Planning of Small Cities and Towns in Northwest China Based on New Urbanization Concepts

Construction and development of small cities and towns is signifi cant for promoting economic and social development,and solving issues concerning "agriculture,rural areas and peasants". In view of the rapid development of small cities and towns,confl icts and problems in the planning and construction of the small cities and towns in northwest China have emerged and brought negative infl uence on their healthy and sustainable development. On the basis of analyzing scientifi c connotations and construction needs of new urbanization,development of northwest China,and reviews on planning of small cities and towns in this region,planning paths against the background of new urbanization were explored.

Problems in the Development of Small Cities and Towns in West China and Countermeasures: A Case Study of Luzhou City, Sichuan Province

New urbanization targets at coordinated urban-rural development, and construction of ecological and livable environment, it is the foundation for breaking urban-rural dual structure of China and promoting the agricultural modernization. Small cities and towns as carriers of new urbanization have already become important paths of realizing new urbanization and solving problems concerning 300 million peasants in China. Considering the requirements of new urbanization, this paper took Luzhou City in Sichuan Province for example to explore development path suitable for small cities and towns in west China and gave pertinent suggestions.

Study on Landscape Character Assessment System in Small Cities and Towns

The paper elaborated landscape character assessment system of small cities and towns, defi ned the assessment objects, application range of assessment fruits, specifi c evaluation methods and procedures. Taking Gexianshan Town in Pengzhou City for example, technical means for assessing landscape characters were adopted for the landscape assessment, which provided professional support for the future planning.

Full scale application of combined SBF-AS process for municipal wastewater treatment in small towns and cities in China

The combined submerged biofilm （ SBF）-activated sludge （AS） process for treatment of municipal wastewater in a small city in China is described in this paper. The process exhibited high removal efficiencies for carbonaceous substances, nitrogen and phosphorus which mainly took place in the combined SBF-AS biore- actor. The SBF-AS bioreactor was divided into pre-anoxic, anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic zones from inlet to outlet, in which fixed biofilm carriers were packed. Excellent performance had been obtained under normal operating conditions in more than one year of operation in Dong＇ e municipal WWTP, Shandong province, with mean removal efficiencies of BOD5 93.4%, COD 88%, SS 92%, NH4 - N 82. 1%, TP 75% and TN 66.7%, and quite high effluent quality such as BOD5 6 to 10 rag/L, COD 20 to 40 rag/L, SS 5 to 10 rag/L, TN 10 to 20 rag/L, NH4 - N 4 to 8 mg/L and TP 0. 6 to 1.0 mg/L. The effluent was reused multi-purposely, such as toilet flushing, green belt watering and artificial lake pounding. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification took place due to the DO gradient in biofilm in aerobic zone of the SBF-AS bioreactor, which made TN removal efficiency improved remarkably in system. Some activated sludge was returned from final clarifiers to the bioreactor for phosphorus removal. The process had the advantages of low investment and low operational/ maintenance （O/M） costs, low sludge yield and was preferably employed in small towns and cities.

Five-force Analysis and Market Strategies of Budget Hotels in Small and Medium-sized Cities --ake Xuchang Jinjiang INN for Example

Budget hotels, as an emerging hotel model, were started and attained a rapid development in China in the last ten years, and have proven to be important part of China抯 hotel industry. As competitions in the hotel industry become increasingly fiercer, budget hotel brands launch a fight for seizing more market share. Therefore, it is necessary for Xuchang Jinjiang INN as a famous hotel brand to be distinguished from the hotel product strategies of the developed economic areas in the development environment of the small and medium-sized tourism cities, so as to adapt to the characteristics of regional market.

On the Development Principles and Models of Recreational Belt around Small and Middle Cities

The definition and type of recreational belt around metropolis were introduced,the development principles of recreational spot around small and middle cities were analyzed.With Baoding City as an example,the empirical analysis was conducted,and the development models of recreational spot around metropolis in Baoding City were put forward.

Comprehensive Reform and Construction of Small Towns:A Case Study of Ningde City

Taking Ningde City as an example,this paper analyzed current situations of construction and comprehensive reform of small towns.It further discussed existing problems and causes in the construction and comprehensive reform of small towns.Finally,it came up with pertinent recommendations,in the hope of providing some valuable references for construction and comprehensive reform of small towns in Ningde City.

Small Town Construction in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period: A Case Study of Shangrao City

The 12 th Five-Year Plan period was unusual five years in the development of China. Under the dual pressure of complex international environment and arduous domestic reform task,China made outstanding achievements in economic development,which lays a solid foundation for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects in the 13 th Five-Year Plan period. The key and difficult points of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects lie in solving issues concerning agriculture,farmers,and rural areas. The 18 th National Congress of the CPC stated that integrated urban and rural development is the fundamental approach for solving issues concerning agriculture,farmers,and rural areas. As a transitional form from rural areas to urban areas,small town play an important role in integrated urban and rural development. In the 13 th Five-Year Plan period,China should take a new road of characteristic urbanization,energetically develop key towns,central towns,and characteristic towns,use points to drive areas,and promote coordinated progress of urbanization construction and new countryside construction. Focusing on the objective of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and taking Shangrao City as an example,we analyzed construction of small town,in order to provide scientific theoretical reference for urbanization development,plan preparation,and policy formulation of Shangrao City.

