Since the independence of Russia, Sino-Russian relations have been develop-ing all along in a progressive momentum. At present, the two countrieshave established the "21st century-oriented strategic cooperative p...Since the independence of Russia, Sino-Russian relations have been develop-ing all along in a progressive momentum. At present, the two countrieshave established the "21st century-oriented strategic cooperative partnership of e-quality and mutual trust". Serving the basic interests of both sides with solid po-litical basis, the state relationship of this new type has proved to be the bestchoice of the Chinese and Russian people for the further development of bilateralties in the 21st century. Its major characteristics are as follows: A. Strategic cooperative partnership is established on the basis of the com-prehensive and gradual development of the Sino-Russian relations.展开更多
Since the official establishment of the China-Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)dialog 31 years ago,the relationship between China and ASEAN has achieved fruitful results.The establishment of the China-ASEA...Since the official establishment of the China-Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)dialog 31 years ago,the relationship between China and ASEAN has achieved fruitful results.The establishment of the China-ASEAN Comprehensive Strategic Partnership comes in a timely manner.Within this partnership,both China and ASEAN will face opportunities and challenges.Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership,public health governance,and the Belt and Road Initiative are important directions for cooperation between China and ASEAN in this new stage,and they are priorities for deepening the comprehensive strategic partnership between the two entities.Changes in the international situation,the interference of states outside the region,and the idea of vaccine diplomacy,together with other propaganda that stigmatizes China,have led to a certain negative impact on China-ASEAN relations.On the whole,China-ASEAN relations are a model of regional cooperation for East Asia,showing strong vitality and development potential.Promoting regional cooperation through openness and inclusiveness,handling regional affairs through building consensus,and properly resolving differences by seeking common ground while shelving differences remain the guiding principles of China-ASEAN cooperation diplomacy.展开更多
China and Russia announced“their resolve to develope a strategic partnership ofequality.mutual confidence and mutual coordination toward the 21stcentury" during President Yeltsin’s China visit in April 1996。 T...China and Russia announced“their resolve to develope a strategic partnership ofequality.mutual confidence and mutual coordination toward the 21stcentury" during President Yeltsin’s China visit in April 1996。 The partnership represents a new type of slate-to-state relations based on e-quality and mutual confidence.It aims at safeguarding each other’s national inter-ests and building a fair,just international political and economic order.It is charac-展开更多
There are many similarities between the national growth of Brazil and Indonesia.Both countries are rich in natural resources,play a vital role in the establishment of regional blocs,are members of G-20 and adhere to t...There are many similarities between the national growth of Brazil and Indonesia.Both countries are rich in natural resources,play a vital role in the establishment of regional blocs,are members of G-20 and adhere to the principles of preventive diplomacy.The objective of this article is to show the role of the concept of strategic partnerships in the foreign policy of Brazil,whose international influence in the UN and other global structures is actively growing,and also to identify the characteristics of such partnership with Indonesia.Southeast Asia is becoming extremely important for the international economic system,and Indonesia,located on 17,000 islands,has an important geostrategic position,since all major sea routes in the Indian and Pacific Ocean pass through it.Indonesia is currently distinguished thanks to its steady economic growth,political stability,integration into the global economy,and increased activity on international platforms.Consequently,it is no surprise that Brazilian-Indonesian strategic partnership has started to manifest itself not only in the development of comprehensive ties,but also in the cooperation in upholding the ideas of sustainable development,disarmament,as well as the peaceful resolution of conflicts on the global level.The authors utilized a problematic-chronological method that allowed to analyze the areas of contacts between Brazil and Indonesia in the global arena,to find the problems and promising areas of partnership—including the oil and gas sector,the exchange of technologies,the creation of favorable investment climate,the coordination of activity in international organizations,and willingness to take into consideration mutual interests.展开更多
