株的形态特征,以期为今后的广泛推广种植提供参考依据。结果表明:“果佬一号”和“果佬二号”果实较大,其果实平均鲜质量较高,分别为41.65 g和42.55 g。“果佬一号”和“东林二号”具有较高的可溶性糖含量,分别为6.19 mg·g^(-1)FW和6.21 mg·g^(-1)FW;“果佬二号”的维生素C含量最高为48.07μmol·g^(-1)FW;“果佬二号”和“东林二号”的可溶性固形物含量约比其他2个品种高10%;“果佬一号”和“东林一号”的可滴定酸含量约比其他2个品种高46%;“果佬二号”的固酸比最高为30.75。综上所述,4种驯化的软枣猕猴桃中,“果佬一号”产量较高且品质也较好,是综合性状均表现优良的品种;而“果佬二号”的果实红芯、适口性较好,同时也具有多个综合的优良品质,适宜推广;此外“东林一号”果实耐储运、红芯、植株颜色多变,既可用于酿酒或制作果醋,也可以用于观赏;“东林二号”果实红芯、品质好、产量适中,也较适合推广。

三种中草药及配伍药提取物体外抗氧化部位筛选

传统的抗癌药物多为化学药容易发生癌细胞耐药现象且副作用多,为了寻找新的抗癌药源,并探究中草药配伍能否提高原有活性,本试验选用中药材山慈菇Cremastra appendicutata(D.Don)Makino、藤梨根Actinidia arguta(Sieb.&Zucc)Planch.ex Miq、两头尖Anemone raddeana Regel,对其95%乙醇单体提取物及配伍提取物用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇、水萃取部分用DPPH法进行体外抗氧化活性部位筛选及抗氧化活性分析,结果发现三种中药材的乙酸乙酯层和正丁醇层提取物抗氧化活性明显高于其他层提取物,并且配伍后的中草药提取物抗氧化活性明显高于单一药材提取物。

梅花扦插繁殖研究进展

阐述了梅花(Prunus mume Sieb.)扦插繁殖中梅花树种的遗传差异、插穗生长程度、扦插繁殖时间的差异、基质选择以及不同类型植物生长调节剂对成活率的影响,讨论了种植后环境对扦插繁殖过程的影响,对扦插繁殖存在的问题提出了一些建议,旨在进一步促进梅花扦插繁殖的发展。

QSRR Study on the Components of Styrax Japonicus Sieb Flowers Using Improved Molecular Electronegativity-distance Vector (I-MEDV)

Atoms in most organic molecules are often carbon,oxygen,nitrogen,sulfur,halogens,etc. Based on the three-dimensional structure of a molecule,a molecular structural characterization（MSC） method called improved molecular electronegativity-distance vector（I-MEDV） was developed. It was used to describe the structures of 37 compounds of styrax japonicus sieb flowers. Through multiple linear regression（MLR）,a QSRR model was built up. The correlation coefficient（R1） of the model was 0.980. Then,4 vectors were selected to build another model through the method of stepwise multiple regression（SMR） ,and the correlation coefficient（R2） of the model was 0.975. Moreover,all the two models were evaluated by performing the crossvalidation with the leave-one-out（LOO） procedure and the correlation coefficients（Rcv） were 0.948 and 0.968,respectively. The results show that the I-MEDV could successfully describe the structures of organic compounds. The stability and predictability of the models were good.

A Preliminary Study on Cold Tolerance in Cinnamomum japonicum Sieb. at Different Ages

