Retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Bronchogenic cysts are rare developmental anomalies that belong to the category of congenital enterogenous cysts.They arise from lung buds and are present at birth.The embryonic foregut is their origin.Typically,they are located within the chest cavity,particularly in the cavum mediastinale of the thoracic cavity or lodged in the pulmonary parenchyma,and are considered a type of lung bud malformation.CASE SUMMARY A 49-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital due to the detection of a retroperitoneal mass during a physical examination.Two weeks before admission,the patient underwent a physical examination and routine laboratory tests,which revealed a space-occupying mass in the retroperitoneal region.The patient did not report any symptoms(such as abdominal pain,flatulence,nausea,vomiting,high fever,or chills).The computed tomography(CT)revealed a retroperitoneal spaceoccupying lesion with minimal enhancement and a CT value of approximately 36 Hounsfield units.The lesion was not delineated from the boundary of the pancreatic body and was closely related to the retroperitoneum locally.CONCLUSION Following a series of tests,an abdominal mass was identified,prompting the implementation of a laparoscopic retroperitoneal mass excision procedure.During the investigation,an 8 cm×7 cm cystic round-shaped mass with a distinct demarcation was identified in the upper posterior region of the pancreas.Subsequently,full resection of the mass was performed.Postoperative pathological examination reveled a cystic mass characterized by a smooth inner wall.The cystic mass was found to contain a white,viscous liquid within its capsule.

Retroperitoneal vs transperitoneal laparoscopic lithotripsy of 20-40 mm renal stones within horseshoe kidneys

BACKGROUND Horseshoe kidney(HK)with renal stones is challenging for urologists.Although both retroperitoneal and transperitoneal laparoscopic approaches have been reported in some case reports,the therapeutic outcome of retroperitoneal compared with transperitoneal laparoscopic lithotripsy is unknown.AIM To assess the efficacy of laparoscopic lithotripsy for renal stones in patients with HK.METHODS This was a retrospective study of 12 patients with HK and a limited number(n≤3)of 20-40 mm renal stones treated with either retroperitoneal or transperitoneal laparoscopic lithotripsy(June 2012 to May 2019).The perioperative data of both groups were compared including operation time,estimated blood loss,postoperative fasting time,perioperative complications and stone-free rate(SFR).RESULTS No significant difference was observed for age,gender,preoperative symptoms,body mass index,preoperative infection,hydronephrosis degree,largest stone diameter,stone number and isthmus thickness.The mean postoperative fasting time of the patients in the retroperitoneal group and the transperitoneal group was 1.29±0.49 and 2.40±0.89 d,respectively(P=0.019).There was no significant difference in operation time(194.29±102.48 min vs 151.40±39.54 min,P=0.399),estimated blood loss(48.57±31.85 m L vs 72.00±41.47 m L,P=0.292)and length of hospital stay(12.14±2.61 d vs 12.40±3.21 d,P=0.881)between the retroperitoneal and transperitoneal groups.All patients in both groups had a complete SFR and postoperative renal function was within the normal range.The change in estimated glomerular filtration rate(e GFR)from the preoperative stage to postoperative day 1 in the retroperitoneal group and the transperitoneal group was-3.86±0.69 and-2.20±2.17 m L/(min·1.73 m2),respectively(P=0.176).From the preoperative stage to the 3-mo follow-up,the absolute change in e GFR values for patients in the retroperitoneal group and the transperitoneal group was-3.29±1.11 and-2.40±2.07 m L/(min·1.73 m2),respectively(P=0.581).CONCLUSION Both retroperitoneal and transperitoneal laparoscopic lithotripsy seem to be safe and effective for HK patients with a limited number of 20-40 mm renal stones.

Retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for unilateral synchronous multifocal renal carcinoma with different pathological types:A case report

BACKGROUND The majority of renal cell carcinomas are single lesions;unilateral synchronous multifocal renal carcinoma(USMRC)is rarely reported and poses a treatment challenge for urological oncologists.CASE SUMMARY A 56-year-old man was hospitalized for pain and discomfort in the right kidney area for 6 d.Contrast-enhanced computed tomography demonstrated cT1a renal tumors at the lower pole of the right kidney and a cT1b renal tumor at the middle dorsal portion of the right kidney.The patient underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy(RLPN).There were no complications peri-operatively.Histopathology revealed a low-grade,pathologic stage T1a(pT1a),clear cell renal cell carcinoma at the lower pole of the right kidney and a pT1b,chromophobe renal cell carcinoma at the middle dorsal portion of the right kidney.No tumor bed recurrence or metastasis was observed on imaging and his renal function remained stable during the 12-mo follow-up period.CONCLUSION RLPN is a safe,effective,and feasible for the management of USMRC,which can obtain equivalent oncological results with optimal renal function preservation.

Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection versus open retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for testicular cancer:A comparison of clinical and perioperative outcomes

Objective:This study was performed to evaluate the clinical and perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection(L-RPLND)and open retroperitoneal lymph node dissection(O-RPLND)performed by one surgeon at a single center.Methods:We evaluated 30 patients with stage IIA germ cell tumors who underwent retroperitoneal lymph node dissection(15 underwent L-RPLND and 15 underwent O-RPLND)at our institution between April 1,2010 and March 31,2018.The clinical parameters were compared between patients who underwent L-RPLND using the retroperitoneal approach and those who underwent O-RPLND using the transperitoneal approach.There were no significant differences in the background characteristics of the two groups except for the median follow-up duration(46 months for L-RPLND and 71 months for O-RPLND,p=0.02).Results:L-RPLND was associated with a shorter mean operative time(mean 222 min for L-RPLND vs.453 min for O-RPLND,p<0.001).There was significantly less blood loss during surgery in the L-RPLND group compared to the O-RPLND group(mean 165 mL for L-RPLND vs.403 mL for O-RPLND,p<0.001).Parameters related to postoperative recovery were significantly better for the L-RPLND group than for the O-RPLND group.There were no differences in the histopathological characteristics between the two groups.No patients in either group exhibited disease recurrence.Conclusion:Patients who underwent L-RPLND had more rapid recovery,and shorter hospital stay compared to those who underwent O-RPLND;complications were comparable between the two groups.L-RPLND is an efficient procedure with the benefits of minimally invasive surgery.

Retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy for kidney tuberculosis

Objective To discuss the feasibility and safety of retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy for treatment of kidney tuberculosis. Methods From March 2005 to February 2009,28 patients with kidney tuberculosis underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy. The patients’ data were reviewed and analyzed. Results

Comparison of the postoperative trauma of the retroperitoneal laparoscopic intrasinusal pyelolithotomy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Objective: To study the postoperative trauma of the retroperitoneal laparoscopic intrasinusal pyelolithotomy (RLIP) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Methods: A total of 118 patients who were diagnosed with single pelvis calculus in Shanghai Punan Hospital of Pudong New District between September 2013 and February 2017 were selected and randomly divided into RLIP group and PCNL group who received retroperitoneal laparoscopic intrasinusal pyelolithotomy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy respectively. The removal of the stones was observed 1 week and 4 weeks after surgery, and 3mL of cubital venous blood was collected 3 d and 7 d after operation to detect the renal function indicators, inflammatory markers and stress indicators. Results: The stone removal success rate of RLIP group 1 week and 4 weeks after operation were significantly higher than those of PCNL group, serum BUN, Scr and Cys-C contents as well as eGFR levels were not significantly different between RLIP group and PCNL group 3 d and 7 d after operation, and serum Cor, NE, HSP70, NO, IL-6, hs-CRP, TNF-α and PGE2 contents of RLIP group 3 d and 7 d after operation were significantly lower than those of PCNL group. Conclusion: RLIP is significantly better than PCNL in stone removal and causes significantly less postoperative trauma than PCNL.

