Language and Spatial Cognition in Route Navigation

The purpose of this study is to investigate the contrast between using street names or landmarks to process spatial instructions.The study confirms the special cognitive status of landmarks in the mental representation of routes.

Navigation Route Based Stable Clustering for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Due to high node mobility, stability has been always one of the major concerns of vehicle clustering algorithms in vehicular ad hoc networks. In this paper, we propose a novel clustering algorithm based on the information of routes planned by vehicular navigation systems. In the clustering algorithm, we design a residual route time function to quantitatively calculate the overlapping time among vehicles based on route information, with which a novel clusterhead selection metric is presented. We further design a mechanism of future-clusterhead, which can help avoid message exchanges at intersections and reduce the overhead of cluster maintenance. The simulation results show that, compared with previous works, our clustering algorithm can achieve higher stability and at the same time lower communication cost.

MA-Res U-Net:Design of Soybean Navigation System with Improved U-Net Model

Traditional machine vision algorithms have difficulty handling the interference of light and shadow changes,broken rows,and weeds in the complex growth circumstances of soybean fields,which leads to erroneous navigation route segmentation.There are additional shortcomings in the feature extractFion capabilities of the conventional U-Net network.Our suggestion is to utilize an improved U-Net-based method to tackle these difficulties.First,we use ResNet’s powerful feature extraction capabilities to replace the original U-Net encoder.To enhance the concentration on characteristics unique to soybeans,we integrate a multi-scale high-performance attention mechanism.Furthermore,to do multi-scale feature extraction and capture a wider variety of contextual information,we employ atrous spatial pyramid pooling.The segmented image generated by our upgraded U-Net model is then analyzed using the CenterNet method to extract key spots.The RANSAC algorithm then uses these important spots to delineate the soybean seedling belt line.Finally,the navigation line is determined using the angle tangency theory.The experimental findings illustrate the superiority of our method.Our improved model significantly outperforms the original U-Net regarding mean Pixel Accuracy(mPA)and mean Intersection over Union(mIOU)indices,showing a more accurate segmentation of soybean routes.Furthermore,our soybean route navigation system’s outstanding accuracy is demonstrated by the deviation angle,which is only 3°between the actual deviation and the navigation line.This technology makes a substantial contribution to the sustainable growth of agriculture and shows potential for real-world applications.

Saturation attack based route planning and threat avoidance algorithm for cruise missiles

According to the characteristic of cruise missiles,navigation point setting is simplified,and the principle of route planning for saturation attack and a concept of reference route are put forward.With the help of the shortest-tangent idea in route-planning and the algorithm of back reasoning from targets,a reference route algorithm is built on the shortest range and threat avoidance.Then a route-flight-time algorithm is built on navigation points.Based on the conditions of multi-direction saturation attack,a route planning algorithm of multi-direction saturation attack is built on reference route,route-flight-time,and impact azimuth.Simulation results show that the algorithm can realize missiles fired in a salvo launch reaching the target simultaneously from different directions while avoiding threat.

Route strategy of satellite network in GNSS based on topology evolution law

As each type of satellite network has different link features, its data transmission must be designed based on its link features to improve the efficiency of data transferring. The transmission of navigation integrated services information （NISI） in a global navigation satellite system （GNSS） with inter-satellite links （ISLs） is studied by taking the real situation of inter-satellite communication links into account. An on-demand computing and buffering centralized route strategy is proposed based on dynamic grouping and the topology evolution law of the GNSS network within which the satellite nodes are operated in the manner of dynamic grouping. Dynamic grouping is based on satellites spatial relationships and the group role of the satellite node changes by turns due to its spatial relationships. The route strategy provides significant advantages of high efficiency, low complexity, and flexi- ble configuration, by which the established GNSS can possess the features and capabilities of feasible deployment, efficient transmission, convenient management, structural invulnerability and flexible expansion.

