Power Grid Development in 60 Years since the Foundation of P.R.C.

Foreword Since the foundation of P.R.C.,the China's power grid develops with a high rate.By now,grids in all provinces except Xinjiang,Tibet,Hainan and Taiwan are AC/DC interconnected together,forming the structure of power grid interconnection in the whole country.

Congratulatory Letter to WFAS from Wu Yi the Vice-Premier of State Council of P.R.C.

October 19,2007 Vice Premier Wu Yi,PRC On behalf of Chinese government,I would like to congratulate the 20th Foundation of World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)and International Acupuncture Congress which is to be held in Beijing,China.And also I give my warm welcome and regards to TCM/Acupuncture colleagues all over the world.

Lack of Evidence for Decreased Protein Stability in the 2397 (Met) Haplotype of the Leucine Rich Repeat Kinase 2 Protein Implicated in Parkinson’s Disease

Missense mutations in the leucine rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are the leading genetic cause of autosomal dominant familial Parkinson’s disease. We previously reported that two mutations within the ROC domain, namely R1441C and A1442P, exhibit increased protein degradation leading to lowered steady state LRRK2 protein levels in HEK293 cells. More recently, the common WD40 domain LRRK2 haplotype, Met2397, which is a risk factor for Crohn’s disease, has been shown to lower steady state protein levels in HEK293 cells. In view of recent evidence implicating LRRK2 and inflamemation in PD, we investigated the effects of Met2397 on LRRK2 expression, and compared them to the Thr2397 variant and other LRRK2 mutants. In this study, we transfected HEK293 cells with plasmid constructs encoding the different LRRK2 variants, and analyzed the resulting protein levels by Western blot and flow cytometry. Here we found that both the Met2397 and Thr2397 haplotypes yield similar levels of LRRK2 protein expression and do not appear to impact cell viability in HEK293 cells, compared to other LRRK mutants. Thus, we have concluded that the Met2397 haplotype is unlikely to play a role in LRRK2 mediated or idiopathic PD.

P25 Scoring Method for the Assessment of R/C Buildings

An effective rapid assessment technique, called ＂P25 Scoring Method＂, has been developed and tested on 26 different case studies recently, in order to predict the collapse vulnerability of the R/C buildings. After a short description of the approach, the study presents the sensitivity study of the method to the selected structural parameters by considering incremental deviation of the final scores from the base model. Further, the methodology was applied to an additional 100 damaged buildings in order to check the reliability of the method and some necessary modifications have been applied to the algorithm after considering this larger database. The evaluation of the results has been interpreted as a beneficial guidance for local authorities. The risk bands are defined according to the final scores and the effect of changing the band-width has also been studied through a safe but an economical procedure. A satisfactory correlation of the method with real damage states is obtained and a ready-to-use methodology has been introduced for future studies.

Fragility Assessment of Pre-Northridge Steel Moment Frames Using Finite-Length Plastic Hinge Elements and Concentrated Plasticity Fracture Elements

Although pre-Northridge earthquake steel moment resisting frame buildings have been shown to be susceptible to brittle connection failures,they still represent a large fraction of the existing steel buildings in the United States of America.In this study,the performance of the 3-and 9-story Los Angeles pre-Northridge SAC buildings are analyzed considering ductile and brittle beam-column connection failures,and their uncertainty.This paper contributes to understanding the influence of uncertainty associated with connections brittle fracture on building interstory deformation capacity and its impact on bias and variability of fragility functions and loss assessment.The results show that considering brittle connections leads to significantly l arger d rift demands a nd t o h igher r epair costs,particularly under intense ground shaking.New fragility curve parameters are derived that account for the effect of the uncertainty of the strength and deformation capacity of brittle connections.

EFFECT OF MAGNETIC FIELD ON CALCITONIN GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE IN PERIODONTAL LIG AMENTS OF RATS

proach change of CGRP with time in periodontal ligaments of rats in magnetic field, maxillae of 28 Wistar rats of 6 7 weeks were placed in magnetic fields of permanent magnets Nd 2 Fe 4 B. Changes of CGRP with t ime in maxillary periodontal ligaments of the rats were studied by immunohistochemistry. The result showed that: magnetic field had dynamic effect and some promotional effect on recove?E F F E C T O F M A G N E T I C F I E L D O N C A L C I T O N I N G E N E- R E L A T E D P E P T I D E I N P E R I O D O N T A L L I G A M E N T S O F R A T S X. Chang , K. Qin and Y. L. Lu Orthodontic Department of Stomatology College , China Medical University , Shenyang 110001 , China Manuscript received 24 June 1999 In order to approach change of C G R P with tim e in periodontal liga m ents of rats in m agneticfield , m axillae of 28 Wistar rats of 6 7 weeks w ere placed in m agnetic fields of per m anentm agnets Nd 2 Fe4 B. Changes of C G R P with tim e in m axillary periodontal liga ments of therats were stu died by i m m unohistoche mistry . The result sho wed that : m agnetic field had dy na m ic effect an d so m e pro motional effect on recovering and reconstruction of the periodontaltissues in it . This provided a better theoretical evidence for clinical use of per m anent m agnets .

