Ethylene participates in the regulation of numerous cellular events and biological processes, including wa- ter loss, during leaf and flower petal wilting. The diverse ethylene responses may be regulated via dynamic i...Ethylene participates in the regulation of numerous cellular events and biological processes, including wa- ter loss, during leaf and flower petal wilting. The diverse ethylene responses may be regulated via dynamic interplays between protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and ubiquitin/26S proteasome-mediated protein degradation and protease cleavage. To address how ethylene alters protein phosphorylation through multi-furcated signaling pathways, we performed a lSN stable isotope labelling-based, differential, and quantitative phosphoproteomics study on air- and ethylene-treated ethylene-insensitive Arabidopsis double loss-of-function mutant ein3-1/eill-1. Among 535 non-redundant phosphopeptides identified, two and four phosphopeptides were up- and downregulated by ethylene, respectively. Ethylene- regulated phosphorylation of aquaporin PIP2;1 is positively correlated with the water flux rate and water loss in leaf. Genetic studies in combination with quantitative proteomics, immunoblot analysis, protoplast swelling/shrinking experiments, and leaf water loss assays on the transgenic plants expressing both the wild-type and S280A/S283A-mutated PIP2;1 in the both Col-O and ein3eill genetic backgrounds suggest that ethylene increases water transport rate in Arabidopsis cells by enhancing S280/S283 phosphorylation at the C terminus of PIP2;1. Unknown kinase and/or phosphatase activities may participate in the initial up- regulation independent of the cellular functions of EIN3/EIL1. This finding contributes to our understanding of ethylene-regulated leaf wilting that is commonly observed during post-harvest storage of plant organs.展开更多
In this contribution,we utilized surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization(SI-ATRP)to prepare organicinorganic hybrid core/shell silila nanoparticles(NPs),where silia particles acted as cores and polymeri...In this contribution,we utilized surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization(SI-ATRP)to prepare organicinorganic hybrid core/shell silila nanoparticles(NPs),where silia particles acted as cores and polymeric shells(PAzoMA*)were attached to silica particles via covalent bond.Subsequently,chiroptical switch was sccessfully constructed on silica NPs surface taking advantage of supramolecular chiral self-assembly of the grafted side chain Azo-containing polymer(PAzoMA*).We found that the supramolecular chirality was highly dependent on the molecular weight of grafted PAzoMA*.Meanwhile,the supramolecular chirality could be regulated using 365 nm UV light iradiation and heating cooling treatment,and a reversible supramolecular chiroptical switch could be repeated for over five cycles on silia NPs surface.Moreover,when heated above the glass transition temperature(T_(g))of PAzoMA",the organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles(SiO_(2)@PAzoMA*NPs)still exhibited intense DRCD signals.Interestingly,the supramolecular chirality could be retained in solid film for more than 3 months.To conclude,we have prepared an organic inorganic hybrid core/shell chiral slia nanomaterial with dynamic reversible chirality,thermal stability and chiral storage functions,providing potential applications in dynamic asymmetric catalysis,chiral separation and so on.展开更多
文摘Ethylene participates in the regulation of numerous cellular events and biological processes, including wa- ter loss, during leaf and flower petal wilting. The diverse ethylene responses may be regulated via dynamic interplays between protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and ubiquitin/26S proteasome-mediated protein degradation and protease cleavage. To address how ethylene alters protein phosphorylation through multi-furcated signaling pathways, we performed a lSN stable isotope labelling-based, differential, and quantitative phosphoproteomics study on air- and ethylene-treated ethylene-insensitive Arabidopsis double loss-of-function mutant ein3-1/eill-1. Among 535 non-redundant phosphopeptides identified, two and four phosphopeptides were up- and downregulated by ethylene, respectively. Ethylene- regulated phosphorylation of aquaporin PIP2;1 is positively correlated with the water flux rate and water loss in leaf. Genetic studies in combination with quantitative proteomics, immunoblot analysis, protoplast swelling/shrinking experiments, and leaf water loss assays on the transgenic plants expressing both the wild-type and S280A/S283A-mutated PIP2;1 in the both Col-O and ein3eill genetic backgrounds suggest that ethylene increases water transport rate in Arabidopsis cells by enhancing S280/S283 phosphorylation at the C terminus of PIP2;1. Unknown kinase and/or phosphatase activities may participate in the initial up- regulation independent of the cellular functions of EIN3/EIL1. This finding contributes to our understanding of ethylene-regulated leaf wilting that is commonly observed during post-harvest storage of plant organs.
基金by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21971180 and 92056111)Natural Science Key Basic Research of Jiangsu Province for Higher Education(No.19KJA360006)+2 种基金Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Provinee(No.KYCX20_2655)College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Program(No.201910285021Z)the Priority Academic Program Development(PAPD)of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and the Program of Innovative Research Team of Soochow University.Prof.W.Zhang thanks Mr.J.Z.Wang in University of Waterloo for English editing.
文摘In this contribution,we utilized surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization(SI-ATRP)to prepare organicinorganic hybrid core/shell silila nanoparticles(NPs),where silia particles acted as cores and polymeric shells(PAzoMA*)were attached to silica particles via covalent bond.Subsequently,chiroptical switch was sccessfully constructed on silica NPs surface taking advantage of supramolecular chiral self-assembly of the grafted side chain Azo-containing polymer(PAzoMA*).We found that the supramolecular chirality was highly dependent on the molecular weight of grafted PAzoMA*.Meanwhile,the supramolecular chirality could be regulated using 365 nm UV light iradiation and heating cooling treatment,and a reversible supramolecular chiroptical switch could be repeated for over five cycles on silia NPs surface.Moreover,when heated above the glass transition temperature(T_(g))of PAzoMA",the organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles(SiO_(2)@PAzoMA*NPs)still exhibited intense DRCD signals.Interestingly,the supramolecular chirality could be retained in solid film for more than 3 months.To conclude,we have prepared an organic inorganic hybrid core/shell chiral slia nanomaterial with dynamic reversible chirality,thermal stability and chiral storage functions,providing potential applications in dynamic asymmetric catalysis,chiral separation and so on.
