The seven co-located sites of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China（CMONOC） in Shanghai, Wuhan, Kunming, Beijing, Xi＇an, Changchun, and Urumqi are equipped with Global Navigation Satellite System（GNSS...The seven co-located sites of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China（CMONOC） in Shanghai, Wuhan, Kunming, Beijing, Xi＇an, Changchun, and Urumqi are equipped with Global Navigation Satellite System（GNSS）, very long baseline interferometry（VLBI）, and satellite laser ranging（SLR） equipment. Co-location surveying of these sites was performed in 2012 and the accuracies of the solved tie vectors are approximately 5 mm.This paper proposes a mathematical model that handles the least squares adjustment of the 3D control network and calculates the tie vectors in one step, using all the available constraints in the adjustment. Using the new mathematical model, local tie vectors can be more precisely determined and their covariance more reasonably estimated.展开更多
Essential language sites and the arcuate fasciculus（AF） have been extensively researched. However, the relationship between them remains insufficiently studied,especially in healthy people. Navigated transcranial ma...Essential language sites and the arcuate fasciculus（AF） have been extensively researched. However, the relationship between them remains insufficiently studied,especially in healthy people. Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation（n TMS） is increasingly used in language mapping. While enjoying the advantage of non-invasiveness, it is also capable of inducing a virtual lesion in the brain. Thus, it offers the possibility of using the virtuallesion method to study the healthy brain. This study combined n TMS and diffusion tensor imaging（DTI）tractography to investigate the relationship between essential language sites and the AF in 30 healthy right-handedvolunteers. A total of 143 essential language sites were identified using n TMS, and a total of 175 AF terminations were identified using DTI tractography. Sixty-six sites had a direct correlation with the AF, accounting for 46% of the total essential language sites. Forty-seven AF terminations harbored essential language sites, accounting for 27% of the total AF terminations. Upon data rendering to the cortical parcellation system, a region-related heterogeneity of the correlation rate was found. This study provides the first data on the relationship between essential language sites and the AF in healthy adults.展开更多
基金sponsored by the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China(CMONOC)partially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(41274035,41174023)
文摘The seven co-located sites of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China（CMONOC） in Shanghai, Wuhan, Kunming, Beijing, Xi＇an, Changchun, and Urumqi are equipped with Global Navigation Satellite System（GNSS）, very long baseline interferometry（VLBI）, and satellite laser ranging（SLR） equipment. Co-location surveying of these sites was performed in 2012 and the accuracies of the solved tie vectors are approximately 5 mm.This paper proposes a mathematical model that handles the least squares adjustment of the 3D control network and calculates the tie vectors in one step, using all the available constraints in the adjustment. Using the new mathematical model, local tie vectors can be more precisely determined and their covariance more reasonably estimated.
基金supported in part by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81272782 and 81472352)the Chinese Society of Neuro-oncology,Chinese AntiCancer Association(CSNO2014MSD01)Special Funds for Instruments of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81127003)
文摘Essential language sites and the arcuate fasciculus（AF） have been extensively researched. However, the relationship between them remains insufficiently studied,especially in healthy people. Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation（n TMS） is increasingly used in language mapping. While enjoying the advantage of non-invasiveness, it is also capable of inducing a virtual lesion in the brain. Thus, it offers the possibility of using the virtuallesion method to study the healthy brain. This study combined n TMS and diffusion tensor imaging（DTI）tractography to investigate the relationship between essential language sites and the AF in 30 healthy right-handedvolunteers. A total of 143 essential language sites were identified using n TMS, and a total of 175 AF terminations were identified using DTI tractography. Sixty-six sites had a direct correlation with the AF, accounting for 46% of the total essential language sites. Forty-seven AF terminations harbored essential language sites, accounting for 27% of the total AF terminations. Upon data rendering to the cortical parcellation system, a region-related heterogeneity of the correlation rate was found. This study provides the first data on the relationship between essential language sites and the AF in healthy adults.
