Scattering of Water Waves by Dual Symmetric Inclined Floating Porous Barriers Using the DBEM

The scattering of normally incident water waves by two surface-piercing inclined perforated barriers in water with a uniform finite depth is investigated within the framework of linear water wave theory.Considering that thin barriers are zero-thickness,a novel numerical method involving the the coupling of the dual boundary element method(DBEM)with damping layers is applied.In order to effectively damp out the reflected waves,two damping layers,instead of pseudoboundaries are implemented near the two side boundaries of the computational domain.Thus,the modified linearized free surface boundary conditions are formulated and used for solving both the ordinary boundary integral equation as well as the hypersingular boundary integral equation for degenerate boundaries.The newly developed numerical method is validated against analytical methods using the matched eigenfunction expansion method for the special case of two vertical barriers or the inclined angle to the vertical being zero.The influence of the length of the two damping layers has been discussed.Moreover,these findings are also validated against previous results for several cases.After validation,the numerical results for the reflection coefficient,transmission coefficient and dissipation coefficient are obtained by varying the inclination angle and porosity-effect parameter.The effects of both the inclination angle and the porosity on the amplitudes of wave forces acting on both the front and rear barriers are also investigated.It is found that the effect of the inclination angle mainly shifts the location of the extremal values of the reflection and the transmission coefficients.Additionally,a moderate value of the porosity-parameter is quite effective at dissipating wave energy and mitigating the wave loads on dual barriers.

Study on washability of microcrystal graphite using float-sink tests

This article presented an experimental research on washability of microcrystal graphite using float-sink tests.Chemical and X-ray analyses showed that graphite,semi-graphite,meta-anthracite,and anthracite existed together in this microcrystal graphite sample;and the intergrowth relationship between microcrystal graphite and gangues was very complicated based on optical mineralogy research.The results of float-sink tests revealed that:for the-25+0.5 mm size fraction,about 68%(by weight)of microcrystal graphite was obtained at the density of 2.0 g/cm^3.and the float product met the standard of commercial grade W65;for the-0.5 mm size fraction,58%(by weight)of microcrystal graphite was floated at the density of 2.0 g/cm^3,which met the standard of commercial grade W70.It can be concluded that microcrystal graphite may be upgraded by dense media separation(DMS)providing a float product using as the raw materials of casting or refractories.

An Integrated Structural Strength Analysis Method for Spar Type Floating Wind Turbine

An integrated structural strength analysis method for a Spar type floating wind turbine is proposed in this paper,and technical issues related to turbine structure modeling and stress combination are also addressed.The NREL-5MW ＂Hywind＂ Spar type wind turbine is adopted as study object.Time-domain dynamic coupled simulations are performed by a fully-coupled aero-hydro-servo-elastic tool,FAST,on the purpose of obtaining the dynamic characteristics of the floating wind turbine,and determining parameters for design load cases of finite element calculation.Then design load cases are identified,and finite element analyses are performed for these design load cases.The structural stresses due to wave-induced loads and wind-induced loads are calculated,and then combined to assess the structural strength of the floating wind turbine.The feasibility of the proposed structural strength analysis method for floating wind turbines is then validated.

A Novel Dynamics Analysis Method for Spar-Type Floating Offshore Wind Turbine

The dynamic behavior of floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) is crucial for its design and optimization. A novel dynamics analysis method for the spar-type FOWT system is proposed in this paper based on the theorem of moment of momentum and the Newton’s second law. The full nonlinearity of the equations of motion (EOMs) and the full nonlinear coupling between external loads and the motions are preserved in this method. Compared with the conventional methods, this method is more transparent and it can be applied directly to the large-amplitude rotation cases. An in-house code is developed to implement this method. The capability of in-house code is verified by comparing its simulation results with those predicted by FAST. Based on the in-house code, the dynamic responses of a spar-type FOWT system are investigated under various conditions.

