The Status Quo and Problems of Red Cultural Sites in the New Era and Their Exploration Paths: Taking the Luxi Region as an Example

Red cultural site is the carrier of red culture,containing profound revolutionary history and value of the times,we should deeply excavate the intrinsic potential of red cultural sites,pay attention to the ontological protection of red cultural sites,develop and improve the red cultural innovation projects,and strengthen the red culture itself and supporting the construction.This paper takes the old revolutionary area of Luxi as an example,conducts field investigation and visits based on the local county records and party history materials,and investigates a total of five red cultural sites and memorial halls in Luxi,focusing on the actual achievements and problems exposed in the protection and development of the current red cultural sites,to provide references and thinking for the protection,development,and innovative utilization of red cultural sites in the new era of our country.

Spatial pattern and temporal trend of prehistoric human sites and its driving factors in Henan Province, Central China

The Yangshao Culture （approx. 6.9-5.5 ka BP） and the Longshan Culture （approx. 4.6-4.0 ka BP） played important roles in Henan＇s Neolithic Period. Due to spatial distribution of the Yangshao cultural sites, they had a river-oriented trend in comparison with those in the Longshan Period. Apart from terrain factors, distribution of the sites in both periods is subject to paleo-environmental changes. The Yangshao Culture originated in Holocene Optimum Period, and the Longshan Culture started in climatic fluctuations prior to Neolithic ending. But the latter owned more sites and wider scopes than the former did. Both the Cultures devel- oped fast in rich rainfall and warm periods, and withered for abrupt cooling events in 5.4 ka BP and 4.0 ka BP respectively. Therefore, the sustainability of Henan＇s Neolithic Cultures is not good as expected. Whilst, the ancient farming acted an irreplaceable part in distribution of human sites, and the need for farming space prompted human sites to expand from the western hilly areas towards the eastern plain of Henan. Moreover, the neighboring cultures poured into Henan and complicated the cultural patterns. Besides, characteristics of the sites in the Erlitou Period suggest that some social factors disturbed the spatial pattern at the end of Neolithic age in Henan.

Spatiotemporal characteristics of cultural sites and their driving forces in the Ili River Valley during historical periods

This study applies ArcGIS to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of cultural sites in the Ill River Valley in northwestern China. It explores relationships between the sites＇ spatiotemporal evolutionary characteristics, human history, and the natural environment. The results indicate that the numbers and proportions of the sites, and the frequency of their oc- currence, exhibited an inverted V-shaped change trend during six historical periods. The ＂high in the east and low in the west＂ spatial distribution pattern of the first three periods shifted to the one the ＂high in the west and low in the east＂ during the latter three periods, demonstrating a change in the spatial center of gravity of human activities. The sites were mainly distributed on slopes of grades 1-5, with their proportions increasing from 75% during the Spring and Autumn Period （770 BC-476 BC）-Qin Dynasty （221 BC-207 BC） to 93.75% during the Qing Dynasty-Modern period. The concentrated distribution of site elevations shifted from grades 4-8 during the Spring and Autumn Period-Qin Dynasty, and the Western Han （206 BC-8）-Southern and Northern Dynasties （420-589）, to grades 1-4 during the latter three periods. The number of sites showed a shifting trend from high-elevation mountains and hills to low-elevation plains, and from high slopes to low slopes. In particular, the sites exhibited a special ＂moist＂ evolutionary pattern of migration from middle and upstream areas to downstream areas, as opposed to the migration pattern of sites located in typical arid areas. The study also considered factors influencing the distribution and spatiotemporal evolution of cultural sites, notably, human factors and natural factors.

Evaluating visitor experience of digital interpretation and presentation technologies at cultural heritage sites:a case study of the old town,Zuoying

Digital technologies are increasingly used in the interpretation and presentation process at cultural heritage sites,shifting the manner of heritage display from previous ways,which tended to be monolithic and static,to a more diversified,experiential,and interactive approach and enabling new connections between heritage and the public.Digital experience is gradually becoming an important component of visitors’heritage experience.However,little attention has been paid to the influence and effects that these technologies have on the visitor experience,and a corresponding measurement framework for the heritage digital experience is still lacking.To contribute to the design,implementation,and management of digital display systems at cultural heritage sites,this research aims to evaluate visitors’expectations,acceptance,and experience of digital interpretation and presentation technologies.A mixed methodology,combining questionnaires based on a digital experience evaluation framework and semi-structured interviews,was adopted and used in Old Zuoying City(OZC),a typical heritage site for the application of digital display technologies in Taiwan.Our study indicates that digital display technologies received high acceptance from heritage visitors and had a positive impact on some specific aspects,such as encouraging their exploration of and further learning about the site,helping them better visualize the richness of heritage,and creating new experiences of perceiving,engaging,and communicating with history.In addition,based on the survey findings,a number of recommendations for the current stage of digital display design are presented.The survey results and evaluation framework can be used as a reference for other research on heritage visitors and to improve digital interpretation and presentation design.

Restoring Cultural Heritage Sites

Most of the post-quake cultural heritage rescue and protection projects in Sichuan have been completed The State Administration of Cultural Heritage recently rewarded 132 individuals and organizations for their work in rescuing and protecting cultural relics damaged by the Wenchuan earthquake on May12,2008.