Matching Dyeing and Properties of Silk Fabrics with Natural Edible Pigments

The silk fabrics were matching dyed with three natural edible pigments(red rice red,ginger yellow and gardenia blue).By investigating the dyeing rates and lifting properties of these pigments,it was observed that their compatibilities were excellent in the dyeing process:dye dosage 2.5%(omf),mordant alum dosage 2.0%(omf),dyeing temperature 80℃and dyeing time 40 min.The silk fabrics dyed with secondary colors exhibited vibrant and vivid color owing to the remarkable lightness and chroma of ginger yellow.However,gardenia blue exhibited multiple absorption peaks in the visible light range,resulting in significantly lower lightness and chroma for the silk fabrics dyed with tertiary colors,thus making it suitable only for matte-colored fabrics with low chroma levels.In addition,the silk fabrics dyed with these three pigments had a color fastness that exceeded grade 3 in resistance to perspiration,soap washing and light exposure,indicating acceptable wearing properties.The dyeing process described in this research exhibited a wide range of potential applications in matching dyeing of protein-based textiles with natural colorants.

Sterilization of mycete attached on the unearthed silk fabrics by an atmospheric pressure plasma jet

The sterilization of the simulated unearthed silk fabrics using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet（APPJ） system employing Ar/O2 or He/O2 plasma to inactivate the mycete attached on the silk fabrics is reported. The effects of the APPJ characteristics（particularly the gas type and discharge power） on the fabric strength, physical-chemical structures,and sterilizing efficiency were investigated. Experimental results showed that the Ar/O2 APPJ plasma can inactivate the mycete completely within 4.0 min under a discharge power of 50.0 W. Such an APPJ treatment had negligible impact on the mechanical strength of the fabric and the surface chemical characteristics. Moreover, the Ar ions, O and OH radicals were shown to play important roles on the sterilization of the mycete attached on the unearthed silk fabrics.

The effect of atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma treatment on the dyeing properties of silk fabric

In this study,the effects of plasma treatment parameters on surface morphology,chemical constituent,dycabiliiy and color fastness of silk fabric were investigated.Atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma generated with different applied voltages(0 kV to 45 kV)was used to treat the surface of silk fabrics.C I Natural Yellow 3 was used to dye untreated and plasma-treated silk fabrics.The physical analysis based on scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of silk fabrics was affected by plasma treatment.The chemical analysis was investigated with x-ray photi>elcctron spectroscopy and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that the content of C Is decreased with the increasing applied voltage,the content of N Is and O Is increased with the increasing applied voltage.The increasing K/S values represented that the dyeability of silk fabrics was improved after plasma treatment.The color fastness to dry and wet rubbing was decreased after plasma treatment.

The Recognition of Silk Fabric Defects Based on Biorthogonal Wavelet Analysis and SOM Neural Network

A feasible approach for the recognition of silk fabric defects based on wavelet transform and SOM neural network is proposed in this paper, the indispensable processes of which are defect images denoising and enhancement, image edge detection, feature extraction and defects identification. Both geometrical and textmal feature parmnete~ are extracted from the edge image and the enhanced defect image, and utilize SOM neural network to recognize the common defects which silk fabrics have, including warplacking, weft-lacking, double weft, loom bars, oil-stains. Experimental resets show the advantages with high identification correctness and high inspection speed.

ESR signals from silk fabrics irradiated by UV-rays

ESR studies were done on UV-ray irradiated silk fabric samples at room temperature. Different types of UV lamps were used and similar ESR signals were observed. The results indicate that UV-rays can produce free radicals for graft-copolymerization of monomer onto silk fibers without external additives or co additives, Also, radicals in silk fabrics irradiated by UV-rays are purer than that irradiated by γ-rays. The study suggests that UV-lights may be a better tool to improve properties of silk fabrics by grafting monomers onto the polymer chains.

The Relationship between the Mechanical Properties of Pure Silk Fabrics and Dress Performance

In this paper, the relationship between mechanical properties of 30 pieces of pure silk fabrics and the dress performance has been analyzed. With the methods of multifactor linear step regression and discrimination analysis, the judgment and prediction model of the performance have been established.

