Introduction: The Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) is an inexpensive method to objectively evaluate physical capacity or limitation and stratify prognosis in patients with Heart Failure (HF). Since the clinical p...Introduction: The Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) is an inexpensive method to objectively evaluate physical capacity or limitation and stratify prognosis in patients with Heart Failure (HF). Since the clinical perception of symptoms may be adapted or compromised, regular evaluation from medical interviews often fails to determine functional classification. This study aimed to assess the correlation between New York Heart Association Functional Class (NYHA-FC) and the distance walked in the 6MWT. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study that included patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction followed up at an outpatient service of a teaching hospital, from August 2018 to April 2019. Patients in NYHA-FC I, II, or III were included. We compared NYHA-FC subjectively obtained during the consultation with the 6MWT performed after medical consultation, and the correlation between these two parameters was assessed. Results: The study included 70 patients with HF, 41 (58.6%) of whom were female. The mean age was 61.2 ± 12.7 years. The most prevalent etiologies were dilated idiopathic cardiomyopathy (35.7%) followed by ischemic cardiomyopathy (25.7%). The mean ejection fraction was 34.1% ± 9.8%. The average distance walked in the 6MWT by NYHA-FC I patients was 437.8 ± 95.8 meters, NYHA-FC II 360.1 ± 96.4, and NYHA-FC III 248.4 ± 98.3. Functional class measured by the 6MWT was different than that estimated by NYHA-FC in 34 patients (48.6%), 23 (32.9%) for a higher functional class and 11 (15.7%) for a lower one (p = 0.07). Pearson’s correlation coefficient between NYHA-FC and the 6MWT was -0.55. Conclusion: There was a moderate correlation between the subjective NYHA-FC and the 6MWT. The 6MWT revealed a different classification from NYHA-FC in almost half of the patients. Among those who presented discrepancies between methods, 6MWT reclassification towards a higher functional class was more common.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients with cirrhosis are at risk of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy,with resulting cardiac dysfunction and exercise limitations.Six minute walking test(6MWT)assesses functional status and predicts morbidity and...BACKGROUND Patients with cirrhosis are at risk of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy,with resulting cardiac dysfunction and exercise limitations.Six minute walking test(6MWT)assesses functional status and predicts morbidity and mortality in cardiopulmonary diseases.AIM To determine if it associates with mortality by analyzing 6MWT performance in patients with liver cirrhosis.METHODS A cohort of 106 cirrhotic patients was evaluated in the outpatient setting with echocardiogram and 6MWT and follow up for one year to document hepatic decompensation and mortality.The distance in meters was recorded at the end of 6 min(6MWD).RESULTS This cohort had a mean age of 51 years and 56%male;patients were staged as Child A in 21.7%,B 66%and C 12.3%.Walk distance inversely correlated with Child scores,and was significantly reduced as Child stages progresses.Patients who died(10.4%)showed shorter mean 6MWD(P=0.006).Low 6MWD was an independent predictor of mortality(P=0.01).CONCLUSION 6MWT is a noninvasive inexpensive test whose result is related to Child scores and mortality.It is useful to identify patients with liver cirrhosis at high risk of mortality for closer monitoring and potential early intervention.展开更多
Use of the six-minute walk test has been proposed as a prognostic marker in liver cirrhosis.In the Letter to the Editor presented here,the authors highlight some important points,which were raised after the article wa...Use of the six-minute walk test has been proposed as a prognostic marker in liver cirrhosis.In the Letter to the Editor presented here,the authors highlight some important points,which were raised after the article was published in the November issue of the World Journal of Hepatology.展开更多