The Strategic Partnership,launched in 1997 with the purpose of becoming an advanced mechanism of bilateral cooperation between Romania and the United States regarding fields of strategic interest for both countries,is...The Strategic Partnership,launched in 1997 with the purpose of becoming an advanced mechanism of bilateral cooperation between Romania and the United States regarding fields of strategic interest for both countries,is an important element of maintaining peace and stability in South-Eastern Europe and in the Black Sea area.The Partnership determined a substantial evolution of the bilateral relations based on an intense political speech,as an important aspect for the regional security,and promoted democracy near the Euro-Atlantic community.Romania’s relation with the United States,being focused on security aspects,proves its utility,considering that to this day the North Atlantic Alliance and the European Union do not have a common strategic vision regarding the Wider Black Sea Region.This is due to conceptual differences and to the fact that,unlike Central and Eastern Europe—where the integrations of NATO and EU were linked,in the Black Sea area,the situation is different,having in mind that only Romania and Bulgaria have been part of these structures.This study’s purpose is to present both the evolution of this cooperation format between Romania and the United States in the last two decades and its relevance for the new regional security system.In the circumstances in which the events in Ukraine in 2014 lead to unprecedented tension(Post-Cold War)between the Russian Federation and the Occident,the USA’s involvement in ensuring the security of the extended Black Sea Region gains even more relevance.展开更多
One of the most distinctive features of China's recent foreign policy strategy is partnership diplomacy. It represents China's new approach to gaining influence over the global landscape. It is aimed at avoidi...One of the most distinctive features of China's recent foreign policy strategy is partnership diplomacy. It represents China's new approach to gaining influence over the global landscape. It is aimed at avoiding rivalry and conflict and reforming international relations to a more stable and friendly state. It also indicates China's intention to adopt a much more flexible and practical foreign policy. China will build a network of partnerships across the globe, forging a new kind of diplomacy with Chinese characteristics.展开更多
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic,the international political and economic system has changed dramatically.The Western powers are in decline,while the non-western Asian and Eurasian powers are rising.The thr...Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic,the international political and economic system has changed dramatically.The Western powers are in decline,while the non-western Asian and Eurasian powers are rising.The three-century-long Western dominated international system is giving way to a mixed system with Global North and Global South playing predominant roles simultaneously.In face of the changing international system,China and Iran are promoting strategic docking,and their relations have been updated from the comprehensive strategic partnership in 2016 to the 25-Year Strategic Cooperation Agreement in 2021.This development demonstrates the resilience of China’s strategic partnerships in the Middle East,and is conducive to building a more balanced international system and fostering South-South cooperation.The updated Sino-Iranian relations is defensive,and it does not target any third party,nor does it change China’s non-alignment policy in the Middle East.It is conducive to promoting regional reconciliation between Iran and Saudi-led Arab countries.展开更多
文摘Since the independence of Russia, Sino-Russian relations have been develop-ing all along in a progressive momentum. At present, the two countrieshave established the "21st century-oriented strategic cooperative partnership of e-quality and mutual trust". Serving the basic interests of both sides with solid po-litical basis, the state relationship of this new type has proved to be the bestchoice of the Chinese and Russian people for the further development of bilateralties in the 21st century. Its major characteristics are as follows: A. Strategic cooperative partnership is established on the basis of the com-prehensive and gradual development of the Sino-Russian relations.
文摘Since the official establishment of the China-Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)dialog 31 years ago,the relationship between China and ASEAN has achieved fruitful results.The establishment of the China-ASEAN Comprehensive Strategic Partnership comes in a timely manner.Within this partnership,both China and ASEAN will face opportunities and challenges.Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership,public health governance,and the Belt and Road Initiative are important directions for cooperation between China and ASEAN in this new stage,and they are priorities for deepening the comprehensive strategic partnership between the two entities.Changes in the international situation,the interference of states outside the region,and the idea of vaccine diplomacy,together with other propaganda that stigmatizes China,have led to a certain negative impact on China-ASEAN relations.On the whole,China-ASEAN relations are a model of regional cooperation for East Asia,showing strong vitality and development potential.Promoting regional cooperation through openness and inclusiveness,handling regional affairs through building consensus,and properly resolving differences by seeking common ground while shelving differences remain the guiding principles of China-ASEAN cooperation diplomacy.