Reviews and Expectations on the Maiden Voyage of a Chinese Merchant Ship in the Arctic Northeast Route

This paper introduces the preparatory work and conducts an integrated review on the maiden voyage of a Chinese commercial ship on the Arctic Northeast Route. It puts forth expectations on the exploitation and utilization of the Arctic Northeast Route in the aspects of safety, fastness, low costs, low consumption of energy and less pollution, knowledge of maritime law and navigation practice, building seaworthiness ships and making studies on the methods of sailing and maneuvering for navigation in polar waters, training qualified seafarers with navigation experiences in ice waters and establishing a safeguard system for the navigation in this route through the analysis on the weather, temperature, ice condition, route and hydrology encountered in the practice of a Chinese merchant ship in its maiden voyage in the route, and studies on the ice pilotage, convoy by icebreaker, practical condition of communication and navigation equipment in sea areas of high latitude and the economic benefit of the navigation in the Arctic Northeast Route.

E-Navigation框架下船舶智能航线服务系统设计研究

文中提出一种基于多种通信方式的船舶智能航线服务系统的设计思路,通过通航环境的大数据分析为船舶提供最优航线,在此基础上实现船与船、船与岸之间的计划/实时航线交换,并依据船舶计划航线提供相应的智能导助航信息服务。

Connectivity-Enhanced Route Selection and Adaptive Control for the Chevrolet Volt

The National Renewable Energy Laboratory and General Motors evaluated connectivity-enabled efficiency enhancements for the Chevrolet Volt. A high-level model was developed to predict vehicle fuel and electricity consumption based on driving characteristics and vehicle state inputs. These techniques were leveraged to optimize energy efficiency via green routing and intelligent control mode scheduling, which were evaluated using prospective driving routes between tens of thousands of real-world origin/destination pairs. The overall energy savings potential of green routing and intelligent mode scheduling was estimated at 5% and 3%, respectively. These represent substantial opportunities considering that they only require software adjustments to implement.

Image detection and verification of visual navigation route during cotton field management period

In order to meet the actual operation demand of visual navigation during cotton field management period,image detection algorithm of visual navigation route during this period was investigated in this research.Firstly,for the operation images under natural environment,the approach of color component difference,which is applicable for cotton field management,was adopted to extract the target characteristics of different regions inside and outside cotton field.Secondly,the median filtering method was employed to eliminate noise in the images and realize smoothing process of the images.Then,according to the regional vertical cumulative distribution graph of the images,the boundary characteristic of the cotton seedling region was obtained and the central position of the cotton seedling row was determined.Finally,the detection of the candidate points cluster was realized,and the navigation route was extracted by Hough transformation passing the known point.The testing results showed that the algorithms could rapidly and accurately detect the navigation route during cotton field management period.And the average processing time periods for each frame image at the emergence,strong seedling,budding and blooming stages were 41.43 ms,67.83 ms,68.80 ms and 74.05 ms,respectively.The detection has the advantage of high accuracy,strong robustness and fast speed,and is simultaneously less vulnerable to interference from external environment,which satisfies the practical operation requirements of cotton field management machinery.

A Trusted Routing Protocol Based on GeoDTN＋Nav in VANET

Because the node of vehicular ad-hoc networks has the characteristics of high mobility and encounter temporary, a trust management between the nodes in the routing process becomes more difficult. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a new trusted routing protocol in VANET based on GeoDTN＋Nav by using trust management model of Bayesian and the three opportunistic routing forwarding models, which includes four steps of the routing initialization, the routing discovery, the trusted routing establishment and the routing deletion. The proposed protocol not only improves the security of routing, but also has the lower time complexity. Besides, experimental results and analysis show that the protocol has achieved good performance in the removal ratio of malicious nodes, correct reception ratio of packet and the message payload.

