Building the Sino-U.S.Bridge

Mutual confidence is key to a cooperative relationship between China and the United States Held after a year of tension between China and the United States,and following a meeting between the presidents of both nations in January,

BUILDING UP AN OCEAN-CROSSING BRIDGE FOR SINO-US TRADE-To mark the 20th anniversary of Liulinhai's voyage to port Seattle, USA

It is April 18th again,an unforgettable date for us. 20 Vears ago, liulinhai from China Ocean Shipping Company(COSCO), the first cargo ship anchored at Seattle. It ushered in a new chapter and therefore bullt up an ocean-crossing bridge of Sino-US shipping business. Over the past 20 yearS,ships of COSCO. which shuttled between China and the United States, carrying friendship between the two countries and best wishes for peace and development, promoted greatly the Sino-US trade.

JDBC-ODBC Bridge实现C/S数据库访问

主要介绍了在Ｊａｖａ程序设计中利用ＪＤＢＣ－ＯＤＢＣ桥访问服务器端的数据库，并通过Ｓｏｃｋｅｔ建立流传送通路在服务器和客户机之间传送数据信息，从而实现Ｃ／Ｓ（客户机／服务器）数据库的访问。

ZERO-CURRENT AND ZERO-VOLTAGE SWITCHING PWM BOOST FULL-BRIDGE CON VERTER

This paper proposes a zer o current and zero voltage switching (ZCZVS) PWM Boost full bridge (FB) conve rter. With series inductors, the leading switches can realize zero current swit ching (ZCS) in a wide load range using the energy of the output capacitor. Ma king use of parasitic capacitors of the lagging switches and parallel auxiliary i nductance with the primary winding of the transformer, the lagging switches can realize zero voltage switching (ZVS) under any load. Compared with the ZCS PWM Boost FB converter, the new converter has no current duty cycle loss. Operat ional principle and parameter design are analyzed. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed converter.

Synthesis of a Novel Aromatic Diamino-bridged Bis(β-cyclodextrin) and its Inclusion Complexation with Dyes Molecules

A novel brideed bis（β-cvclodextrin）, 4, 4＇-diaminodiphenyl ether-bfiged-bis （6-aimino-6-deoxv-β-cyclodextrin） 3, has been synthesized and its inclusion complexation behavior with three linear＇guest dyes （AR, NR and MB ） has been investigated by. means of fluorescence spectrometry. The-result obtained demonstrated that the novel bridged bis（β-cyclodextnn） showed much higher affinities towards guest dyes than native β-cyclodextrin.

Sulfur vacancies-induced“Electron Bridge”in Ni_(4)Mo/Sv-Zn_(x)Cd_(1-x)S regulates electron transfer for efficient H_(2)-releasing photocatalysis

Despite the existence of plentiful photocatalyst heterojunctions,their separation efficiency and charge flow precision remain low on account of lacking interfacial modulation.Herein,through a defect-induced heterojunction constructing strategy,Ni4Mo alloys were in-situ grown on the unsaturated coordinated sulfur atoms of sulfur vacancies-rich ZCS(Sv-ZCS)via interfacial Ni-S covalent bonds.The experimental and theoretical results reveal that these unsaturated sulfur atoms induced by sulfur vacancies vastly facilitate to anchor more Ni-Mo nanoparticles and form abundant Ni-S covalent bonds,meanwhile,these sulfur vacancies could form dual internal electric field(IEF)and work with Ni-S covalent bonds as“Electron Bridge”to further accelerate photoelectrons transfer,as well as promote the activation of water molecules and the desorption of hydrogen proton.Accordingly,the optimized Ni_(4)Mo/Sv-ZCS composite achieves an improved photocatalytic hydrogen evolution(PHE)rate of 94.69 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1)without an evident decrease after 6 cycles of photocatalytic tests,which is 21.2 and 1.94 times higher than those of Pt/ZCS and Ni_(4)Mo/ZCS,respectively.This tactic opens a new way for optimizing Zn_(x)Cd_(1-x)S-based heterojunctions by constructing sulfur vacancies and covalent bonds as“Electron Bridge”to enhance the activity of PHE.

Molecular Design of Crown Ethers. 19~1. Synthesis of Novel Disulfide and Diselenide-Bridged Bis (benzo-12-crown-4)s and their Ag^+ Selective Electrode Properties

Two novel heteroatom-bridged his (benzo-12-crown-4 ether)s, i.e. his [2-nitro-4,5 (1,4,7,10-tetraoxadecamethylene) disulfide 1 and diselenide 2, have been synthesized. X ray crystallographic structure was obtained for 1. Ion selective electrodes (ISE) for Ag+, containing 1 and 2 in PVC membrane as neutral carriers, were prepared, and their selectivity coefficients for Ag^+ (K_(Ag.M)^(pot)) were determined against other heavy metal ions, alkali and alkaline-earth metal ions. and ammonium ion. These ISEs showed excellent Ag^+ selectivities, log K_(Ag.M)^(pot) ≤ -3.8, against most of the interfering canons examined, except for Hg^+.