文摘China and Russia announced“their resolve to develope a strategic partnership ofequality.mutual confidence and mutual coordination toward the 21stcentury" during President Yeltsin’s China visit in April 1996。 The partnership represents a new type of slate-to-state relations based on e-quality and mutual confidence.It aims at safeguarding each other’s national inter-ests and building a fair,just international political and economic order.It is charac-
文摘There are many similarities between the national growth of Brazil and Indonesia.Both countries are rich in natural resources,play a vital role in the establishment of regional blocs,are members of G-20 and adhere to the principles of preventive diplomacy.The objective of this article is to show the role of the concept of strategic partnerships in the foreign policy of Brazil,whose international influence in the UN and other global structures is actively growing,and also to identify the characteristics of such partnership with Indonesia.Southeast Asia is becoming extremely important for the international economic system,and Indonesia,located on 17,000 islands,has an important geostrategic position,since all major sea routes in the Indian and Pacific Ocean pass through it.Indonesia is currently distinguished thanks to its steady economic growth,political stability,integration into the global economy,and increased activity on international platforms.Consequently,it is no surprise that Brazilian-Indonesian strategic partnership has started to manifest itself not only in the development of comprehensive ties,but also in the cooperation in upholding the ideas of sustainable development,disarmament,as well as the peaceful resolution of conflicts on the global level.The authors utilized a problematic-chronological method that allowed to analyze the areas of contacts between Brazil and Indonesia in the global arena,to find the problems and promising areas of partnership—including the oil and gas sector,the exchange of technologies,the creation of favorable investment climate,the coordination of activity in international organizations,and willingness to take into consideration mutual interests.
文摘The Strategic Partnership,launched in 1997 with the purpose of becoming an advanced mechanism of bilateral cooperation between Romania and the United States regarding fields of strategic interest for both countries,is an important element of maintaining peace and stability in South-Eastern Europe and in the Black Sea area.The Partnership determined a substantial evolution of the bilateral relations based on an intense political speech,as an important aspect for the regional security,and promoted democracy near the Euro-Atlantic community.Romania’s relation with the United States,being focused on security aspects,proves its utility,considering that to this day the North Atlantic Alliance and the European Union do not have a common strategic vision regarding the Wider Black Sea Region.This is due to conceptual differences and to the fact that,unlike Central and Eastern Europe—where the integrations of NATO and EU were linked,in the Black Sea area,the situation is different,having in mind that only Romania and Bulgaria have been part of these structures.This study’s purpose is to present both the evolution of this cooperation format between Romania and the United States in the last two decades and its relevance for the new regional security system.In the circumstances in which the events in Ukraine in 2014 lead to unprecedented tension(Post-Cold War)between the Russian Federation and the Occident,the USA’s involvement in ensuring the security of the extended Black Sea Region gains even more relevance.
文摘One of the most distinctive features of China's recent foreign policy strategy is partnership diplomacy. It represents China's new approach to gaining influence over the global landscape. It is aimed at avoiding rivalry and conflict and reforming international relations to a more stable and friendly state. It also indicates China's intention to adopt a much more flexible and practical foreign policy. China will build a network of partnerships across the globe, forging a new kind of diplomacy with Chinese characteristics.
文摘Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic,the international political and economic system has changed dramatically.The Western powers are in decline,while the non-western Asian and Eurasian powers are rising.The three-century-long Western dominated international system is giving way to a mixed system with Global North and Global South playing predominant roles simultaneously.In face of the changing international system,China and Iran are promoting strategic docking,and their relations have been updated from the comprehensive strategic partnership in 2016 to the 25-Year Strategic Cooperation Agreement in 2021.This development demonstrates the resilience of China’s strategic partnerships in the Middle East,and is conducive to building a more balanced international system and fostering South-South cooperation.The updated Sino-Iranian relations is defensive,and it does not target any third party,nor does it change China’s non-alignment policy in the Middle East.It is conducive to promoting regional reconciliation between Iran and Saudi-led Arab countries.