Rapid prediction of floating and sinking components of raw coal

A model that rapidly predicts the density components of raw coal is described.It is based on a threegrade fast float/sink test.The recent comprehensive monthly floating and sinking data are used for comparison.The predicted data are used to draw washability curves and to provide a rapid evaluation of the effect from heavy medium induced separation.Thirty-one production shifts worth of fast float/sink data and the corresponding quick ash data are used to verify the model.The results show a small error with an arithmetic average of 0.53 and an absolute average error of 1.50.This indicates that this model has high precision.The theoretical yield from the washability curves is 76.47% for the monthly comprehensive data and 81.31% using the model data.This is for a desired cleaned coal ash of 9%.The relative error between these two is 6.33%,which is small and indicates that the predicted data can be used to rapidly evaluate the separation effect of gravity separation equipment.

Numerical Investigations on Transient Behaviours of Two 3-D Freely Floating Structures by Using a Fully Nonlinear Method

在靠近的最近的二漂浮结构很通常在近海的设计被看见。他们经常受到陡峭的波浪并且因此，他们的水动力学特征上的短暂效果担心大。这份报纸使用伪任意的 Lagrangian-Eulerian 有限元素方法(QALE女性)基于充分非线性的潜在的理论( FNPT )，组织自由( DOF )的度数字地调查在二 3-D 漂浮之间的相互作用，它与 6 经历运动，并且与不同事件角度受到波浪。漂浮的结构，伴随的结构的效果，和运动和波浪上的非线性的短暂行为结构上的负担是学习的主要焦点。调查揭示一引起更加更大的结构的重要短暂效果处于稳定的状态比那打手势。结果也显示在靠近的最近的伴随的结构在引起第二顺序部件具有到基本的类似的意义的更强壮的非线性提高在不同运动模式和结果之间的相互作用。

Computer simulation of Cu:AlOOH/water in a microchannel heat sink using a porous media technique and solved by numerical analysis AGM and FEM

Extensive improvements in small-scale thermal systems in electronic circuits,automotive industries,and microcomputers conduct the study of microsystems as essential.Flow and thermic field characteristics of the coherent nanofluid-guided microchannel heat sink are described in this perusal.The porous media approximate was used to search the heat distribution in the expanded sheet and Cu:γ-AlOOH/water.A hybrid blend of Boehme copper and aluminum nanoparticles is evaluated to have a cooling effect on the microchannel heat sink.By using Akbari Ganji and finite element methods,linear and non-linear differential equations as well as simple dimensionless equations have been analyzed.The purpose of this study is to investigate the fluid and thermal parameters of copper hybrid solution added to water,such as Nusselt number and Darcy number so that we can reach the best cooling of the fluid.Also,by installing a piece of fin on the wall of the heat sink,the coefficient of conductive heat transfer and displacement heat transfer with the surrounding air fluid increases,and the efficiency of the system increases.The overall results show that expanding values on the NP(series heat transfer fluid system maximizes performance with temperatures)volume division of copper,as well as boehmite alumina particles,lead to a decrease within the stream velocity of the Cu:AlOOH/water.Increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles in the hybrid mixture decreases the temperature of the solid surface and the hybrid nanofluid.The Brownian movement improves as the volume percentage of nanoparticles in the hybrid mixture grows,spreading the heat across the environment.As a result,heat transmission rates rise.As the Darcy number increases,the thermal field for solid sections and Cu:AlOOH/water improves.

Wave Radiation by a Floating Body in Water of Finite Depth Using an Exact DtN Boundary Condition

The present paper focuses on the wave radiation by an oscillating body with six degrees of freedom by using the DtN artifi-cial boundary condition.The artificial boundary is usually selected as a circle or spherical surface to solve various types of fields,such as sound waves or electromagnetic waves,provided that the considered domain is infinite or unbounded in all directions.However,the substantial wave motion is considered in water of finite depth,that is,the fluid domain is bounded vertically but unbounded horizon-tally.Thus,the DtN boundary condition is given on an artificial cylindrical surface,which divides the water domain into an interior and exterior region.The boundary integral equation is adopted to implement the present model.In the case of a floating cylinder,the results of hydrodynamic coefficients of a chamfer box are discussed.

