Alcoholism and acquired immune deficiency syndrome are associated with severe muscle wasting.This impairment in nitrogen balance arises from increased protein degradation and a decreased rate of protein synthesis.The ...Alcoholism and acquired immune deficiency syndrome are associated with severe muscle wasting.This impairment in nitrogen balance arises from increased protein degradation and a decreased rate of protein synthesis.The regulation of protein synthesis is a complex process involving alterations in the phosphorylation state and protein-protein interaction of various components of the translation machinery and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) complexes.This review describes mechanisms that regulate protein synthesis in cultured C2C12 myocytes following exposure to either alcohol or human immunodeficiency virus antiretroviral drugs.Particular attention is given to the upstream regulators of mTOR complexes and the downstream targets which play an important role in translation.Gaining a better understanding of these molecular mechanisms could have important implications for preventing changes in lean body mass in patients with catabolic conditions or illnesses.展开更多
目的研究srGAP2(Slit-Robo GTPase activating Protein 2)、γ-氨基丁酸以及单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)在难治性癫痫患儿脑组织中的表达情况及意义。方法选取11例患儿的颞叶脑组织和同期11例正常标本的颞叶脑组织,使用免疫组化和免疫印...目的研究srGAP2(Slit-Robo GTPase activating Protein 2)、γ-氨基丁酸以及单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)在难治性癫痫患儿脑组织中的表达情况及意义。方法选取11例患儿的颞叶脑组织和同期11例正常标本的颞叶脑组织,使用免疫组化和免疫印迹等方法检测srGAP2、γ-氨基丁酸以及MCP-1的表达情况。结果难治性癫痫患儿脑组织中,srGAP2的阳性表达率显著高于正常脑组织。难治性癫痫患儿脑组织和正常脑组织可以看到染成棕褐色的神经元,但难治性癫痫患儿脑组织γ-氨基丁酸能神经元表达量明显低于正常脑组织。正常脑组织中MCP-1的表达较弱,而难治性癫痫患儿脑组织中MCP-1的表达较强。结论难治性癫痫患儿脑组织srGAP2和MCP-1表达上升而γ-氨基丁酸表达下降,srGAP2、γ-氨基丁酸及MCP-1与难治性癫痫发病密切相关,可能作为潜在治疗靶标。展开更多
基金Supported by National Institute of Health Grants R37 AA-011290and DK-072909
文摘Alcoholism and acquired immune deficiency syndrome are associated with severe muscle wasting.This impairment in nitrogen balance arises from increased protein degradation and a decreased rate of protein synthesis.The regulation of protein synthesis is a complex process involving alterations in the phosphorylation state and protein-protein interaction of various components of the translation machinery and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) complexes.This review describes mechanisms that regulate protein synthesis in cultured C2C12 myocytes following exposure to either alcohol or human immunodeficiency virus antiretroviral drugs.Particular attention is given to the upstream regulators of mTOR complexes and the downstream targets which play an important role in translation.Gaining a better understanding of these molecular mechanisms could have important implications for preventing changes in lean body mass in patients with catabolic conditions or illnesses.
文摘目的研究srGAP2(Slit-Robo GTPase activating Protein 2)、γ-氨基丁酸以及单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)在难治性癫痫患儿脑组织中的表达情况及意义。方法选取11例患儿的颞叶脑组织和同期11例正常标本的颞叶脑组织,使用免疫组化和免疫印迹等方法检测srGAP2、γ-氨基丁酸以及MCP-1的表达情况。结果难治性癫痫患儿脑组织中,srGAP2的阳性表达率显著高于正常脑组织。难治性癫痫患儿脑组织和正常脑组织可以看到染成棕褐色的神经元,但难治性癫痫患儿脑组织γ-氨基丁酸能神经元表达量明显低于正常脑组织。正常脑组织中MCP-1的表达较弱,而难治性癫痫患儿脑组织中MCP-1的表达较强。结论难治性癫痫患儿脑组织srGAP2和MCP-1表达上升而γ-氨基丁酸表达下降,srGAP2、γ-氨基丁酸及MCP-1与难治性癫痫发病密切相关,可能作为潜在治疗靶标。