[ Objective] This study aimed to further expand the production and application of Cirmamomumjaponicum Sieb. and investigate the mechanism of cold resistance in evergreen broad-leaved tree species. [ Method] Using adult Cinnamonum campora as control, during the entire wintering period from October 2011 to March 2012, the wintering adaptability of C. japonicum leaves at different ages was observed; the electrolyte leakage was measured under indoor low-temperature treatment to calculate the semi-lethal temperature （LT50） by fitting Logistic equation, thus conducting dynamic analysis and comprehensive evaluation of the cold re- sistance in C. japonicum. [ Result] The results showed that the chilling injuries in leaves of different materials were aggravated with the decreasing temperature. According to the results of five times of dynamic observation on wintering adaptability, the cold resistance in different materials presented a decreasing order of adult C. japonicum medium-aged C. japonicum 〉 young C. japon/cum 〉 adult C. campora. The relationship between indoor low temperature and leaf injury rate showed an S-shaped curve. The significance test suggested relatively high fitting degree with Logistic equation. The semi-lethal temperature presented a V-shaped curve with the changing temperature and roached the minimum during late December to early February in the following year. The dynamic changes and minimum value of semi-lethal temperature indicated a consistent order of cold resistance in different materials to the results of wintering adaptability observation. Therefore, results of two analysis methods could be combined for cold resistance evaluation. [ Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for the introduction and populariza- tion of C. japonicum in northern gardens along the Yangtze River.

Study on Intervention of Blood Sugar and Blood Lipid in Diabetic Mice by Abrus Cantoniensis and Armeniaca mume Sieb and Their Compatibility

Objective:The study aims to explore the interventional effect of Abrus cantonensis and Armeniaca mume Sieb and their compatibility on blood glucose and blood lipid in diabetic mice and to explore the optimal ratio of efficacy of their compatibility.Methods:SPF Kunming male mice were fed with high sugar and high fat diet for 6 weeks and then intraperitoneally injected with STZ solution to establish a diabetes model.The successfully modeled mice were randomly divided into 6 groups according to their body weight:model group,Abrus Cantoniensis group,Armeniaca mume Sieb group,as well as Abrus Cantoniensis and Armeniaca mume Sieb group divided into 1:2,1:1 and 2:1 groups according to volume ratio with 10 mice in each group.Another 10 healthy mice were taken as blank group and intraperitoneally injected with sodium citrate buffer.The corresponding solution was given intragastric administration by body mass once a day for 20 days.After the last administration,fasting was performed for 12 hours.Serum was collected by the method of eyeball blood collection to determine the contents of fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol Triacylglycerol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein.Results:Compared with Abrus Cantoniensis and Armeniaca mume Sieb groups,Glu,TG,TC and LDL-C of the three compatibility groups significantly decreased,with the most significant decrease in the compatibility group 1:2,while there was no significant difference in HDL-C among all groups.Conclusion:Abrus Cantoniensis and Armeniaca mume Sieb and their combination have synergistic effects on the improvement of blood glucose and lipid levels in mice with high glucose and high fat combined with STZ-induced diabetes mellitus model.Among all the experimental groups,the compatibility 1:2 group had the best effect.

Efficient Evergreen Plant Regeneration of Cinnamomum japonicum Sieb.through in vitro Organogenesis

Cinnamomum japonicum Sieb.is an excellent roadside tree and medicinal tree species with considerable ornamental and economic value.In this study,we successfully developed a large-scale micropropagation protocol for C.japonicum for the first time.Sterilized shoots were excised and used as explants for shoot induction on several basal media,supplemented with different concentrations of plant growth regulators(PGRs),such as Thidiazuron(TDZ),N^(6)-Benzyladenine(6-benzylaminopurine)(BA),α-naphthaleneacetic acid(NAA)and Gibberellic acid(GA_(3)).After comparison,the most efficient medium for shoot regeneration was 1/2 Murashige and Skoog(MS)medium containing 0.5 mg L^(-1)BA,0.05 mg L^(-1)NAA and 0.2 mg L^(-1)GA_(3),which resulted in an average number of induced shoots per explant and shoot length of 5.2 and 1.62 cm at 28 d,respectively.Then,elongated adventitious shoots were transferred to induce roots.86.7%of shoots was able to root on 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L^(-1)NAA and 0.1 mg L^(-1)BA.The earliest rooting time observed was after 21 d and the average root length was up to 3.3 cm after 28 d.Our study shows that C.japonicum can be successfully regenerated through de novo organogenesis,which lays a foundation for future transformation research on this tree.