城市轨道交通浮置板轨道纵向联板的动力效应分析

城市轨道交通浮置板轨道纵向联结处存在薄弱环节,轨道设计时对板与板纵向联结的动态效应考虑不足。通过引入等效密度及等效地基系数的方法对钢弹簧浮置板轨道系统板下基础进行合理的模型简化,建立了预制式和现浇式浮置板系统振动特性三维有限元分析模型,充分考虑了钢轨、剪力铰和板下基础对浮置板结构振动特性的影响,研究了浮置板轨道系统模态与谐响应特性,分析了浮置板纵向联结处的动力效应特性。结果表明:浮置板轨道在1~200 Hz低频段的模态振型变化主要表现为四种运动方式:刚体运动、弯曲、弯扭组合和扭转;对于预制板轨道系统,浮置板主导整个系统的振动特性表现的频段在系统模态分析和谐响应分析中表现出一致的规律;对于现浇板轨道系统,当频率为32.6~57.8 Hz时,浮置板对系统振动特性的主导作用弱化,表现为过渡频段;浮置板联板动力效应产生的低阶弯曲模态在预制板系统中表现为刚体运动模态;对于由Ns块板组成的浮置板系统,联板效应引起的单块板每阶弯曲模态频率附近的附加模态数为N_(s)/2-1。

钻井法凿井气-液-固耦合排渣流场及刀盘吸渣口优化

针对西部地区侏罗系地层煤矿立井钻井法施工中出现的气举反循环洗井排渣与钻进效率低下问题,以陕西可可盖煤矿中央回风立井ϕ4.2 m超前钻井为工程背景,基于CFD-DEM(计算流体力学和离散单元法耦合)研究方法,建立了气-液-固多相耦合排渣数值模型,揭示了排渣管内、井底流场的速度及压力分布规律,并基于自研的气举反循环排渣试验装置,采用PIV(粒子图像测速法)测试技术对流场分布的正确性进行验证;提出了优化刀盘吸渣口评判指标和方法,对吸渣口的数量、长径比、面积比、总面积占比进行优化,得到了超前钻头刀盘吸渣口布置的最佳方式和相关参数;讨论了钻头转速、注气量、风管没入比和泥浆黏度等主要因素对排渣流场的影响。研究结果表明:(1)排渣管内流体的运移以轴向流动为主,且途经注气端时,流速发生跳跃式剧增;井底流体的运移主要以水平流动为主,流体的垂直上返仅存在于吸渣口附近;井底流体的水平流动以切向流动为主,径向流动仅在吸渣口两侧较为明显,且远离吸渣口处,径流速度较小易产生岩屑沉积;(2)当刀盘吸渣口数量为2,长径比为0.4,面积比为1,总面积占比为1.94%时,吸渣口的布置方式最佳,且清渣率较现行吸渣口布置方式提高66%;(3)增大钻头转速可显著增强吸渣口的吸附作用,注气量、风管没入比与井底和排渣管内流体的轴向速度均呈正相关关系,低黏、低密度的泥浆易获取高流速,但携岩能力较差。研究结果可为破解侏罗系地层深大立井钻井法洗井排渣与钻进效率低下技术难题,提供有益的理论参考。

森林碳汇的碳资产价值评估方法

森林碳汇是实现碳中和的重要途径之一,如何评价其经济价值是重要的理论与现实问题。文章将碳资产价值理论引入森林碳汇领域,提出一种评估森林碳汇碳资产价值及分析其影响因素敏感性的方法,继而通过实例估计某森林碳汇项目碳资产价值的合理值,并对该项目碳资产价值的影响因素进行敏感性分析。研究表明:(1)森林碳汇具有较高的、可度量的碳资产价值;(2)碳资产理论能够为森林碳汇经济价值的评估和计量提供一种新的方法;(3)森林碳汇的经济价值主要取决于项目碳汇量和碳汇价格,与碳汇价格变动相比,项目碳汇量变动对森林碳汇碳资产价值具有更大的影响。

