Achieving Cooler Soil as an Effective Heat Sink for Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE) Cooling Technology in Malaysia Tropical Climate

This research is intended to explore the capacity of Malaysia soil in becoming a more effective heat sink for the application of Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE) Cooling Technology in Malaysia. EAHE Cooling Technology consists of buried pipes underground where the ambient air is channeled through from the pipe inlet and produces cooler air at its outlet. Within the buried pipes, heat exchange process occurs between the air and the soil that surrounding the pipe. This building cooling technology has been applied in many countries, mostly in temperate or hot and arid climate where the diurnal temperature is large. However, minimal resources were found on the study of EAHE application to buildings in Malaysia, hence there is room to develop. A parametric study on EAHE cooling application in Malaysia was done through field experiment and concluded that among many parameters affecting the technology performance, the soil temperature which surrounded the pipe was the most influential factor. The study recommended to further reduce the soil temperature to achieve a cooler outlet temperature. In response to that, this research conducted a parametric study of soil temperature under three different soil surface conditions: bare, shaded with timber pallettes and insulated with used tyres at 1.0 m and 1.5 m underground. The data was logged for a month and the result has shown significant reduction in the soil temperature underground below the shaded and insulated soil surface as compared to below bare soil surface condition. The insulated soil surface produced the best result where the soil temperature was reduced up to 26.9°C. The main contribution of this paper is to highlight that the soil surface treatment can be used to reduce solar heat gain within the soil underground and thus improving the performance of EAHE Cooling Technology particularly for the application in Malaysia tropical climate.

A Survey on a Heat Exchangers Network to Decrease Energy Consumption by Using Pinch Technology

There are several ways to increase the efficiency of energy consumption and to decrease energy consumption. In this paper. the application of pinch technology in analysis of the heat exchangers network （HEN） in order to reduce the energy consumption in a thermal system is studied. Therefore, in this grass root design, the optimum value of △Tmin, is obtained about 10℃and area efficiency （a） is 0.95. The author also depicted the grid diagram and driving force plot for additional analysis. In order to increase the amount of energy saving, heat transfer from above to below the pinch point in the diagnosis stage is verified for all options including re-sequencing, re-piping, add heat exchanger and splitting of the flows. Results show that this network has a low potential of retrofit to decrease the energy consumption, which pinch principles are planned to optimize energy consumption of the unit. Regarding the results of pinch analysis, it is suggested that in order to reduce the energy consumption, no alternative changes in the heat exchangers network of the unit is required. The acquired results show that the constancy of network is completely confirmed by the high area efficiency infirmity of the heat exchanger to pass the pinch point and from of deriving force plot.

Design and Performance Analysis of Micro Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

This study describes a novel micro proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)(active area,2.5 cm2).The flow field plate is manufactured by applying micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS) technology to silicon substrates to etch flow channels without a gold-coating.Therefore,this investigation used MEMS technology for fabrication of a flow field plate and presents a novel fabrication procedure.Various operating parameters,such as fuel temperature and fuel stoichiometric flow rate,are tested to optimize micro PEMFC performance.A single micro PEMFC using MEMS technology reveals the ideal performance of the proposed fuel cell.The optimal power density approaches 232.75 mW·cm-1 when the fuel cell is operated at ambient condition with humidified,heated fuel.

Improved Efficiency of Heat Exchange Using KELEA Activated Water

An environmental force termed KELEA (kinetic energy limiting electrostatic attraction) is postulated to reduce the strength of intermolecular (hydrogen) bonding of water molecules, resulting in increased kinetic activity of the water. While regular water does not directly absorb KELEA from the environment, various dipolar compounds with separated electrical charges can seemingly act as a primary antenna for KELEA, with secondary transfer of energy into nearby water. Moreover, once sufficiently activated, the separated electrical charges in activated water can apparently function as a receiver for KELEA, leading to further activation of the water and also to the activation of added water. Prior publications have addressed the agricultural and potential clinical benefits of using KELEA activated water. This article is intended as the first in a series of papers describing useful industrial applications of KELEA activated water. The focus of the present paper is on the improved efficiency of industrial water heating and cooling systems by using KELEA activated water provided by pelleted, ground and heated volcanic rock as supplied by Kiko Technology.