A Prospective Study Comparing Quality of Life and Cosmetic Results between Single-Port and Conventional Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Background: Multiple studies from the last five years have demonstrated that single-incision laparoscopic surgery cholecystectomy (SILS) is not only feasible but also produces a result comparable with that of conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CLC). Methods and results: In this bicentric study, we used the Short Form (36) (SF-36) and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) surveys to estimate and compare the post-operative quality of life up to the 28th post-operative day for 66 patients who had undergone either CLC (n = 32) or SILS (n = 34). Additionally, we investigated patient satisfaction with the cosmetic results after one year. The curves summarizing the eight sections in the physical sum scale and in the mental sum scale (SF-36) were the same within the confidence interval with a confidence level of 95%. Thus, post-operative quality of life could be assumed to be equivalent for the two groups. Evaluation of the NHP survey produced similar results. The perceived cosmetic results were significantly better for the SILS group (1.3 on a scale of 1 - 5 with 1 being the best) than for the CLC group (1.9) (p = 0.016). Conclusions: This study did not demonstrate better quality of life for the single-port procedure as it had been expected. Instead, the single-port procedure produced subjectively better cosmetic results.

Application of retroperitoneal laparoscopy and robotic surgery in complex adrenal tumors

As a surgical method for the treatment of adrenal surgical diseases,laparoscopy has the advantages of small trauma,short operation time,less bleeding,and fast postoperative recovery.It is considered as the gold standard for the treatment of adrenal surgical diseases.Retroperitoneal laparoscopy is widely used because it does not pass through the abdominal cavity,does not interfere with internal organs,and has little effect on gastrointestinal function.However,complex adrenal tumors have the characteristics of large volume,compression of adjacent tissues,and invasion of surrounding tissues,so they are rarely treated by retroperitoneal laparoscopy.In recent years,with the development of laparoscopic technology and the progress of surgical technology,robotic surgery has been gradually applied to the surgical treatment of complex adrenal tumors.This paper reviews the clinical application of retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery and robotic surgery in the treatment of complex adrenal tumors.

Feasibility of single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis

AIM: To assess the safety of single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy(SILC) for acute cholecystitis.METHODS: All patients who underwent SILC at Sano Hospital(Kobe, Japan) between January 2010 and December 2014 were included in this retrospective study. Clinical data related to patient characteristics and surgical outcomes were collected from medical records. The parameters for assessing the safety of the procedure included operative time, volume of blood loss, achievement of the critical view of safety, use of additional trocars, conversion to laparotomy, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and duration of postoperative hospital stay. Patient backgrounds were statistically compared between those with and without conversion to laparotomy.RESULTS: A total of 100 patients underwent SILC for acute cholecystitis during the period. Preoperative endoscopic treatment was performed for suspected choledocholithiasis in 41 patients(41%). The mean time from onset of acute cholecystitis was 7.7 d. According to the Updated Tokyo Guidelines(TG13) for the severity of cholecystitis, 86 and 14 patients had grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅱ acute cholecystitis, respectively. The mean operative time was 87.4 min. The mean estimated blood loss was 80.6 mL. The critical view of safety was obtained in 89 patients(89%). Conversion laparotomy was performed in 12 patients(12%). Postoperative complications of Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅲ or greater were observed in 4 patients(4%). The mean duration of postoperative hospital stay was 5.7 d. Patients converted from SILC to laparotomy tended to have higher days after onset.CONCLUSION: SILC is feasible for acute cholecystitis; in addition, early surgical intervention may reduce the risk of laparotomy conversion.

Single port laparoscopic liver surgery:A minireview

Nowadays,the trend is to perform surgeries with"scarless"incisions.In light of this,the single-port laparoscopic surgery(SPLS)technique is rapidly becoming widespread due to its lack of invasiveness and its cosmetic advantages,as the only entry point is usually hidden in the umbilicus.The interest in"scarless"liver resections did not grow as rapidly as the interest in other scarless surgeries.Hepatopancreatobiliary surgeons are reluctant to operate a malignant lesion through a narrowincision with limited exposure.There are concerns over adverse oncological outcomes for single-port laparoscopic liver resections(SPL-LR)for hepatocellular carcinoma or metastatic colorectal cancer.In addition,getting familiar with using the operating instruments through a narrow incision with limited exposure is very challenging.In this article,we reviewed the published literature to describe history,indications,contraindications,ideal patients for new beginners,technical difficulty,advantages,disadvantages,oncological concern and the future of SPL-LR.