Research on Weather Routing Based on the Mobile Internet

The combination and application of the mobile internet techniques with the weather radar monitoring data and the numerical weather pre-diction data were introduced, and the smart phone weather routing application software for both land and aquatic traffic safety, which is equipped with the function of analysis and warning of disastrous weather, was developed to reduce potential weather risks encountered during the journey as much as possible.

地月空间基础设施体系架构与发展设想

建设地月空间基础设施,为人类在地月空间的活动提供基础性、通用性的通信、导航、监测等服务,既可满足中国后续月球探测国家重大工程任务需求,同时可以加速推进地月空间航天产业发展,对于推动中国科技强国、航天强国建设具有重大的战略意义。在阐明地月空间基础设施概念、分析研判国内外发展现状的基础上,紧密围绕重大工程和航天产业持续性发展需求,提出地月空间基础设施体系架构设想,明确系统服务、系统组成、“云-域-端”网络体系以及内部和用户接口体系。最后以分阶段逐步建成技术先进、布局合理的地月空间基础设施,提供自主开放、安全可靠、长期连续稳定运行的通用化服务为目标,提出发展展望和发展建议,为中国地月空间基础设施发展建设规划提供参考。

基于铁路带状北斗CORS的网络RTK测量精度分析

为研究和拓展北斗导航系统在铁路工程测量中的应用,利用BDS系统技术优势解决山区铁路测量定位难题。基于某山区铁路建立带状北斗连续运行参考站系统(以下简称“北斗CORS系统”)和高精度位置服务云平台。采用国产多星多频测量型接收机进行控制点数据采集工作,分别对比基于北斗CORS系统的单BDS、单GPS以及GNSS混合星历网络RTK观测数据以及传统基站形式的RTK观测数据的测量精度。结果表明:(1)铁路带状北斗高精度位置服务云平台网络RTK定位功能稳定可靠;(2)基于北斗CORS系统的网络RTK测量方法仅需进行高程曲面拟合,按3s采集的成果精度即可满足铁路测量规范中网络RTK中线测量、断面测量、施工放样、像控测量的精度要求,测量时应尽量采用同类型的设备并采用同精度观测方法以保证重复测量精度,也可通过增加观测时长、在局部区域利用既有高程控制点做高程校正的方式提高测量精度;(3)基于北斗CORS系统的网络RTK测量平面和高程内符合精度限差可分别设定为1.7 cm和2 cm,外符合精度可分别设定为2.2 cm和5 cm。

面向云航海模拟器网络的QoS保障算法研究

[目的]提出一种基于云技术的航海模拟器构架,并设计一种网络服务质量(QoS)保障算法(CNSQoSGA)。[方法]利用虚拟化技术将云航海模拟器硬件设备抽象集成为逻辑资源的方式,应用Kubernetes技术对平台应用服务进行集群管理,构建云航海模拟器平台构架。结合软件定义网络(SDN)架构为云航海模拟器网络的广域网提供一种组网方案,在广域网传输过程中根据数据异构的特性确定算法的整体框架,在Mininet仿真平台上对算法的可行性进行仿真试验,设置流量辨识、视景数据调度和多数据流QoS保障仿真场景。[结果]仿真试验结果表明,CNS-QoSGA在流量辨识上其精度能达到70%以上;相比于传统Dijkstra算法,该路径下带宽提高了56.2%,时延降低了21.4%;当多数据流共存于云航海模拟器网络时,相较于等价路由算法,CNS-QoSGA对网络中带宽和时延的满足率都提高了10%。[结论]所提出的算法为有QoS需求的视景数据计算出合适的路由路径,保障了网络的Qo S。

基于计算机网络控制的插秧机自动路径规划研究

首先,对插秧机导航控制原理进行了分析,建立了插秧机行驶模型;然后,通过确定矩形地块边界、直线和转弯路径规划实现了基于计算机网络控制的插秧机自动路径规划系统。系统采用Ω式转弯式覆盖方法,可以较大程度提高作业覆盖率。试验结果表明:插秧机在进行直线行驶的路径和仿真路径一致,只有在转弯时才会出现较小偏差,证明控制系统能够满足实际应用需求。