Properties of radicals created by γ-ray irradiation of silk fabrics

The propoerties of radicals fromγ-ray irradiated silk fabrics were studied by electron spin resonance method(ESR).The ESR spectra of silk fabrics irradiated in N2 showed a doublet at room temperature,The doublet became a singlet at g=2.0057 after placing the sample in air for 24 hours.This can be explained by formation of peroxide radicals.The radical concentration of the irradiated silk fabric and the decay rate of radicals are significantly affected by irradiation conditions.which include the absorbed dose.atmosphere,and water content of the silk fabric samples.However,no dose rate effect on the radical concentration was observed.The results are of help in our practice of property modification of silk products by radiation graft copolymerization.

MONITOR AND CONTROL OF THE DEGUMMING PROCESS FOR SILK FABRICS

In the paper the monitor and control methods of silk fabrics degumming process havebeen discussed which arethe pH value of degumming bath, the degumming loss percentage and the supplemen-tary amounts of degumming assistants etc.The investigation was shown that method is exact to measure the PH value of degum-ming bath by the heat resistant 305-2 type lithium glass electrode and the 232 type calomelelectrode through the saturated polassium chloride salt bridge at the degumming tempera-ture, the method can be avoided the errors in the conventional measurements.From the theoretical calculate of the alkaline expense, including the absorbed alkali ofraw silk fabric, G1;the alkali carried away by fabric, G2;the consumptive alkali by belach-ing agent, G3 etc. According to practical produce, the empirical formula has been estab-lished for determination of the addittional amounts of degumming assistants, G, at the con-tinuous produce:G=1.28(G1+G2+G3)(g/kg fabric)

Sub-Millimeter-Wave Transmission of Silk Fabric

Millimeter wave technology is one of the technologies developed rapidly in recent years. The research was mainly to study the transmission of millimeter wave through textile material named silk fabric. We observed the phenomenon of sub-millimeter-wave transmission and reflection of the silk fabric, and concluded that with the number of silk fabric layers increasing, effect of scattering and absorption of the millimeter wave enhanced. The conclusion could be further employed in millimeter wave and THz imaging, dangerous goods inspection and other security application.

An Experimental Investigation to Examine the Wicking Properties of Silk Fabrics

In this research, the wicking characteristics of fabrics were used as an essential and effective indicator to investigate the satisfaction of heat and moisture. Due to the popularization of silk fabrics recently it has become an interesting topic to know about the wicking behavior of silk fabrics in water. The absorptive capability of the silk textile makes clothing comfortable even for a hotter environment. Silk fabrics are comfortable in the summer, and warm in the winter. Silk fabric can usually contain about 11 percent of its weight in moisture but the range varies from 10% to as much as 30%. In this paper, the wicking behavior of silk fabric in both warp and weft directions was investigated in terms of wicking height, wicking rate, mass increase distribution per centimeter of wicking height, the velocity of wicking height, and durability of wicking height after removal of the wicking liquid reservoir. The experimental results show that the wicking height in both the warp and weft directions had a good correlation with the time. The wicking rate was comparable in both weft and warp directions, but at the start of the wicking phase, weft direction wicking was quicker than warp direction. The mass increase in fabric per centimeter of wicking height was inversely proportional to wicking height. The mass of moisture carried in the fabric did not significantly differ in the direction of the weft and warp.