Clinical and genetic analysis of one late-onset family with Charcot–Marie–Tooth type 2A:Case report

Objective:To analyze the clinical and genetic characteristics of late-onset Charcot–Marie–Tooth(CMT)type 2A.Methods:A pedigree survey combined with clinical and genetic testing was used for integrated analyses.Results:The proband showed muscle atrophy in both hips and thighs,obviously in the posterior sides of both legs.The serum creatine kinase(CK)value was 272U/L.EMG:the median nerve conduction velocity was normal and the nerves of both lower extremities showed neurogenic damage(mainly axonal).Genetic testing revealed a heterozygous variant in exon 9 of the MFN2 gene NM 014874:c.839G>A(p.R280H).The Father of the proband had similar symptoms of peripheral neuromuscular and the same heterozygous mutation,but the mother did not show similar clinical symptoms and the genetic mutation.Conclusion:Pedigree investigation combined with clinical and genetic analysis is a kind of reliable method for late-onset CMT2A diagnosing and helping to identify different neuromuscular diseases.

PICMG/P.R.C年会召开在即 ATCA成关注焦点

2006年的PICMG/P.R.C年会召开在即,ATCA的阵容无疑将会十分庞大,那么什么才是今年ATCA的主旋律呢?是标准。

基于气象要素修正的逐时总辐射模型研究——以西安地区为例

该文引入逐时气象要素对分解模型进行修正,针对C.P.R模型,提出一种基于日照时数、温度以及相对湿度的多气象要素修正模型。基于西安2015年10月1日—2017年7月31日观测数据,分析3种天气类型下模型修正前、后的计算误差,结果显示多气象要素修正模型的各项误差指标均低于未修正模型,且对于多云天气的修正效果最明显,平均可达2%。基于多气象要素的C.P.R修正模型考虑了气象及辐射观测数据现状,可为其他地区计算水平面逐时总辐射提供方法借鉴。

不同水灰比对砌筑水泥强度检验结果的影响

在全面取消复合硅酸盐32.5R级水泥后,砌筑水泥32.5级开始大量生产并被广泛使用。以一起M 32.5级水泥抗压强度检验值超出误差范围的事件为例,介绍M 32.5级水泥与P·C32.5R水泥的不同之处,同时通过实验总结水灰比对M 32.5级水泥强度检验结果的影响。

Respect and Protection:A Review of the Implementation of the Law of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Rights and Interests of Women

JIANG Zemin, President of the People’s Republic of China, once said: "Respecting women and protecting women is an important sign of social progress. It should become a civilized society’s legal provision and moral concept." On October 1, 1992 the Law of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Rights and Interests of Women was put into effect, which was considered a major accomplishment for China and Chinese women. More than two years have passed since the implementation of the law. How well has the law

Publicizing the Law of the P.R.C.on the Protection of Rights and Interests of Women

More than 50,000 women in Qianxi County have learned about the law.

金银花的毛细管电泳指纹图谱研究

采用毛细管区带电泳法，以50mmol／L硼砂（含20mmol／L β-环糊精（CD），用磷酸调pH8．0）为背景电解质，运行电压12kV，紫外检测波长254nm，重力进样15 s（高度8．5cm），建市了金银花药材水提取液的毛细管电泳指纹图谱（CEFP）。将13个不同产地的金银花药材供试液的CEFP进行比较，以电泳峰出现率100％计，确定金银花的共有指纹峰为18个。该CEFP具有较好的精密度和重现性，分离效能高且成本低廉。提出了指纹图谱宏观含量相似度R、投影含量相似度C和定量相似度P的概念，可从总体上评价药材化学组分的整体含量情况。从两个方面评价各产地药材与对照CEFP间的总体相似性，合格药材应具备以下两个条件：（1）代表化学成分分布相似性的定性相似度（S）≥0．90；（2）描述药材整体化学成分含量的定量相似度（R，C，P，Q）应在80％～120％。以此二类相似度指标控制金银花的质量，建立了指纹图谱评价的又一新方法。

RP-HPLC法测定不同产地及采收期的穿心莲中穿心莲内酯、新穿心莲内酯的含量

采用反相高效液相色谱法测定穿心莲中穿心莲内酯、新穿心莲内酯的含量。色谱柱为 Ｍｅｒｃｋ Ｌｉｃｈｒｏｍａ Ｒ Ｐ Ｃ１８ 柱，流动相为乙腈水（３５∶６５） ，检测波长为２２５ ｎｍ ，流速为１ ｍｌｍｉｎ ，柱温４０ ℃，穿心莲内酯和新穿心莲内酯的加样回收率分别为１０２ ．６２ ％ 、９８ ．６ ％ ， Ｒ Ｓ Ｄ 分别为０ ．４８ ％ 、０ ．４７ ％ ，上述两成分在广东阳春和安徽临泉所产的穿心莲中含量较高，最佳采收期为开花盛期。