Present laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer in Japan

In many clinical studies,laparoscopic surgery(LS) for colon cancer has been shown to be less invasive than open surgery(OS) while maintaining similar safety.Furthermore,there are no significant differences between LS and OS in long-term outcomes.Thus,LS has been accepted as one of the standard treatments for colon cancer.In the treatments of rectal cancer as well,LS has achieved favorable outcomes,with many reports showing long-term outcomes comparable to those of OS.Furthermore,the magnification in laparoscopy improves visualization in the pelvic cavity and facilitates precise manipulation,as well as providing excellent educational effects.For these reasons,rectal cancer has seemed to be well indicated for LS,as has been colon cancer.The indication for LS in the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer,which is relatively unresectable(e.g.,cancer invading other organs),remains an open issue.In recent years,new techniques such as singleport and robotic surgery have begun to be introduced for LS.Presently,various clinical studies in our country as well as in most Western countries have demonstrated that LS,with these new techniques,are gradually showing long-term outcomes.

Appendicitis with psoas abscess successfully treated by laparoscopic surgery

Although acute appendicitis is a common disease, retroperitoneal abscesses are rarely observed. Here, we report a case consisting of a psoas abscess and cutaneous fistula caused by appendicitis. The patient was a 56-year-old male who was introduced to our institution due to an intractable right psoas abscess. Imaging tests had been performed over the previous 3 years; however, clinicians could not find the origin of the abscess and failed to resolve the problem. A successful operation was performed via a laparoscopic approach, and 17 mo have passed without recurrence. The advantage of laparoscopic surgery is well understood in cases of appendicitis with abscesses. However, the indication for laparoscopic approach is not clear for retroperitoneal abscesses. From our experience, we can conclude that appendicitis with retroperitonealabscesses can be managed and treated using a laparoscopic approach.

Successful robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for giant renal hilum angiomyolipoma through the retroperitoneal approach: A case report

BACKGROUND Giant renal angiomyolipomas(AMLs)may lead to complications including flank pain,hematuria,hypertension,retroperitoneal hemorrhage and even death.Giant AMLs which grow around renal hilar vessels and the ureter are rare.Most previous reports on the treatment of giant renal AMLs have focused on open surgery or a transperitoneal approach,with few studies on the retroperitoneal approach for large AMLs.We here report a case of giant renal hilum AML successfully treated with robot-assisted laparoscopic nephron sparing surgery the retroperitoneal approach,with a one-year follow-up.CASE SUMMARY A 34-year-old female patient was diagnosed with renal AML 11 years ago and showed no discomfort.The tumor gradually increased in size to a giant AML over the years,which measured 63 mm×47 mm×90 mm and was wrapped around the right hilum.Therefore,a robotic laparoscopic partial nephrectomy(LPN)via the retroperitoneal approach was performed.The patient had no serious postoperative complications and was discharged soon after the operation.At the one-year follow-up,the patient's right kidney had recovered well.CONCLUSION Despite insufficient operating space via the retroperitoneal approach,LPN for giant central renal AMLs can be completed using a well-designed procedure with the assistance of a robotic system.

Single port laparoscopic hysterectomy: Feasibility and safety

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of single-port laparoscopic hysterectomy comparing with multi-port laparoscopic hysterectomy in treatment of benign uterine diseases. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively by review of the medical records of 252 patients who underwent multi-port or single-port laparoscopic surgery for treatment of benign gynecologic diseases. Laparoscopy assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) was performed for single-port surgery and LAVH and total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) were performed for multi-port surgery. Demographic variables were collected and analyzed by independent t-test and Pearson Chi-Square test. The primary outcome was analyzed by independent t-test and Fisher’s Exact test. Results: A longer operative time was observed in the multi-port surgery group compared with that of the single-port group (p < 0.05). No difference with respect to change of Hemoglobin between the preoperative level and that of the postoperative first day, the number of days from the operation to discharge, uterine weight, and the rate of laparotomy conversion and complications were observed between the two groups. Conclusion: Single-port laparoscopic hysterectomy for treatment of benign uterine diseases is a safe and feasible method.

