Calculation of Radii and Density of ^(7-19)B Isotopes Using Effective Skyrme Force

Abstract In this study, the proton and neutron densities, charge densities, rms nuclear charge radii, rms nuclear mass radii, rms nuclear proton, neutron radii, and neutron skin thickness are calculated by using Harfree-Fock method with an effective nucleon-nucleon Skyrme interactions with SⅠ, SⅡ, SⅣ, T3, SKM, and SKM^＊ parameters. These nuclear properties for the neutron-rich isotopes of B （Boron） are presented. The calculated results are compared with the experimental and theoretical results of other researchers.

Global analysis of Skyrme forces with higher-order density dependencies

The density-dependent term in Skyrme forces is essential to simulate three-body and many-body correlations beyond the low-momentum two-body interaction. We speculate that a single density term may be insumcient and a higher-order density dependent term is added. The present work investigates the influence of higher-order density dependencies based on extended UNEDF0 and SkM＊ forces. Global descriptions of nuclear masses and charge radii are presented. The extended UNEDF0 force gives a global rms error on binding energies of 1.29 MeV. The influence on fission barriers and equation of state are also investigated. Perspectives to improve Skyrme forces are discussed, including global center-of-mass corrections and Lipkin-Nogami pairing corrections.

Investigating the effect of entrance channel mass asymmetry on fusion reactions using the Skyrme energy density formalism

In the present investigations,the fusion crosssections for the formation of 200Pb compound nucleus(CN)using 16O+184 W,30Si+170Er,and 40Ar+160Gd nuclear reactions at energies above the Coulomb barrier were calculated to understand the effect of entrance channel mass asymmetry(α)on the fusion reactions;the Skyrme energy density formalism(SEDF)was used for this calculation.The SEDF uses the Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov(HFB)computational program with Skyrme forces such as SkM*,SLy4,and SLy5 to obtain the nucleus-nucleus potential parameters for the above reactions.Using the SEDF model with SkM*,SLy4,and SLy5 interaction forces,the theoretical fusion cross-sections were determined above the barrier energy and compared with the available experimental fusion cross-sections.The results show a close agreement between the theoretical and experimental values for all selected systems at energies well above the barrier.However,near the barrier energies,the theoretical values were observed to be higher than the experimental values.

Implications of neutron skin measurements on Skyrme equations of state

The recent measurements of neutron skins via parity violation in electron scattering have extracted an abnormally thick neutron skin for 208 Pb,which has significant consequences in nuclear equation of state(EoS)and neutron star observations.In this study,we perform optimizations of extended Skyrme forces in a consistent manner by including neutron skin thicknesses from PREX-Ⅱand CREX experiments and investigate nuclear EoSs and neutron stars in the GW170817 event By varying the fitting weights of neutron skins,several new Skyrme parameterizations are obtained.Our results show the competition in the fitting procedure to simultaneously describe neutron skins,other properties of finite nuclei,and neutron star observations.The prospects of resolving neutron skin issues are also discussed.

Potential energy surface and formation of superheavy nuclei with the Skyrme energy-density functional

With the Skyrme energy-density functional theory,the nucleus–nucleus potential is calculated and the potential energy surface is obtained with different effective forces for accurately estimating the formation cross sections of superheavy nuclei in massive fusion reactions.The width and height of the potential pocket are influenced by the Skyrme effective forces SkM,SkM^(*),SkP,SIII,Ska,and SLy4,which correspond to the different equations of state for the isospin symmetry nuclear matter.It is found that the nucleus–nucleus potential is associated with the collision orientation and Skyrme forces.A more repulsive nuclear potential is pronounced with increasing the incompressible modulus of nuclear matter,which hinders the formation of superheavy nuclei.The available data in the fusion-evaporation reaction of ^(48)Ca+^(238)U are nicely reproduced with the SkM^(*) parameter by implementing the potential into the dinuclear system model.

Comparison between global phenomenological and microscopic optical potentials for proton as projectile below 100 MeV

For 112 target nuclei （52 elements） with proton as projectile, we calculate the reaction cross sections and elastic scattering angular distributions, as well as the X^2 values for 16 kinds of proton optical model potentials： two sets of phenomenological global optical potentials and the microscopic optical potentials proposed by Shen et al for 14 sets of Skyrme force parameters： GSI-6, SBJS, SKM, SGI-Ⅱ, SKa-b, SCOI-Ⅱ. We find that for obtaining the proton microscopic optical potential based on the nuclear matter approach with Skyrme force, SGI, SKa and SKb are the three sets of optimal Skyrme force parameters.