Single-port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) is implemented through a tailored minimal single incision through which a number of laparoscopic instruments access. Introduction of operation-customized port system, utilizatio...Single-port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) is implemented through a tailored minimal single incision through which a number of laparoscopic instruments access. Introduction of operation-customized port system, utilization of a camera without a separate external light, and instruments with different lengths has brought the favorable environment for SPLS. However, performing SPLS still creates several hardships compared to multiport laparoscopic surgery; a single-port system inevitably leads to clashing of surgical instruments due to crowding. To overcome such difficulties, investigators has developed novel concepts and maneuvers, including the concept of inverse triangulation and the maneuvers of pivoting, spreading out dissection, hanging suture, and transluminal traction. The final destination of SPLS is expected to be a completely seamless operation, maximizing the minimal invasiveness. Specimen extraction through the umbilicus can undermine cosmesis by inducing a larger incision. Therefore, hybrid laparoscopic technique, which combined laparoscopic surgical technique with natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) - i.e., transvaginal or transanal route-, has been developed. SPLS and NOSE seemed to be the best combination in pursuit of minimal invasiveness. In the near future, robotic SPLS with natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery’s way of specimen extraction seems to be pursued. It is expected to provide a completely or nearly complete seamless operation regardless of location of the lesion in the abdomen.展开更多
Thanks to the recent improvements in video-assisted thoracoscopic techniques （VATS） and anesthetic procedures, a great deal of complex lung resections can be performed avoiding open surgery. The experience gained th...Thanks to the recent improvements in video-assisted thoracoscopic techniques （VATS） and anesthetic procedures, a great deal of complex lung resections can be performed avoiding open surgery. The experience gained through VATS techniques, enhancement of the surgical instruments ,improvement of high definition cameras and avoidance of intubated general anesthesia have been the greatest advances to minimize the trauma to the patient. Uniportal VATS for major resections has become a revolution in the treatment of lung pathologies since initially described 4 years ago. The huge number of surgical videos posted on specialized websites, live surgery events and experimental courses has contributed to the rapid learning of uniportal major thoracoscopic surgery during the last years. The future of the thoracic surgery is based on evolution of surgical procedures and anesthetic techniques to try to reduce the trauma to the patient. Further development of new technologies probably will focus on sealing devices for all vessels and fissure, refined staplers and instruments, improvements in 3D systems or wireless cameras, and robotic surgery. As thoracoscopic techniques continue to evolve exponentially, we can see the emergence of new approaches in the anesthetical and the perioperative management of these patients. Advances in anesthesia include lobectomies performed without the employment of general anesthesia, through maintaining spontaneous ventilation, and with minimally sedated patients. Uniportal VATS resections under spontaneous ventilation probably represent the least invasive approach to operate lung cancer.展开更多
目的探讨B型超声引导下椎旁阻滞辅助全身麻醉对老年患者腔镜肺叶切除术后认知功能及早期恢复质量的影响。方法选取行腔镜肺叶切除术的老年患者100例,根据随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各50例。对照组行全身麻醉,观察组行B型超声引导...目的探讨B型超声引导下椎旁阻滞辅助全身麻醉对老年患者腔镜肺叶切除术后认知功能及早期恢复质量的影响。方法选取行腔镜肺叶切除术的老年患者100例,根据随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各50例。对照组行全身麻醉,观察组行B型超声引导下椎旁阻滞辅助全身麻醉。比较2组简易精神状态检查表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)评分、静息时与咳嗽时疼痛视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、手术相关指标、恢复质量及不良反应发生情况。结果麻醉后,2组MMSE评分均呈先降低后升高趋势,观察组变化幅度较小,组间、时点间、组间·时点间交互作用差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组静息时、咳嗽时VAS评分呈先升高再降低趋势,对照组呈逐渐降低趋势,观察组静息时、咳嗽时VAS评分低于对照组,组间、时点间、组间·时点间交互作用差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组苏醒室停留时间、拔管时间、进食时间、下床活动时间、住院时间均显著短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组疼痛、生理自理能力、心理、身体舒适度、情绪状态评分均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论B型超声引导下椎旁阻滞辅助全身麻醉能够有效改善腔镜肺叶切除术后老年患者的认知功能,提高其早期恢复质量。展开更多
Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) have rapidly gained pace worldwide, potentially replacing conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) as the preferre...Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) have rapidly gained pace worldwide, potentially replacing conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) as the preferred colorectal surgery technique. Currently available data mainly consist of retrospective series analyzed in four meta-analyses. Despite conflicting results and lack of an objective comparison, SILS appears to offer cosmetic advantages over CLS. However, due to conflicting results and marked heterogeneity, present data fail to show significant differences in terms of operative time, postoperative morbidity profiles, port-site complications rates, oncological appropriateness, duration of hospitalization or cost when comparing SILS with conventional laparoscopy for colorectal procedures. The application of “pure” NOTES in humans remains limited to case reports because of unresolved issues concerning the ideal access site, distant organ reach, spatial orientation and viscera closure. Alternatively, minilaparoscopy-assisted natural orifice surgery techniques are being developed. The transanal “down-to-up” total mesorectum excision has been derived for transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) and represents the most encouraging NOTES-derived technique. Preliminary experiences demonstrate good oncological and functional short-term outcomes. Large-scale randomized controlled trials are now mandatory to confirm the long-term SILS results and validate transanal TEM for the application of NOTES in humans.展开更多
文摘Single-port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) is implemented through a tailored minimal single incision through which a number of laparoscopic instruments access. Introduction of operation-customized port system, utilization of a camera without a separate external light, and instruments with different lengths has brought the favorable environment for SPLS. However, performing SPLS still creates several hardships compared to multiport laparoscopic surgery; a single-port system inevitably leads to clashing of surgical instruments due to crowding. To overcome such difficulties, investigators has developed novel concepts and maneuvers, including the concept of inverse triangulation and the maneuvers of pivoting, spreading out dissection, hanging suture, and transluminal traction. The final destination of SPLS is expected to be a completely seamless operation, maximizing the minimal invasiveness. Specimen extraction through the umbilicus can undermine cosmesis by inducing a larger incision. Therefore, hybrid laparoscopic technique, which combined laparoscopic surgical technique with natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) - i.e., transvaginal or transanal route-, has been developed. SPLS and NOSE seemed to be the best combination in pursuit of minimal invasiveness. In the near future, robotic SPLS with natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery’s way of specimen extraction seems to be pursued. It is expected to provide a completely or nearly complete seamless operation regardless of location of the lesion in the abdomen.