月面通信导航基础设施总体架构与关键技术研究

月面通信导航基础设施是地月空间基础设施体系中重要的组成部分,为月面局部热点区域用户提供更加便捷的通信网络服务,同时可与近月导航星座相配合提供月面区域定位导航基准和一定的定位导航授时能力。面向当前重大工程和未来大规模月面活动的中长期战略发展,在分析总结国内外发展趋势的基础上,提出月面通信导航基础设施总体架构,包括月面通信导航网络架构以及月面与空间接口。在此基础上,分析了月面频率规划、电波模型、网络接入、高速传输、定位导航等核心问题的解决途径。最后,提出分步建设建议和技术发展路线图,为未来月球探测任务通信与导航系统规划和建设提供参考。

计及交通事故影响的电动汽车路径规划和充电导航策略

针对交通事故对电动汽车用户驾驶和充电体验的影响尚未得到充分研究这一现状,提出了一种弱化交通事故对用户不良影响的路径规划和充电导航策略。首先,以电动汽车用户重点关注的行驶能耗和行驶时间两项指标为导向,建立了基于实时交通信息的交通网综合道路阻抗模型,实现了交通流拥塞水平的动态表征。然后,考虑交通流量和道路拓扑的耦合作用,建立了基于交通事故“发生-持续-消散”动态过程的后果评估模型,实现了交通事故后果的精准量化。最后,建立了以提升电动汽车用户体验为目标的路径规划和充电导航优化模型,提出了基于Dijkstra算法的滚动优化算法,实现了模型的快速求解。以配电网与交通网组成的耦合系统进行算例分析,结果表明,所提方法能够有效减少交通事故发生后的电动汽车用户综合出行成本,并缓解交通网拥塞。

巡飞弹航迹规划与飞行控制方法发展

巡飞弹是无人机技术与弹药技术结合的产物,可实现战场态势感知、精确打击、信息支援等功能,是未来信息化作战的重要武器之一。介绍巡飞弹的定义组成、分类方法、作战功能、型号发展、战场应用等情况;阐述巡飞弹航迹规划方法的发展现状和未来趋势,包括传统规划方法、智能规划算法和集群规划算法等;对巡飞弹飞行控制的关键技术,包括制导、姿控和导航技术的发展现状和未来趋势进行了介绍,其中的制导技术包括巡飞段跟踪制导、俯冲段末制导和多弹协同制导等;展望了巡飞弹未来的发展方向。

共建“冰上丝绸之路”下北方航道利用环境与安全法律规制协调研究

中俄共建“冰上丝绸之路”是中俄合作在新时期面临的新机遇。北方航道是“冰上丝绸之路”倡议的重要组成部分。在两国建交75周年之际,中俄有望进一步根据双方联合声明培育共建“冰上丝绸之路”合作新动能。俄罗斯有关北方航道利用的国内法存在海洋环境保护法律规制与航行安全保障法律规制之间不协调的情况。这种不协调影响了包括中国在内北极利益攸关方便利利用北方航道。在中俄总理定期会晤委员会机制框架下成立的中俄北极航道合作分委会,有助于在中俄之间达成协调北方航道利用的环境与安全法律规制的外交共识。这种外交共识一旦达成后,中国可进一步考虑与俄罗斯共同促成双向互惠安排,以在中俄之间实现北方航道利用的海洋环境保护与航行安全保障法律规制的协调。此类双向互惠安排可涉及北方航道破冰引航、北方航道航行许可发放、北方航道航行海事信息汇报、港口国检查、上下俄罗斯籍船舶许可的发放、登临检查等方面。中国从北方航道基础设施建设、船舶技术和建造合作、融资支持、执法合作等方面全方位参与北方航道建设,有助于最大程度确保中俄双向互惠安排的达成与落实。