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: A comparison of approaches to the posterior renal mass

AIM: To evaluate outcomes of robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy performed for posterior renal tumors via a transperitoneal or retroperitoneal approach.METHODS: Retrospective review was performed for patients who underwent robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy(RALPN) for a posterior renal tumor between 2009-2015. Patient demographic characteristics, operative factors, pathology, oncologic outcomes, renal function, and tumor complexity were obtained. Radius of the tumor, exophytic/endophytic properties of the tumor, nearness of tumor to the collecting system, anterior/posterior position, location relative to the polar line(RENAL) nephrometry scores were calculated. nephrometry scores were calculated. The operative approach was determined by the primary surgeon. RESULTS: A total of 91 patients were identified who underwent RALPN for a posterior renal tumor. Fifty-four procedures were performed via the retroperitoneal(RP) approach, and 37 via the transperitoneal(TP) approach. There were no significant differences in patient factors(race, sex, age and body mass index), RENAL nephrometry scores, tumor size, conversion rates, or margin status. Among procedures performed on-clamp, therewas no significant difference in warm ischemia times. Total operative time(180.7 min for RP vs 227.8 min for TP, P < 0.001), robotic console time(126.9 min for RP vs 164.3 min for TP, P < 0.001), and median estimated blood loss(32.5 m L for RP vs 150 mL for TP, P < 0.001) were significantly lower via the RP approach. Off-clamp RALPN was performed for 31(57.4%) of RP procedures vs 9(24.3%) of TP procedures. Oncologic and renal functional outcomes were equivalent.CONCLUSION: The RP approach to RALPN for posterior renal tumors is superior with regard to operative time and blood loss and the ability to be performed off-clamp.

Single-site laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: Where are we going?

AIM:To review an evolution of laparoscopic surgery,there has been a growing interest in laparoendoscopic single-site surgery(LESS).METHODS:A comprehensive electronic literature search was conducted using PubM ed database to identify all publications relating to LESS-partial nephrectomy(PN).The research includes articles published from April 2008 to January 2014.We focused our attention only on articles in which were cited the single-site surgical technique(laparoscopic and robotic),tumour stage and grade,mean tumour size,intraoperative variables,blood loss and transfusion rate,length of postoperative stay and complication rates,Clavien classification,positive of surgical margins,pain assessment at discharge.RESULTS:A total of 9 studies were collected with 221patients included.The mean patients age was 62 years.The mean tumor size was 2.35 cm with a mean operative time of 181 min(range 111-270 min)and 58.3%were done by robot.The mean ischemia time was 23.6min.The 25.8%of patients underwent an unclamp LESS-PN.Mean estimated blood loss was 296 mL and median length of hospital stay was 4 d.The rate of severe post-operative complications(≥Clavien gradeⅢ)was 5.4%.Not all surgical series of LESS-PN or Robotic-LESS-PN shows conversion in Multiport Laparoscopic or Open Surgery.Regarding oncologic outcomes,surgical margins were positive 4%of patients(9/221),no distant or port-site metastases were recorded.CONCLUSION:LESS-PN and RLESS-PN are feasible and associated with reduced postoperative pain,shorter median hospital stay,shorter recovery time,and better cosmetic satisfaction without compromising surgical and oncological safety.