Objectives To analyze the six-minute walk test （6MWT） and gas exchange of 5 heart transplantation patients and to approach the variation tendency of exercise tolerance, oxygen uptake （ VO2 ） and heart rate chronot...Objectives To analyze the six-minute walk test （6MWT） and gas exchange of 5 heart transplantation patients and to approach the variation tendency of exercise tolerance, oxygen uptake （ VO2 ） and heart rate chronotropic response. Methods 5 cases of heart transplantation patients （ age 25 - 52 years） were undertaken 6MWT 6 - 30 months after operation, synchronizing gas exchanging parameters were measured by wireless portable remote sensing K4B^2 gas analyzer, 51 normal controls were compared. Results The six-minute walk distance （6MWD） of 5 patients were （592.6 ± 26.7 ） m （558 - 625 ） m, the ascending tendency during exercise was slower, the maximum heart rates were 80% ± 6% of age-predicting maximal heart rate, lower than normal control （86%） ; the end point VO2/kg were （21.8 ± 1.4 ） mL/min · kg （ 19. 94 - 23.60） mL/min · kg. Conclusions The 6WMD and VO2 of 5 patients reached normal range, but the heart rate chronotropic response and VO2 ascending tendency were slower than those of normal controls.展开更多
Objectives To assess the relationship between peak oxygen consumption （PVO2） and the ambulation distance in six-minute walk test （6MWT）among the healthy subjects. Methods The 51 healthy subjects were recruited for...Objectives To assess the relationship between peak oxygen consumption （PVO2） and the ambulation distance in six-minute walk test （6MWT）among the healthy subjects. Methods The 51 healthy subjects were recruited for the six-minute walk test. Data of pulmonary gas exchange breath by breath, such as VO2 , VCO2 were real-time measured with wireless remote sensing K4B2, so to study the relationship between peak oxygen uptake and the ambulation distance. Results It was noticed that there was a positive linear correlation between the ambulation distance and PVO2 （ r =0. 619, P 〈0. 001 ） in six-minute walk test. The regression equation was set up （ VO2/kg =0. 05D -6. 331, P 〈 0. 001 ）. PVO2 〉 PVCO2 ,R 〈 1 were found,which suggested that 6MWT was a test below anaerobic threshold. Conclusions There was a closely positive linear correlation between the ambulation distance and PVO2, which is safety, convenient and valuable for the evaluation of cardiopulmonary function and the treatment of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation.展开更多
Aging induces decrease of locomotor capacity and its decrease is associated with an increased risk of falls. Several lines of evidence indicate that both change in muscle power and aerobic fitness are causative. Mobil...Aging induces decrease of locomotor capacity and its decrease is associated with an increased risk of falls. Several lines of evidence indicate that both change in muscle power and aerobic fitness are causative. Mobility tests are usually based on a maximal exercise stress test;however, this test is often difficult and sometimes frightening to older persons. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine age and gender differences in 3-min walk distance test (3WDT), and time of chair-rising test (CRT) of functional mobility. 153 men and 159 women aged from 20 to 78 years were recruited as subjects of the present study. The body composition measured the height, body mass (BM), body mass index (BMI), lean tissue mass (LTM), and waist circumference (WC). The Functional mobility tests measured the peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), 3WDT, leg extension strength (LES), and times of CRT. Both in men and women, height and BMI, WC decreased and increased, respectively, with age. Height, BM, LTM, WC in men are higher than in women. We found no correlation between ages and 3WDT in women and a significant, negative correlation in men. All parameters of fitness performance were negatively correlated with age. Both in men and women, all parameters of fitness performance were positively correlated with sex. Both in men and women, VO2peak, 3WDT, and LES decreased with age. All parameters of fitness performance in men are higher than in women. Both in men and women were observed for the correlation between 3WDT and VO2peak, LES and CRT respectively. Although as the correlation coefficient between 3WTD and VO2peak, LES and CRT were low (r = 0.28 - 0.38), an error may occur, this study shows that 3WDT and CRT test can be a feasible method of providing the information for muscle power and aerobic fitness, possibly avoiding the need for a maximal stress test.展开更多