真丝织物的植物染料染色

采用植物红和植物蓝染料对真丝织物进行直接染色,探讨了染液浓度、染色pH、染色温度、染色时间、元明粉用量、固色剂用量对真丝织物染色效果的影响。通过正交试验得到的最佳染色工艺为:植物红染料质量分数1.00%(omf),染液pH为3,染色温度90℃,染色时间40 min,元明粉质量浓度5 g/L,固色剂质量分数1%;植物蓝染料质量分数1.00%(omf),染液pH为7,染色温度90℃,染色时间55 min,元明粉质量浓度5 g/L,固色剂质量分数1%。染色织物具有较好的耐皂洗色牢度、耐摩擦色牢度和耐汗渍色牢度,基本达到3~4级以上。

紫外光对不同埋藏环境丝织品的劣化影响研究

利用扫描电镜、傅立叶红外、热重分析、氨基酸分析等现代分析技术对紫外光照下模拟不同埋藏环境丝织品的劣化差异进行探究,结果表明:紫外光照射使丝织品表面产生脆性断口、黄度值增加、断裂强力下降、无规卷曲/β-折叠含量比值上升、热最大分解速率温度下降,酪氨酸、大侧基氨基酸的含量减少。紫外光对不同埋藏环境丝织品的劣化影响各不一样,其中对有氧埋藏环境和碱埋藏环境丝织品的破坏更严重。因此博物馆馆藏丝织品保存条件的选择应当根据埋藏环境差异进行细化,对有氧环境和碱环境出土丝织品要格外注意紫外光防护。此外,丝织品的热最大分解速率温度的下降与紫外光照射时间呈线性关系,可以用于量化评估丝织品的劣化程度。

改性蚕丝织物的胭脂虫红染色工艺探析

为使胭脂虫红上染蚕丝织物效果好,采用壳聚糖季铵盐(HACC)对蚕丝织物改性后,用胭脂虫红色素直接染色,探讨改性工艺。研究表明,最佳改性工艺条件为改性温度70℃,改性时间40 min,pH=5,HACC质量浓度4%。胭脂虫红对改性蚕丝织物进行直接染色,得出优化的染色工艺条件为染色温度80℃,染色时间40min,pH=7,染液质量浓度6%。在最佳的工艺条件下,对未改性及改性蚕丝织物进行直接染色和后媒染,用环保的氯化镧稀土为媒染剂,对染色织物的染色性能、色牢度进行测试。结果表明,HACC改性试样经过后媒染法染色,其染色性能、色牢度最好,对生态染整技术发展提供积极的意义。

真丝织物的尤加利叶拓染工艺

采用尤加利叶对真丝织物进行拓染,探讨直接拓染和不同媒染剂预媒拓染方法对拓染效果的影响,发现直接拓染和硫酸亚铁预媒拓染两种方法效果最佳。尤加利在真丝织物上直接拓染的最佳工艺参数为:轧车压力3.0 kg/cm^(2)(织物含水率123%),汽蒸温度110℃,汽蒸时间50 min;硫酸亚铁预媒拓染的最佳工艺为:媒染剂质量浓度0.20 g/L,汽蒸温度110℃,汽蒸时间50 min。

基于二氧化硫脲还原剥色的丝织物扎染新工艺

扎染作为时尚流行元素,其产品设计一直是个热门话题,当前文献报道大多侧重扎染的图案设计、扎花技法和产品应用,深入研究其染色工艺的相对较少。文章提出先以活性染料对丝织物染地色,扎染时采用二氧化硫脲作为还原剂对地色染料进行剥色,同时选择中性染料对丝织物进行着色,以开发扎染新工艺。单因素影响实验结果表明,在无碱条件下,二氧化硫脲质量浓度1g/L、还原温度90℃、还原时间6min时,诺威克隆红S-B、红EC-4B、橙EC-3R和蓝EC-R四只活性染料染色丝织物的剥色率分别达到95.43%、97.54%、92.91%和96.62%。扎染时选择相同浓度与温度、还原时间大于6min,活性染料染色的丝织物通过单色扎染可以获得与常规扎染相反的图案效果,也可以通过中染料着色获得两套色或以上的扎染效果。

