Transient fault detection mechanism is added to simultaneous multithreading architecture. By exploiting both ILP (Instruction Level Parallelism) and TLP (Thread Level Parallelism), Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT) Fa...Transient fault detection mechanism is added to simultaneous multithreading architecture. By exploiting both ILP (Instruction Level Parallelism) and TLP (Thread Level Parallelism), Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT) Fault Tolerance Processor can be expected to achieve better tradeoff between performance and hardware cost than traditional Fault Tolerance Processors. Detailed simulations of 3 of SPEC95 benchmarks show that executing two redundant programs on the fault-tolerant microarchitecture takes only 40%–61%longer than running a single version of the program. The new instruction fetch algorithm enhances the performance by 0.4%～1%to most of the benchmarks we choose randomly.展开更多
Based on Simultancous Multithrtading (SMT), we propose a fault-tola antscheme called Tri-modular Redun-danlly and Simultaneously threaded processor with Recovery (TRSTR),TRSTR features as following: First, we introduc...Based on Simultancous Multithrtading (SMT), we propose a fault-tola antscheme called Tri-modular Redun-danlly and Simultaneously threaded processor with Recovery (TRSTR),TRSTR features as following: First, we introduce an arbitrator context into thtconventional SRT(Simultaneous and Redundantly Threaded), which acts as an arbitrator when results from the other twocontexts disagree, or acts as an ordinary thread generally, thus making full use of SMT'sparallelism. Second, we append reconfigurablefeature to sphere of replication in SRT, making it moreflexible for changing demands and situations Third, TRSFR has two working modes: Tri-Simultancouswith Voling (TSV) and Dual-Simultaneous with Arbitrator CDSA), which can switch at will. Finally, inaddition to transient-fault coverage, TRSTR has on-line self-checking and self-recover ingabilities, so as to shield off some permanent faults and reconfigure itself without stopping thecrucial job. improving its reliability and availability.展开更多
Programs take on changing behavior at runtime in a simultaneous multithreading (SMT) environment. How rea-sonably common resources are distributed among the threads significantly determines the throughput and fairness...Programs take on changing behavior at runtime in a simultaneous multithreading (SMT) environment. How rea-sonably common resources are distributed among the threads significantly determines the throughput and fairness performance in SMT processors. Existing resource distribution methods either mainly rely on the front-end fetch policy, or make distribution decisions according to the limited information from the pipeline. It is difficult for them to efficiently catch the various resource requirements of the threads. This work presents a spatially triggered dissipative resource distribution (SDRD) policy for SMT processors. Its two parts, the self-organization mechanism that is driven by the real-time instructions per cycle (IPC) performance and the introduction of chaos that tries to control the diversity of trial resource distributions, work together to supply sustaining resource distribution optimization for changing program behavior. Simulation results show that SDRD with fine-grained diversity controlling is more effective than that with a coarse-grained one. And SDRD benefits much from its two well-coordinated parts, providing potential fairness gains as well as good throughput gains. Meanings and settings of important SDRD parameters are also discussed.展开更多
Big data analytics is emerging as one kind of the most important workloads in modern data centers. Hence,it is of great interest to identify the method of achieving the best performance for big data analytics workload...Big data analytics is emerging as one kind of the most important workloads in modern data centers. Hence,it is of great interest to identify the method of achieving the best performance for big data analytics workloads running on state-of-the-art SMT( simultaneous multithreading) processors,which needs comprehensive understanding to workload characteristics. This paper chooses the Spark workloads as the representative big data analytics workloads and performs comprehensive measurements on the POWER8 platform,which supports a wide range of multithreading. The research finds that the thread assignment policy and cache contention have significant impacts on application performance. In order to identify the potential optimization method from the experiment results,this study performs micro-architecture level characterizations by means of hardware performance counters and gives implications accordingly.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Funda tion of China (60103002)
文摘Transient fault detection mechanism is added to simultaneous multithreading architecture. By exploiting both ILP (Instruction Level Parallelism) and TLP (Thread Level Parallelism), Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT) Fault Tolerance Processor can be expected to achieve better tradeoff between performance and hardware cost than traditional Fault Tolerance Processors. Detailed simulations of 3 of SPEC95 benchmarks show that executing two redundant programs on the fault-tolerant microarchitecture takes only 40%–61%longer than running a single version of the program. The new instruction fetch algorithm enhances the performance by 0.4%～1%to most of the benchmarks we choose randomly.
基金Supported by the 10th5 Year National Defence Pre Research Project (41316.1.2)
文摘Based on Simultancous Multithrtading (SMT), we propose a fault-tola antscheme called Tri-modular Redun-danlly and Simultaneously threaded processor with Recovery (TRSTR),TRSTR features as following: First, we introduce an arbitrator context into thtconventional SRT(Simultaneous and Redundantly Threaded), which acts as an arbitrator when results from the other twocontexts disagree, or acts as an ordinary thread generally, thus making full use of SMT'sparallelism. Second, we append reconfigurablefeature to sphere of replication in SRT, making it moreflexible for changing demands and situations Third, TRSFR has two working modes: Tri-Simultancouswith Voling (TSV) and Dual-Simultaneous with Arbitrator CDSA), which can switch at will. Finally, inaddition to transient-fault coverage, TRSTR has on-line self-checking and self-recover ingabilities, so as to shield off some permanent faults and reconfigure itself without stopping thecrucial job. improving its reliability and availability.
基金the Hi-Tech Research and Development Pro-gram (863) of China (No. 2006AA01Z431) the Key Science andTechnology Program of Zhejiang Province (Nos. 2007C11068 and2007C11088), China
文摘Programs take on changing behavior at runtime in a simultaneous multithreading (SMT) environment. How rea-sonably common resources are distributed among the threads significantly determines the throughput and fairness performance in SMT processors. Existing resource distribution methods either mainly rely on the front-end fetch policy, or make distribution decisions according to the limited information from the pipeline. It is difficult for them to efficiently catch the various resource requirements of the threads. This work presents a spatially triggered dissipative resource distribution (SDRD) policy for SMT processors. Its two parts, the self-organization mechanism that is driven by the real-time instructions per cycle (IPC) performance and the introduction of chaos that tries to control the diversity of trial resource distributions, work together to supply sustaining resource distribution optimization for changing program behavior. Simulation results show that SDRD with fine-grained diversity controlling is more effective than that with a coarse-grained one. And SDRD benefits much from its two well-coordinated parts, providing potential fairness gains as well as good throughput gains. Meanings and settings of important SDRD parameters are also discussed.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2015AA015308)the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China(No.2014CB340402)
文摘Big data analytics is emerging as one kind of the most important workloads in modern data centers. Hence,it is of great interest to identify the method of achieving the best performance for big data analytics workloads running on state-of-the-art SMT( simultaneous multithreading) processors,which needs comprehensive understanding to workload characteristics. This paper chooses the Spark workloads as the representative big data analytics workloads and performs comprehensive measurements on the POWER8 platform,which supports a wide range of multithreading. The research finds that the thread assignment policy and cache contention have significant impacts on application performance. In order to identify the potential optimization method from the experiment results,this study performs micro-architecture level characterizations by means of hardware performance counters and gives implications accordingly.