双侧腹膜后途径治疗左肾癌伴0b级静脉癌栓手术运用体会

目的探讨腹腔镜下双侧腹膜后途径治疗左肾细胞癌伴0b级(301分级,癌栓超过肠系膜上动脉、未进入下腔静脉)静脉癌栓手术方式的技术要点及临床价值,并对其进行初步经验总结。方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2022年4月收治的14例左侧肾细胞癌伴0b级静脉癌栓患者的临床资料。术前行MRI、CT检查明确癌栓的位置,均为左肾静脉0b级癌栓。所有患者均经双侧腹膜后途径行腹腔镜肾癌根治术及癌栓剥除术治疗。结果所有手术均成功,无中转开放,手术时间(155.15±21.01)min,术中出血量(115.71±74.26)ml,术后住院天数中位数为5.50(IQR:5.00,6.25)d,术后引流管拔除时间中位数为3.00(IQR:3.00,4.00)d,术后平均排气时间中位数为1.50(IQR:1.00,2.00)d,术后视觉模拟评分中位数为3.00(IQR:2.75,4.00)分。结论双侧腹膜后途径的手术方式在完成治疗目的的同时,降低手术出血风险及并发症,达到快速康复的目的,是有效的处理方式。

腋前线切口在肥胖患者后腹腔镜肾根治切除术中的应用

目的 探讨腋前线切口在肥胖患者后腹腔镜肾根治切除术中的应用技巧及临床价值。方法 回顾性分析2015年9月至2022年9月于我院行后腹腔镜肾根治切除术的49例肥胖患者的临床资料,并分为改良组(16例)和传统组(33例)。改良组患者常规放置3枚套管后添加腋前线辅助套管进行手术;传统组患者常规放置3枚套管实施手术。比较2组患者的手术情况及术后恢复情况。结果 2组患者的术中失血量、肾测量最大横径比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与传统组比较,改良组患者的手术时间、切口长度、下床活动时间、引流管留置时间及术后住院时间更短/早,术后应用镇痛药物、术后3个月切口感觉异常与切口局部肌肉膨出的患者比例更小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 肥胖患者后腹腔镜肾根治切除术于腋前线添加辅助套管,可以锁定切口起止点,便于助手进行辅助操作,可提升手术流畅度,缩短手术时间,且不增加手术并发症;选择腋前线切口取出肾标本具有保护肌肉、神经,减轻术后切口疼痛及并发症,愈合良好的优点。

经腹腔入路与经腹膜后入路行腹腔镜肾部分切除术治疗肾肿瘤的效果比较

目的比较经腹腔与经腹膜后入路行腹腔镜肾部分切除术治疗肾肿瘤的临床效果。方法选取2020年1月至2022年12月于我院行腹腔镜肾部分切除治疗的86例肾肿瘤患者,以手术入路方式不同分成腹膜后入路组(n=43)和腹腔入路组(n=43)。比较两组患者的围手术期指标、并发症发生率及生活质量。结果腹膜后入路组手术时间、肠道恢复时间、住院时间均短于腹腔入路组,术中出血量低于腹腔入路组(P<0.05)。腹膜后入路组术后并发症发生率为6.98%,低于腹腔入路组的23.26%(P<0.05)。术后1个月,两组的WHOQOL-BREF评分均升高,且腹膜后入路组WHOQOL-BREF评分高于腹腔入路组(P<0.05)。结论与经腹腔入路相比,经腹膜后入路行腹腔镜肾部分切除术治疗肾肿瘤的手术创伤更小,可加速肾肿瘤患者术后恢复,明显降低并发症发生率,提升生活质量。

后腹腔镜下肾部分切除术治疗T1期肾癌的临床疗效分析

目的分析后腹腔镜下肾部分切除术治疗T1期肾癌的临床疗效。方法选取2018年3月—2022年7月本院T1期肾癌患者86例为研究对象,并按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组43例。其中,对照组采用后腹腔镜根治性肾切除术,观察组采用后腹腔镜下肾部分切除术。对比两组围手术期情况、肾功能[尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)]、并发症发生率、远期疗效(局部复发、远处转移)。结果两组术后引流管拔出时间、术后进食时间对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组手术时间较对照组长,术中出血量较对照组多,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后6个月,观察组BUN、Scr较对照组低,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组并发症发生率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组局部复发率、远处转移率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论后腹腔镜下肾部分切除术治疗T1期肾癌患者,会一定程度延长手术时间、增加术中出血量,但未明显增加手术风险和局部复发、远处转移风险,且对远期肾功能影响更小,利于改善预后。