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is among the leading causes of hospital-related disability-adjusted life years lost. We aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of functional capacity impairment six...Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is among the leading causes of hospital-related disability-adjusted life years lost. We aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of functional capacity impairment six to twelve months after an acute VTE event. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between January and April 2021 in two referral hospitals of Yaoundé, including consenting adult patients admitted to these hospitals six to twelve months ago for VTE. We excluded dead patients and those with any comorbidity or symptoms limiting physical activity. The functional outcome was assessed with the six-minute walk test. Functional capacity impairment was defined as walking distance lower than the expected value. Results: We included 27 cases in this study with a mean age of 53.2 ± 14.4 years. The prevalence of functional capacity impairment was 29.6% (95% CI: 14.8 - 48.1). Factors associated with poor functional outcome were obesity (OR: 59.5;95% CI: 4.6 - 767.2;p - 207.4;p = 0.017), massive PE (OR: 30;95% CI: 2.5 - 354;p = 0.004), and poor adherence to treatment (OR: 30.3;95% CI: 2.5 - 333.3;p = 0.004). Conclusion: Functional capacity impairment is common in the medium-term after VTE and factors associated with this poor outcome are obesity, the severity of the VTE, and poor adherence to treatment.展开更多
文摘Introduction: The Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) is an inexpensive method to objectively evaluate physical capacity or limitation and stratify prognosis in patients with Heart Failure (HF). Since the clinical perception of symptoms may be adapted or compromised, regular evaluation from medical interviews often fails to determine functional classification. This study aimed to assess the correlation between New York Heart Association Functional Class (NYHA-FC) and the distance walked in the 6MWT. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study that included patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction followed up at an outpatient service of a teaching hospital, from August 2018 to April 2019. Patients in NYHA-FC I, II, or III were included. We compared NYHA-FC subjectively obtained during the consultation with the 6MWT performed after medical consultation, and the correlation between these two parameters was assessed. Results: The study included 70 patients with HF, 41 (58.6%) of whom were female. The mean age was 61.2 ± 12.7 years. The most prevalent etiologies were dilated idiopathic cardiomyopathy (35.7%) followed by ischemic cardiomyopathy (25.7%). The mean ejection fraction was 34.1% ± 9.8%. The average distance walked in the 6MWT by NYHA-FC I patients was 437.8 ± 95.8 meters, NYHA-FC II 360.1 ± 96.4, and NYHA-FC III 248.4 ± 98.3. Functional class measured by the 6MWT was different than that estimated by NYHA-FC in 34 patients (48.6%), 23 (32.9%) for a higher functional class and 11 (15.7%) for a lower one (p = 0.07). Pearson’s correlation coefficient between NYHA-FC and the 6MWT was -0.55. Conclusion: There was a moderate correlation between the subjective NYHA-FC and the 6MWT. The 6MWT revealed a different classification from NYHA-FC in almost half of the patients. Among those who presented discrepancies between methods, 6MWT reclassification towards a higher functional class was more common.
文摘BACKGROUND Patients with cirrhosis are at risk of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy,with resulting cardiac dysfunction and exercise limitations.Six minute walking test(6MWT)assesses functional status and predicts morbidity and mortality in cardiopulmonary diseases.AIM To determine if it associates with mortality by analyzing 6MWT performance in patients with liver cirrhosis.METHODS A cohort of 106 cirrhotic patients was evaluated in the outpatient setting with echocardiogram and 6MWT and follow up for one year to document hepatic decompensation and mortality.The distance in meters was recorded at the end of 6 min(6MWD).RESULTS This cohort had a mean age of 51 years and 56%male;patients were staged as Child A in 21.7%,B 66%and C 12.3%.Walk distance inversely correlated with Child scores,and was significantly reduced as Child stages progresses.Patients who died(10.4%)showed shorter mean 6MWD(P=0.006).Low 6MWD was an independent predictor of mortality(P=0.01).CONCLUSION 6MWT is a noninvasive inexpensive test whose result is related to Child scores and mortality.It is useful to identify patients with liver cirrhosis at high risk of mortality for closer monitoring and potential early intervention.
文摘Use of the six-minute walk test has been proposed as a prognostic marker in liver cirrhosis.In the Letter to the Editor presented here,the authors highlight some important points,which were raised after the article was published in the November issue of the World Journal of Hepatology.