Advanced aerostatic analysis of long-span suspension bridges

As the span length of suspension bridges increases, the diameter of cables and thus the wind load acting on them, the nonlinear wind-structure interaction and the wind speed spatial non-uniformity all increase consequently, which may have unnegligible influence on the aerostatic behavior of long-span suspension bridges. In this work, a method of advanced aerostatic analysis is presented firstly by considering the geometric nonlinearity, the nonlinear wind-structures and wind speed spatial non-uniformity. By taking the Runyang Bridge over the Yangtze River as example, effects of the nonlinear wind-structttre interaction, wind speed spatial non-uniformity, and the cable＇s wind load on the aerostatic behavior of the bridge are investigated analytically. The results showed that these factors all have important influence on the aerostatic behavior, and should be considered in the aerostatic analysis of long and particularly super long-span suspension bridges.

Eurasia Continental Bridge——An Important Link of the Coordinated Development between China's Eastern,Central and Western Regions

The new Eurasia Continental Bridgeruns from East China to Central andWest China, crossing 11 provincesand regions, namely Jiangsu, Shandong,Hubei, Anhui, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi,Sichuan, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Ningxia.The total area is 3.6 million sq km and thepopulation is about 300 million, accountingfor a third and a quarter of the whole countryrespectively. The area is very rich in naturalresources, so it is called an "Economic goldbelt" and "Gold corridor". Aerial remote-control survey indicates that along thecontinental bridge from Lianyungang to theAla Mountains within China’s boundary,

Synthesis and X-ray Crystal Structure of a Methylene-bridged Glycoluril Dimer

The synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of a methylene-bridged glycoluril dimer 2 was reported.The methylene-bridged glycoluril dimer 2（C38H36Br4N8O12,Mr=1116.35） crystallizes in space group P1 with a=10.5802（6）,b=16.8469（9）,c=24.7673（14） ,α=98.00,β=96.263（1）,γ=101.606（1）o,V=4239.3（4）3,Z=4,Dc=1.749 g/cm3,μ=3.869 mm-1 and F（000）=2224.It crystallizes in an S-shaped conformation that displays two ethoxycarbonyl groups on each face of the molecule.

Sandy Bridge好搭档 映泰TP67XE主板

映泰TP67XE主板配备了两根PCIEx16插槽，在安装单显卡时为PCI-E x16 2.0模式，而组建CrossFi reX或SLI时，则为双卡PCI-Ex8模式。得益于Intel P67芯片组对PCI—E规格的升级，PCI-E x16 2.0总线单向带宽达到500MB／s，双向带宽为1GB／s。在主板的硬盘接口处，白色的部分便是P67芯片组原生支持的SATA 6Gb／s硬盘接口，从测试数据中能够看出，文件读取成绩较之SATA 3Gb／s接口都有一定的提升，特别是在突发传输速度上，达到了229.2MB／s，平均读取速度也有103.1MB／S。I／O接口方面，除了常见的PS/2、USB 2.0、光纤，e-SATA，网络等接口以外，TP67XE还提供了两个USB3.0接口（蓝色接口处），带宽和USB 2.0相比，提升了十倍，最大传输带宽高达5.0Gb／s，也就是625MB／s。不过Intel P67芯片组仍然没有提供对USB 3.0的原生支持，因此映泰TP67XE采用了一颗NEC D720100F1芯片来负责这两个USB3.0接口。此外，为了保证用户一些PCI设备能继续使用，考虑到Intel P67芯片取消了对PCI插槽的支持，映泰TP67XE选用了一颗ITE lT8893E芯片仍然提供了两根PCI插槽。

Enigma of Exam-oriented Education in China:A comparison on Sino-U.S.Educational Concepts in Higher Education

College English teaching in China has long been criticized for its orientation to examination that consequently brings about negative learning attitude and ineffective learning achievement.Chinese educationists have brought forward several ap proaches to solve this problem but little has been changed due to the cultural influences.This paper analyzes the roots of examoriented education system in China in perspective of culture by comparing the Sino-U.S.cultural elements in depth in tradition al culture,learning and teaching motivation,teacher-student relationship and learners'engagement in class.This paper finally poses two suggestions on how to change the current situation gradually:(1) Focus on the washback of evaluation system on edu cational concepts.(2) Transform the product-evaluation to process-evaluation gradually by standardizing the current evaluation approaches,especially the standards of process-evaluation.