Flexibility analysis and design of heat exchanger network for syngas-to-methanol process

The heat exchanger network(HEN)in a syngas-to-methanol process was designed and optimized based on pinch technology under stable operating conditions to balance the energy consumption and economic gain.In actual industrial processes,fluctuations in production inevitably affect the stable operation of HENs.A flexibility analysis of the HEN was carried out to minimize such disturbances using the downstream paths method.The results show that two-third of the downstream paths cannot meet flexibility requirements,indicating that the HEN does not have enough flexibility to accommodate the disturbances in actual production.A flexible HEN was then designed with the method of dividing and subsequent merging of streams,which led to 13.89%and 20.82%reductions in energy consumption and total cost,respectively.Owing to the sufficient area margin and additional alternative heat exchangers,the flexible HEN was able to resist interference and maintain production stability and safety,with the total cost increasing by just 4.08%.

Simulation and heat exchanger network designs for a novel single-column cryogenic air separation process

To realize the industrialization of the novel single-column air separation process proposed in previous work,steady-state simulation for four different configurations of the single-column process with ternary(nitrogen,oxygen and argon)is developed.Then,exergy analysis of the single-column processes is also carried out and compared with the conventional double-column air separation process at the same capacity.Furthermore,based on the steady-state simulation of single-column processes,the different heat exchanger networks(HENs)for the main heat exchanger and subcooler in each process are designed.To obtain better performance for this novel process,optimization of process configuration and operation is investigated.The optimal condition and configuration for this process is consisted as:feedstock is divided into two streams and the reflux nitrogen is compressed at the approximate temperature of 301 K.In addition,HEN is optimized to minimize the utilities.HENs without utilities are obtained for the four different configurations of single-column process.Furthermore,capital costs of the HEN for different cases are estimated and compared.

The Role of Cultural Exchange in Human Progress

Cultural exchanges are an important part of oursocial activities and have a great effect on theprogress and development of human society.In the process of human social development differ-ent nationalities created their own unique cultures.Be-cause of the development of different cultures in differ-ent countries,cultural exchanges become an attractiveproposition.Cultural exchanges have a positive and salubriouseffect on all nationalities,encouraging social develop-ment,economic prosperity and scientific and techno-logical progress.During cultural exchanges differentcountries in the world learn from each other,helpingthe different cultures develop and mature.

Exchange邮件系统的安全性研究

笔者从蠕虫病毒、漏洞攻击、越权访问、垃圾邮件4个角度入手,分析了Exchange邮件系统安全性的主要影响因素,并围绕运行环境、应用工具、网络通信、数字证书4个方面提出了Exchange邮件系统安全性的优化构建思路,希望能够为相关研究提供借鉴。

Review on Anti-Frost Technology Based on Microchannel Heat Exchanger

Frosting is an inevitable adverse phenomenon in many fields such as industrial refrigeration,cryo-genics,and heat pump air conditioning,which may influence the efficiency of the equipment and increase the energy consumption of the system.The complicated louvered-fin structure and fuid-channels arrangements of the microchannel heat exchanger(HEX)will affect the heat transfer performance and frosting characteristics.First,this article analyzes different factors such as refrigerant distribution,refrigerant fow pattern,and HEX surface temperature distribution.Further,combined with the features of the microchannel HEX,the existing anti-frosting technologies and various methods of surface treatment for anti-frosting are summarized.The review focuses on the preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces and their superior properties.Furthermore,the internal mechanism is analyzed in conjunction with the relevant research of our group.Superhydrophobic character has excellent anti-frosting performance and heat transfer performance,which is of great significance for improving energy-saving and system performance.Finally,the future development of superhydrophobic surface technology is analyzed and prospected.

Using Vibraimage Technology to Analyze the Psychophysiological State of a Person during Opposite Stimuli Presentation

The vibraimage technology is applied to evaluate the multiple intelligences by presenting the line-opposite stimuli. The analysis of testing results of 161 and 91 first-year students from two technical universities, St. Petersburg, Russia, is presented. A new method has been introduced for the assessment of the level of introversion and extraversion of a person being tested. Various equations for calculating the psychophysiological state have been studied and common patterns of the psychophysiological responses to the stimuli were revealed. The experiments showed a prevailing negative correlation between the parameters of a person’s energy consumption and information exchange detected by the vibraimage technology. The article discusses the possibility of extending the obtained results to other psychophysiological tests.

Integration of energy recovery network including recycling residual pressure energy with pinch technology

Work exchange is a promising innovative technology in recovering residual pressure energy. However, at the systematic level, the comprehensive utilization of different energy resources in an energy system has become an issue of concern. In this work, a systematic approach is proposed, one that successively integrates heat, work and adjusts operation parameters. A detailed procedure for building a heat-work coupling transfer network is provided. The synthesis mainly consists of constructing a work exchange sub-network with pinch analysis based on positive displacement type work exchangers. Simultaneously, another kind of sub-network based on turbine-type work exchangers is built as a schematic comparison. The influence of applying a positive displacement work exchanger on the system is investigated. Finally, as a case study, a renovation design of a typical rectisol process in the coal-water slurry gasification section of an ammonia plant is presented. The results show that the added work exchanger has little impact on the existing heat exchange sub-network. Moreover,extra pressure energy is recovered by coupling the transfer network. It is concluded that the heat-work systematic design is a promising and powerful method to use energy more efficiently.