马王堆汉墓出土西汉官营丝织品中的“红”色

马王堆汉墓是关于西汉的百科全书,囊括了科技、文化、艺术等学科,帛画、陶器、印章等种类的富饶内容。其出土的丝织物种类繁多,染于织物层面的色彩艺术为世人所叹。文章以马王堆汉墓已出土的丝织物为物质载体,探析“红”在出土丝织品中的色彩表现。基于此,文章介绍了西汉时期红色植物、矿物染料的染色手段,线染、匹染、套染等染色手法及同色系、异色系等搭配方式,了解了“红”色在西汉官营丝织品的呈现方式,彰显其蕴含的文化内涵,并深入理解其色彩符号于后世的价值意义。

蚕丝基柔性压力传感器的制备及其性能研究

蚕丝具有优异的生物相容性、可降解性和易加工性等,是应用于柔性电子领域的理想柔性基底材料。本文通过气液界面聚合法,在蚕丝织物、平板丝和静电纺丝素膜三种蚕丝材料表面实现聚苯胺的原位生长,成功制备出以聚苯胺为活性导电介质的柔性基材,并将其组装成柔性压阻式压力传感器,这为开发高性能、安全可靠和轻质便携的可穿戴电子产品提供新的方法和途径。结果表明:三种蚕丝基柔性压力传感器中,蚕丝织物聚苯胺传感器具有最大的压力检测范围(16.27~504.79 kPa),拉伸变形可达20%,灵敏度仅为0.00129 kPa^(-1);静电纺丝素膜聚苯胺传感器灵敏度最高(0.01376 kPa^(-1)),但拉伸变形能力差,仅可拉伸2.3%;平板丝聚苯胺传感器压力检测灵敏度略高于蚕丝织物聚苯胺传感器,达到0.00134 kPa^(-1),线性检测范围为9.8~87.6 kPa。本文研究开发的蚕丝基柔性压力传感器在运动检测领域具有较好的应用前景。

姜黄素与木犀草素对蚕丝的拼色及功能改性

从姜黄中提取天然多酚类姜黄素化合物作为色素,对提取物进行结构鉴定和表征,并将其与木犀草素拼染,探讨了拼染的协同效应与机理。结果表明:姜黄提取物的主要成分为姜黄素类化合物;将其与木犀草素拼混对蚕丝织物进行染色,可呈现出与直接染色不同的黄色色泽;拼染蚕丝织物的各项色牢度可达3级以上;抗氧化、抗紫外和抑菌性能均有明显提升。1%(omf)姜黄素类化合物和2%(omf)木犀草素拼色染色的蚕丝织物抗氧化性达90%以上,UPF值为191.44,抑菌带宽度为0.45 cm以上。

蚕丝织物的巴西莓生态染色及功能性

为提高蚕丝织物的附加值和多功能性,以天然绿色抗氧化能力强的巴西莓进行生态染色。研究了壳聚糖、阳离子瓜尔胶、木瓜蛋白酶改性对织物K/S值的影响,通过单因素法确定了直接染色的最优工艺,考察了媒染剂氯化铈、单宁酸以及桃胶对织物色牢度的影响,测试了染色织物的色牢度、抗紫外性能以及吸湿导热性能。结果表明:木瓜蛋白酶改性蚕丝织物能够提高巴西莓的上染能力;直接染色最优工艺为pH=4,温度50℃,时间50 min,浴比1∶40;氯化铈同浴媒染时织物K/S值最大,但匀染性较差;染色后蚕丝织物耐摩擦和耐水洗色牢度均能达到3级,紫外防护性能以及吸湿导热性能得到增强。

聚合物光纤发光面料的设计与开发

为了满足人们对纺织品个性化和多样化的需求,以聚合物光纤(POF)为发光体,依据光纤侧面发光原理设计开发聚合物光纤发光机织面料,介绍面料的灵感来源、光纤分布设计、组织设计、纱线设计及其排列、穿综设计、上机织造工艺等,在半自动打样机上进行试织并说明织造要点。结果表明:合理利用发光体和其他纱线,结合纬向管状组织、平纹小提花组织以及缂丝技术等,开发出更加时尚化、个性化的发光面料。发光面料主要应用于装饰纺织品,其结构独特、配色协调、立体感强,具有较强的装饰性和乐趣性,在一定程度上也起到安全警示作用。