基于就医活动推断的老年人公交就医可达性研究

为准确评估老年人公交就医出行的实际可达性,本文基于老年卡数据构建公交出行链,提出基于公交出行链的老年人就医活动推断方法,获取老年人的实际就医出行需求和出行时间。引入公交实时到站数据以反映公交实际运营水平对就医可达性的影响,构建面向出行全过程的实际出行成本矩阵,包括等候时间、乘车时间、换乘时间。考虑不同医院服务供给能力差异构建综合服务能力指标,引入分级服务半径和高斯距离衰减函数,提出基于改进两步移动搜索法的老年人公交就医可达性计算方法。以北京市六环内区域为例进行实证分析,结果表明:老年人公交就医可达性整体呈现由中心向外围递减的趋势,在城市外围区域其分布也存在空间异质性,五环路外的东部和西部区域可达性较好,而北部、东北部区域的可达性相对较差;各区域高峰时段的平均可达性均明显低于平峰时段的平均可达性。本文可为提升老年人就医出行可达性和公交系统适老化水平提供支撑。

FPSO外输软管安装方法分析

基于企鹅浮式生产储卸油装置(Floating Production Storage and Offloading,FPSO)项目,对比不同安装方法的优缺点,采用盘卷安装法完成外输软管安装。采用盘卷安装法进行FPSO外输软管安装在国内鲜有实例,详细描述该方法的施工顺序和要点,可为其他类似项目的外输软管安装提供参考。

土壤有机碳汇内涵与核算方法辨析

在“碳达峰、碳中和”战略需求下,土壤有机碳汇作为生态系统碳汇的重要组成部分,土壤碳库容量以及如何开展土壤有机碳汇核算日益成为生态碳汇的研究热点。梳理了国内外土壤有机碳汇及核算相关研究成果,解析了土壤有机碳汇的概念内涵,提出了以稳定性有机碳作为土壤有机碳汇的表征指标及获取方法。从土壤发生学角度提出了土壤碳汇阈值的概念,土壤中有机碳的含量随着分解转化最终会达到动态平衡,此时稳定有机碳含量值约是常数,这个常数就是稳定碳库的库容,在特定的成土因素下,碳库的核算值不会超过平衡时的常态值。在客观上,体现在非人类干扰状态下不同土壤类型自然状态下的稳定性有机碳含量。参照土壤有机质平衡理论,提出了土壤碳汇核算的定量化方法,为土壤碳汇的度量和核算提供了一套技术思路。下一步土壤有机碳汇的核算应在科学研究基础上多角度凝聚共识,制定碳汇核算标准,确定不同尺度下可操作、可重复以及可复制的土壤有机碳汇核算技术与方法。

城市绿地碳汇测算方法研究进展

全球气候变暖加剧、“双碳”目标的提出、城市碳排的增加,使得固碳增汇的任务刻不容缓。城市绿地作为重要的碳汇来源,能有效改善城市环境、缓解碳汇压力、提升生态效益,维持碳氧平衡。由此评估碳汇效益,估算碳汇能力,对实现碳的可视化管理和碳中和目标具有推动作用。文章在梳理样地清查法、软件模拟法、遥感反演法、涡度相关法4种城市绿地碳汇测算方法原理的基础上,归纳并比较了4种方法的应用规模与优缺点,最后,从完善测算体系与指导规划实践两方面对城市绿地碳汇测算方法的发展趋势进行展望。

国医大师颜正华治疗呼吸系统疾病用药升降浮沉药性规律分析

目的分析国医大师颜正华教授治疗呼吸系统疾病用药的升降浮沉药性规律,传承其宝贵学术经验。方法以4本颜正华教授弟子为主编的著作为主要来源,系统收集、分析颜正华教授临证治疗呼吸系统疾病的处方,对患者的性别、年龄,处方的辨病、证型,中药的升降浮沉药性、用量及常用药对等进行统计分析。结果共纳入处方208首,涉及中药178味、君药64味,药性多趋向沉降,全方以沉降方居多;处方平均用药13.2味,且大部分用量点在常规用量范围内;后下药中使用频数最高的中药为鱼腥草。常用药对有紫菀-白前、白前-百部、紫菀-百部,沉降方中常用苦杏仁、浙贝母、紫菀等药。结论颜正华教授治疗呼吸系统疾病时喜用沉降药,配以趋向升浮和具有双重趋向的药物调理气机的升降,且具有孟河医派“用药轻灵”的特点。