文摘Thanks to the recent improvements in video-assisted thoracoscopic techniques （VATS） and anesthetic procedures, a great deal of complex lung resections can be performed avoiding open surgery. The experience gained through VATS techniques, enhancement of the surgical instruments ,improvement of high definition cameras and avoidance of intubated general anesthesia have been the greatest advances to minimize the trauma to the patient. Uniportal VATS for major resections has become a revolution in the treatment of lung pathologies since initially described 4 years ago. The huge number of surgical videos posted on specialized websites, live surgery events and experimental courses has contributed to the rapid learning of uniportal major thoracoscopic surgery during the last years. The future of the thoracic surgery is based on evolution of surgical procedures and anesthetic techniques to try to reduce the trauma to the patient. Further development of new technologies probably will focus on sealing devices for all vessels and fissure, refined staplers and instruments, improvements in 3D systems or wireless cameras, and robotic surgery. As thoracoscopic techniques continue to evolve exponentially, we can see the emergence of new approaches in the anesthetical and the perioperative management of these patients. Advances in anesthesia include lobectomies performed without the employment of general anesthesia, through maintaining spontaneous ventilation, and with minimally sedated patients. Uniportal VATS resections under spontaneous ventilation probably represent the least invasive approach to operate lung cancer.
文摘目的探讨B型超声引导下椎旁阻滞辅助全身麻醉对老年患者腔镜肺叶切除术后认知功能及早期恢复质量的影响。方法选取行腔镜肺叶切除术的老年患者100例,根据随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各50例。对照组行全身麻醉,观察组行B型超声引导下椎旁阻滞辅助全身麻醉。比较2组简易精神状态检查表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)评分、静息时与咳嗽时疼痛视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、手术相关指标、恢复质量及不良反应发生情况。结果麻醉后,2组MMSE评分均呈先降低后升高趋势,观察组变化幅度较小,组间、时点间、组间·时点间交互作用差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组静息时、咳嗽时VAS评分呈先升高再降低趋势,对照组呈逐渐降低趋势,观察组静息时、咳嗽时VAS评分低于对照组,组间、时点间、组间·时点间交互作用差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组苏醒室停留时间、拔管时间、进食时间、下床活动时间、住院时间均显著短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组疼痛、生理自理能力、心理、身体舒适度、情绪状态评分均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论B型超声引导下椎旁阻滞辅助全身麻醉能够有效改善腔镜肺叶切除术后老年患者的认知功能,提高其早期恢复质量。
文摘Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) have rapidly gained pace worldwide, potentially replacing conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) as the preferred colorectal surgery technique. Currently available data mainly consist of retrospective series analyzed in four meta-analyses. Despite conflicting results and lack of an objective comparison, SILS appears to offer cosmetic advantages over CLS. However, due to conflicting results and marked heterogeneity, present data fail to show significant differences in terms of operative time, postoperative morbidity profiles, port-site complications rates, oncological appropriateness, duration of hospitalization or cost when comparing SILS with conventional laparoscopy for colorectal procedures. The application of “pure” NOTES in humans remains limited to case reports because of unresolved issues concerning the ideal access site, distant organ reach, spatial orientation and viscera closure. Alternatively, minilaparoscopy-assisted natural orifice surgery techniques are being developed. The transanal “down-to-up” total mesorectum excision has been derived for transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) and represents the most encouraging NOTES-derived technique. Preliminary experiences demonstrate good oncological and functional short-term outcomes. Large-scale randomized controlled trials are now mandatory to confirm the long-term SILS results and validate transanal TEM for the application of NOTES in humans.