基于云模型的改进R=P×C风险评价法

由于工程的复杂性以及施工过程中的不确定性,准确评价工程风险的难度在不断增大。R=P×C风险定级法是一种能够综合考虑风险事件概率和后果的风险评估方法,但在评估过程中难以处理工程领域普遍存在的不确定性问题。本文提出了基于云模型的改进R=P×C风险评价方法。该方法通过云模型对评估中P和C存在的不确定性因素进行模拟分析;结合专家群决策对定性概念的模糊性和随机性进行有效集成,实现定性和定量相互间的转换;利用云模型的不确定性推理技术,统筹考虑风险事件本身及推理过程的不确定性,最终确定风险评价等级R的云模型;并运用到武汉地铁盾构施工风险评价中取得良好效果,可为同类复杂工程安全管理提供决策参考。

基于化学指纹图谱和抗血小板聚集效价的丹参质量评价

通过化学分析和生物活性评价考察丹参药材的品质差异,探讨丹参抗血小板聚集生物活性的主要贡献成分。采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术建立丹参药材HPLC指纹图谱,以抗血小板聚集相对效价作为指标,评价不同产地不同批次丹参药材的品质差异,构建基于化学表征及生物效价测定的评价模式。结果表明,不同批次丹参药材的HPLC指纹图谱相似度很高(相似度0.930~0.998),而其抗血小板聚集相对效价相差10倍,提示化学指纹图谱难以反映丹参的活性和质量差异。通过化学指纹图谱与抗血小板聚集生物效价进行谱效相关分析,筛选出与生物活性相关系数大于0.5的6个色谱峰:二氢丹参酮Ⅰ、隐丹参酮、丹参酮Ⅰ、丹参酮ⅡA及2个未知化合物。对上述4种已知化合物单体进行活性验证发现,隐丹参酮的抗血小板聚集活性最强,而其它3种丹参酮类化合物几乎没有体外抗血小板聚集活性。进一步比较丹参中高含量成分丹酚酸B与低含量成分隐丹参酮的活性贡献,结果表明,两者的活性贡献基本相当,说明隐丹参酮是丹参中低含量高活性成分,对评价丹参质量具有重要贡献度。

营销组合4P范式的不可替代性

营销组合范式从4P发展至4C、4R,引起学者的热烈反应和广泛讨论。在前人研究的基础上,将4P、4C、4R从产品、定价、渠道、促销四个方面进行对比,得出4P理论是具有实操性的营销组合工具,能为消费者提供实际的价值方案,更符合营销工具的实质,是营销学不可替代的理论根基。

恶性B淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤克隆性重排检测研究

目的 对恶性 Ｂ淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤进行克隆性研究。方法 用免疫组化法标记筛选恶性 Ｂ淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤，用针对 Ｉｇ Ｈ 单轮扩增引物进行多聚酶链反应扩增检测克隆性基因重排。结果 在 １２６ 例恶性 Ｂ细胞性淋巴瘤中，免疫组化标记与 Ｉｇ Ｈ 基因克隆性重排符合率为 ９７％ ，其中， Ｉｇ Ｈ 基因克隆性重排阳性 ８３ 例（６６％ ），３ 例见 Ｔ Ｃ Ｒβ交叉阳性，在 １ 例病理诊断为颈淋巴结反应性增生病例中出现 Ｉｇ Ｈ克隆性重排，在其它 ２２ 例非淋巴组织和良性淋巴组织疾患中均未见阳性。在 １８ 例临床诊断有争议的病例中１１ 例出现 Ｉｇ Ｈ 克隆性重排。结论 克隆性重排检测对恶性 Ｂ淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤有一定的辅助诊断作用。

色谱指纹图谱定性相似度和定量相似度的比较研究

以药材栀子为例,对中药色谱指纹图谱定性相似度和定量相似度的宏观评价方法进行比较研究。用栀子对照药材和不同产地的栀子药材的HPLC指纹图谱实验结果,分别从化学成分分布相似性和含量相似性两个方面评价各产地药材与对照指纹图谱的相似性。以对照药材供试液不同进样量时获得的数据比较定性和定量相似度差异。提出了指纹图谱比率定性相似度SF′,投影含量相似度C%、定量相似度P%和平均质量百分数M%等一系列概念。结果显示,表征化学成分分布相似性的定性相似度不能揭示含量性质,只有在定性相似度合格基础上,定量相似度合格的药材才能满足生产和实际需要。可见,定性相似度和定量相似度的密切结合是用指纹图谱宏观控制药材质量的最佳方法。

专业认证标准下病理生理学融Sandwich形式案例教学应用探索

目的:探讨临床医学专业认证标准下,融Sandwich形式案例教学模式在临床医学专业病理生理学教学实践中的应用效果.方法:将临床医学专业本科班学生随机分为2组,分别应用融Sandwich形式案例教学(实验组)和传统教学(对照组),课程结束时分别进行笔试和问卷,比较每组教学成绩的差异及学生对融Sandwich形式案例教学的看法.结果:实验组学生病案分析题成绩明显优于对照组,学生对教学效果的满意赞同率达80%以上.结论:在专业认证标准指导下,融Sandwich形式案例教学新模式可以提高病理生理学教学效果,有助于培养学生自主学习及临床实践能力.