新时代我国发起成立国际科技组织:机理、问题与路径

在科技自立自强成为国家发展战略目标与任务的大背景下,“发起成立国际科技组织”作为新时代我国国际科技交流合作新的重要形态,能够使我国在激烈的国际科技竞争中掌握战略主动。基于机理分析,我国发起成立的国际科技组织在组织属性、组织行为等维度上应具备实体化、公共化、国际化、法制化等基本要件。针对存在的主要问题,我国需要制定相关战略性整体规划、营造更开放的政策环境、出台更细化的成立审批要求和流程。在路径选择上,我国发起成立国际科技组织应遵循坚持独立自主、用好国际资源、选准学科领域、使用战略科学家等根本原则,同时,应基于自身优势和战略需求、突出组织特色和互补能力,通过组织创新的价值体现避免出现组织拥挤现象。

国家疫苗接种数据交换系统的设计与应用

目的:实现全国疫苗接种信息的共享交换,支持各地开展跨省份接种信息查询,加快推进接种大数据的“聚通用”。方法:基于全国疾控信息化建设现状,优化数据处理流程,采用高性能大数据技术工具和安全的防护策略设计疫苗接种数据交换系统,搭建数据交换通道,实现数据安全传输和高效存储。结果:截至2023年4月,依托国家疾控数据共享交换平台,共计收集全国疫苗接种记录约106亿条,数据交换成功率为93%。结论:国家疫苗接种数据交换系统能有效解决海量数据的存储和传输问题,保证接种数据的准确性和完整性以及系统的安全性和稳定性。

论李华伟博士对图书馆事业的卓越贡献

文章回顾李华伟博士图书馆职业生涯的里程碑(1958-2008),以史实阐述李华伟博士在图书馆资源建设、信息技术推广、国际交流合作等领域的贡献卓著,及其对图书馆事业的发展与变革产生的深远影响,认为李华伟博士是享誉世界的杰出华美图书馆专家、图书馆学家和图书馆活动家。

离子液脱硫技术中热平衡的研究与实践

介绍了离子液脱硫系统的工艺流程,分析了系统运行中的热交换过程,主要换热设备采用板式换热器,针对换热过程中出现的热平衡被破坏的情况及影响进行探讨,提出了保持离子液脱硫系统稳定运行的措施。

Information Technology and Telecommunications:Impacts on Strategic Alliance

Strategic alliance (SA) is an important way with which the enterprise can grow up. However, the development of information technology and telecommunications (IT&Ts) has vital impacts on the theory and practice of SA management. This paper analyzes these impacts from four respects: the management thinking, forming, inter organizational interaction, information exchange and knowledge transferring of SA. We point out the new characteristics of SA management in the information age and then put forward corresponding countermeasures on the basic of analyzing current alliance management theory and issue. Finally we discuss some issues that would be researched further in the future.

信息交互理念下的建筑遗产保护与展示应用——以故宫养心殿东暖阁XR展陈项目为例

新信息技术的快速迭代与普及为遗产展陈带来全新的发展前景。扩展现实(XR)技术在建筑遗产展陈中的应用,为用户提供了“信息交互”的可能性,从而极大丰富了遗产本体面向公众传达的信息容量与获取方式。本文以明清官式建筑北京故宫养心殿东暖阁XR展陈开发项目为例,展示了如何利用XR技术中的虚拟现实(VR)和增强现实(AR)两种具体技术方案,实现针对建筑本体以及附加其上的多元历史文化信息的交互式展示。VR和AR技术方案在公众体验建筑遗产时提供了以建筑本体为索引探寻其背后丰富知识的交互接口,此外还可在未来进一步拓展至服务建筑遗产保护从业者,实现对建筑遗产管理、监测与修缮的支持。

中国与东南亚古代科技交流研究的方法论探析

与其他区域的科技交流活动相比,中国与东南亚古代科技交流的特殊性在于交流主体民族成分的复杂性、文化圈的复合性和传播途径的迂回性,这客观上需要更多诉诸于民族学、人类学和考古学的研究方法。在文献资料有限的情况下,需要更多地求助于田野调查资料、科技分析和考古资料。相应地,观察、理解和描述研究对象的立场也要从现代科技观转向地方性知识观,在当地文化生态和历史流变中呈现古代科技交流的真实过程和图景。