Sink节点移动的无线传感网生存时间优化算法

为提高网络最大生存时间,提出Sink节点移动的无线传感网生存时间优化算法(LOAMSN)。该算法分析Sink节点移动时的流量平衡约束、最大传输速率约束、节点能耗约束等约束条件,将生存时间优化问题转化成优化模型。提出Sink节点的移动方法,即Sink节点利用节点的度值构建其移动路径,按照此路径循环移动收集数据。将Sink节点的移动认为是离散运动,Sink节点移动的生存时间优化模型分解成若干个Sink节点静止的生存时间优化模型,采用牛顿法求解每个Sink节点静止的优化模型,获得网络最大生存时间和节点发送数据量的最优值。仿真结果表明:LOAMSN算法能减少Sink节点停留位置上的节点能耗,平衡网络负载和节点能耗,提高网络最大生存时间。在一定条件下,LOAMSN算法比Sink节点静止时更优。

难浮煤−极性捕收剂相互作用研究新视角:分子对接与诱导契合效应

研究煤泥与浮选药剂间的相互作用将是浮选过程强化的热点和难点,针对难浮煤表面强亲水的化学结构特性,将生物医药领域诱导契合效应引入到难浮煤−极性捕收剂的相互作用研究中。基于煤样性质检测结果,构建了3D煤分子结构,采用原型分子(Protomol)技术搜索并表示煤分子活性口袋,在活性口袋中搜索极性捕收剂与难浮煤的分子对接最优构象,根据极性药剂与煤分子相互作用最优构象的结合能大小,分析分子对接和诱导契合效应研究结果与浮选结果之间的对应性关系。结果表明分子对接结果与难浮煤可燃体回收率均呈现出十二醇<十二醛<十二酸甲酯的规律,浮选可燃体回收率与分子对接结合能绝对值、煤分子诱导契合效应呈现明显的正相关关系,揭示了分子对接对浮选药剂筛选的指导作用。根据分子对接构型可知结合能存在差异性归因于π-CH作用和空间位阻作用的不同。进而将药剂分子的三维空间进行固定,采用分子力学模拟对三种极型捕收剂与煤分子间“诱导契合效应”进行探索,发现十二酸甲酯与煤分子活性区域能够产生更大的相互作用,煤分子活性区域对十二酸甲酯的诱导效应、包裹性更强,因而在浮选过程中效果更好。采用分子对接和诱导契合效应研究煤分子与药剂相互作用,可为浮选捕收剂的快速筛选提供技术途径和科学指导。

基于改进两步移动搜索法的合肥市中心城区综合公园可达性评价

为提高城市综合公园布局均衡性地定量评估的准确性,以合肥市中心城区为例,提出一种基于改进多出行模式的两步移动搜索法,利用高德地图的路径规划模型,结合双变量局部空间自相关、洛伦兹曲线以及基尼系数等方法,在手机信令数据的基础上对不同时间阈值下的城市综合公园的可达性及供需情况进行分析,进一步揭示中心城区综合公园布局的合理性。结果显示:合肥市中心城区综合公园的可达性空间差异显著,可达性较高区域通常分布在新城区以及综合公园周边地区,并且随着时间阈值的提高,可达性水平的空间分布呈现均衡态势;合肥市中心城区在15 min与30 min时间阈值下均只有近5%的居住网格处于供需匹配状态;近7%的居住网格处于供需显著不匹配状态,主要集中于老城区西部以及滨湖区北部区域,居住区密度与综合公园数量是影响供需匹配的重要原因。研究结果表明,通过利用手机信令数据与高德路径规划数据作为数据源对传统可达性的计算方法以及两步移动搜索模型进行改进,建立微观尺度下城市综合公园的可达性评价框架,能够精确地评估城市综合公园的可达性;通过优化城市交通的通达程度以提高居民综合公园游憩出行的阈值,能够显著促进城市综合公园整体的空间分布合理性。