文摘Objectives To analyze the six-minute walk test （6MWT） and gas exchange of 5 heart transplantation patients and to approach the variation tendency of exercise tolerance, oxygen uptake （ VO2 ） and heart rate chronotropic response. Methods 5 cases of heart transplantation patients （ age 25 - 52 years） were undertaken 6MWT 6 - 30 months after operation, synchronizing gas exchanging parameters were measured by wireless portable remote sensing K4B^2 gas analyzer, 51 normal controls were compared. Results The six-minute walk distance （6MWD） of 5 patients were （592.6 ± 26.7 ） m （558 - 625 ） m, the ascending tendency during exercise was slower, the maximum heart rates were 80% ± 6% of age-predicting maximal heart rate, lower than normal control （86%） ; the end point VO2/kg were （21.8 ± 1.4 ） mL/min · kg （ 19. 94 - 23.60） mL/min · kg. Conclusions The 6WMD and VO2 of 5 patients reached normal range, but the heart rate chronotropic response and VO2 ascending tendency were slower than those of normal controls.
文摘Objectives To assess the relationship between peak oxygen consumption （PVO2） and the ambulation distance in six-minute walk test （6MWT）among the healthy subjects. Methods The 51 healthy subjects were recruited for the six-minute walk test. Data of pulmonary gas exchange breath by breath, such as VO2 , VCO2 were real-time measured with wireless remote sensing K4B2, so to study the relationship between peak oxygen uptake and the ambulation distance. Results It was noticed that there was a positive linear correlation between the ambulation distance and PVO2 （ r =0. 619, P 〈0. 001 ） in six-minute walk test. The regression equation was set up （ VO2/kg =0. 05D -6. 331, P 〈 0. 001 ）. PVO2 〉 PVCO2 ,R 〈 1 were found,which suggested that 6MWT was a test below anaerobic threshold. Conclusions There was a closely positive linear correlation between the ambulation distance and PVO2, which is safety, convenient and valuable for the evaluation of cardiopulmonary function and the treatment of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation.
文摘Aging induces decrease of locomotor capacity and its decrease is associated with an increased risk of falls. Several lines of evidence indicate that both change in muscle power and aerobic fitness are causative. Mobility tests are usually based on a maximal exercise stress test;however, this test is often difficult and sometimes frightening to older persons. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine age and gender differences in 3-min walk distance test (3WDT), and time of chair-rising test (CRT) of functional mobility. 153 men and 159 women aged from 20 to 78 years were recruited as subjects of the present study. The body composition measured the height, body mass (BM), body mass index (BMI), lean tissue mass (LTM), and waist circumference (WC). The Functional mobility tests measured the peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), 3WDT, leg extension strength (LES), and times of CRT. Both in men and women, height and BMI, WC decreased and increased, respectively, with age. Height, BM, LTM, WC in men are higher than in women. We found no correlation between ages and 3WDT in women and a significant, negative correlation in men. All parameters of fitness performance were negatively correlated with age. Both in men and women, all parameters of fitness performance were positively correlated with sex. Both in men and women, VO2peak, 3WDT, and LES decreased with age. All parameters of fitness performance in men are higher than in women. Both in men and women were observed for the correlation between 3WDT and VO2peak, LES and CRT respectively. Although as the correlation coefficient between 3WTD and VO2peak, LES and CRT were low (r = 0.28 - 0.38), an error may occur, this study shows that 3WDT and CRT test can be a feasible method of providing the information for muscle power and aerobic fitness, possibly avoiding the need for a maximal stress test.
文摘Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is among the leading causes of hospital-related disability-adjusted life years lost. We aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of functional capacity impairment six to twelve months after an acute VTE event. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between January and April 2021 in two referral hospitals of Yaoundé, including consenting adult patients admitted to these hospitals six to twelve months ago for VTE. We excluded dead patients and those with any comorbidity or symptoms limiting physical activity. The functional outcome was assessed with the six-minute walk test. Functional capacity impairment was defined as walking distance lower than the expected value. Results: We included 27 cases in this study with a mean age of 53.2 ± 14.4 years. The prevalence of functional capacity impairment was 29.6% (95% CI: 14.8 - 48.1). Factors associated with poor functional outcome were obesity (OR: 59.5;95% CI: 4.6 - 767.2;p - 207.4;p = 0.017), massive PE (OR: 30;95% CI: 2.5 - 354;p = 0.004), and poor adherence to treatment (OR: 30.3;95% CI: 2.5 - 333.3;p = 0.004). Conclusion: Functional capacity impairment is common in the medium-term after VTE and factors associated with this poor outcome are obesity, the severity of the VTE, and poor adherence to treatment.