D-S理论和Markov链组合的桥梁性能退化预测研究

为准确预测桥梁性能退化,考虑到数据随机性和微小扰动发生状态跳跃,提出了一种D-S(Dempster-Shafer)证据理论和Markov链组合的桥梁性能退化组合预测模型和性能退化率的概念.该模型基于指数平滑(exponential smoothing,ES)方法获得新的预测数据序列,并利用Markov链和D-S理论不断进行优化,从而实现桥梁性能退化的组合预测.实际工程的应用结果表明:性能退化率可以直观地表征在梁性能退化的速度.其次,该模型的平均相对误差为1.54%,较于回归、灰色和模糊加权Markov链模型,精度分别提高了1.11%,0.88%和2.8%,而后验差比值为0.242,小于0.35;模型的标准差为9.021,相比其他模型分别减小了3.978,3.405和7.500,而变异系数为0.109,均小于其他模型,验证了组合预测模型在精度和稳定性方面的优越性,可为在役桥梁结构性能退化预测与维护提供理论基础.

Fulbright Program: A Bright Facet of Sino-U.S. People-to-People Exchange

In the history of Chinese-American people-to-people exchange,the implementation of the China-U.S.Fulbright Program is surely a bright facet which should not be ignored.This program has been cultivating talents in the fields of social sciences and humanities for the two countries,promoting Sino-U.S.communications in the domains of education,academia and culture,and propelling the diffusion and advance of both Chinese and American cultures.The Fulbright Program in China still has certain limitations waiting to be improved,and one obvious problem is its coverage in China.To solve this problem,more Chinese higher education institutions should be included in the China-U.S.Fulbright Program,and the result would be the generation of immeasurable value for the prosperity of Sino-American people-to-people exchange and therefore the construction of the new model of major country relations between China and the United States.

Bush' s China Policy and the Future of Sino-U.S.Relations

The past two years have witnessed great fluctuations ininternational oil prices,and diplomatic efforts,both above andunder the table,by major powers around this issue.The currenttension in the war-threatened Iraq has added more uncertainties to thefuture world oil situation.Will the world oil supply and demand change?What impact would this exert on big powers’ oil strategy choices,geopolitics as well as world economy?What should China do in such asituation?To find the answers to these questions,at the invitation of theeditor of the Contemporary International Relations,seven experts fromChina Institute of Contemporary International Relations gathered to have adiscussion in early February this year.Naturally,they have differentviews over many issues.Still,we hope our readers would find theirdiscussion interesting.Following is the list of participants.

China's WTO Entry Helps Sino-US Ties

China applied for restoration of its status as the GATT founding member in1986. The country has made great endeavor in reducing customs duties, removing non-tariff barriers, enhancing protection of intellectual property rights andservice trades, launching reform of the foreign trade regime, eliminating trade bar-riers and improving environment for foreign investment. Over the past 14 years,China has taken part in 26 relevant multilateral meetings and hundreds of bilateralnegotiations.

Frugality and overspending:sources of Sino-U.S.economic imbalances

Savings rates are the biggest difference in the economic structures of China and the United States,the two most important countries in today’s global economy.China has the highest savings rate of any major country,while the United States,at the other end of the spectrum, has the lowest.This paper discusses the origin of this contrast and its far-reaching implications for two-way economic and trade ties.

New Sino-US Strategic Gambling and China’s Strategy

Since confidence is fading and anxiety is increasing in the US,America’s China policy has become more radical. In the short term, the US has the upper hand and China is in a relatively passive position. In the medium-and long-term, there will be more balance between them. This current strategic gambling between China and the US will be the major issue of international politics in the first half of the 21 st century and the most prominent external challenge China faces. China needs to make strategic adjustments but the gamble may be worthwhile in correcting imbalance in the international order and in the co-evolution of the two countries.

Public-Private Partnerships to Address Global Environmental Problem： Sino-US Cooperation on Climate Change and Energy

The study indicates that public-private partnerships （PPPs） can play ＂strategic＂, ＂practical＂, or ＂regulative＂ roles by making use of ＂instrumental＂, ＂institutional＂, and ＂normative＂ approaches in tackling political issues between countries. PPPs have often been discussed in studies of urban development, service provision, health care, and so on, but they have rarely been analyzed in terms of international relations and political problems on global environmental issues. This study takes an environmental problena---Sino-US energy and climate change cooperation--as a case study to inspect the possible roles and approaches of PPPs. Sino-US cooperation has been launched such as under the Strategic ＆ Economic Dialogue （S＆ED） by both administrations, which has significantly contributed to their reconciliation of domestic abatement policies in climate change, environmental protection, and energy. The establishment of schemes such as the Ten-Year Framework for Cooperation on Energy and Environment （TYF）, the EcoPartnerships, and wide-ranging dialogues and initiatives on clean energy and clean vehicles, in which both public and private actors participate, are among the important approaches of facilitating bilateral cooperation. The study concludes that these schemes have played strategic and practical roles in strengthening the degree of mutual trust and in facilitating the progress of cooperation, although more investigations are needed to considerate their regulative roles. The application of instrumental, institutional, and normative approaches have been observed through the implementation of the TYF and EcoPartnerships.