基于GIS技术的山地小城镇雨洪灾害风险评估

在快速城镇化和工业化背景下,城市的自然灾害风险日益暴露,尤其是雨洪灾害问题日益突出。针对巩义市近年来不断发生的洪涝灾害,基于自然灾害风险评估理论,构建以致灾因子危险性、孕灾环境孕险性、承灾体易损性、防灾减灾能力为评价因子的雨洪灾害风险模型,共选取14个指标进行定量分析,运用SCS模型和GIS空间分析功能,最终得出巩义市雨洪灾害综合风险区划图。结果表明:巩义市米河镇、回郭镇、芝田镇、孝义街道等地区致灾因子危险性较大;北部、西部和东部包括河洛镇、孝义街道、回郭镇、芝田镇、米河镇等孕灾环境孕险性较高;西部和中部承灾体易损性较大,包括回郭镇、芝田镇、站街镇等;北部整体防灾减灾能力较强,包括站街镇、紫荆路街道等地区。综合来说,巩义市雨洪灾害总体风险等级较高,高风险区主要分布在中部偏北和西部,呈带状分布。

Impact of City Scale and Regional Difference on Small & Medium-Sized Cities' Development and Its Implication

By studying the relationship between urban development performance and city scale and regional difference, this paper aims at revealing the real challenges faced by small and medium-sized cities(referred to as SMSC hereafter) in China. It analyzes the growth of different-sized cities, their positions in China's overall urban system, the influence of city scale on their capability in migrant absorption, economic development, public service, and environmental remediation, as well as the capability difference among SMSCs. Results show that city scale is less a determinant in economic development capability and per capita ownership of public service than in economic performance, quality of public service, and environmental remediation capabilities. Besides, there are many other factors determined by regional differences instead of city scale. Therefore, in the context when SMSC plays an increasingly important role in the process of urbanization, relevant parties should avoid the "trap of scale," and re-position urbanization within the framework of sustainable development.

Study on administrative division reform of China’s small and medium-sized cities in the urbanization process

Throughout the world,urbanization has been basically understood to refer to the process of increasing population flow from rural to urban areas.To adapt to this irreversible process,besides eradicating the urban-rural dual household system,China needs to accelerate the building of administrative system in small and medium-sized cities,which will enable them to absorb more migrants from rural areas,and thereby help ease the burden on large cities,and forge a sensible urban system.According to the statistics in this paper,by 2050,China’s urbanization rate will reach around 80%.This calls for as many as 1,050 small and medium-sized cities,i.e.,those capable of accommodating less than 500,000 residents.Currently,however,there are only 383 cities of that scale in China.Therefore,we need to think hard and clearly about how counties and towns are best developed under the urbanization drive,how to achieve optimal administrative structure through reclassification and adjustment of different administrative units,and how,in general,to enhance the quality of urbanization in China.

The Dilemma and Way-Out of Urban and Rural Planning Management in China's Small and Medium-Sized Cities

In China, for small and medium-sized cities, urban and rural planning management should play an important role during the process of urbanization. However, it failed to do that in reality due to a series of limits, such as local fiscal deficiency, scarce human resources, incomplete management systems, historic planning defects, inadequate supervisions, and imperfect regulations, etc. This paper made a comprehensive analysis on the dilemma of urban and rural planning management in China's small and medium-sized cities and the interests and status of the government, enterprises and public in space resource allocation and put forward the methods to improve the quality of planning management in China's small and medium-sized cities from the view of systems and mechanisms.

城市更新视角下经济欠发达小城市棚户区改造模式探索——以唐山市曹妃甸区唐海镇为例

我国城市正逐步从“增量开发”为主转变为“增存并举”的发展模式,城市更新成为国家战略,棚户区改造亦成为城市更新的重要内容之一。近年来,大拆大建的改造模式越发难以为继,特别是对于发展动力不足的小城市,棚户区改造的理念、模式均需转型。在研究分析目前棚户区改造的四种主要模式的基础上,文章以唐山市曹妃甸区唐海镇为例,对经济欠发达小城市棚户区改造的主要困境进行分析,提出建议,希望能为其他类似地区提供借鉴。

不同城镇化发展阶段的小城镇建设政策制定与实施比较分析——基于江苏两市的经验研究

政策对推动小城镇建设发展具有重要作用,进而直接影响着县域城镇体系的基本构成与县域城镇化的发展水平。本文选取江苏省徐州市、苏州市两个不同城镇化发展阶段的典型地区为研究对象,构建包括政策目标、政策举措和政策实施等维度的小城镇建设政策制定实施全过程比较分析框架,结合长达10年以上的徐州“中心镇创建”和苏州“美丽城镇建设”行动及相关系列政策,开展详细的政策比较分析。总结出小城镇建设政策的共性逻辑是以空间治理为切入点、以“人”“地”“钱”政策为工具箱、以持续渐进为实施机制;同时,不同城镇化发展阶段地区由于发展目标和现实基础的差异,重点在政策组合投放力度和实施路径上有所差异;未来,小城镇建设政策需在新时代的强统筹、紧约束、高质量发展等语境下不断创新优化,才能进一步有效推动自身及县域的发展。

特色小城镇视角下建筑立面色彩应用策略研究——以董市镇“擦亮小城镇”项目为例

当前,城镇发展由追求效率的增量型发展向注重品质的存量型发展转变,城镇风貌越来越受到重视。在城镇快速发展过程中,城镇建筑立面色彩应用不当导致城镇色彩秩序混乱,以致城镇色彩特色风貌消退,影响城镇风貌的问题还大量存在,故对影响城镇风貌的建筑立面色彩应用策略的研究显得尤为重要。文章基于特色小城镇视角,分析董市镇主要街道沿街建筑立面的色彩问题,结合董市镇自然和人文特色,以立足城镇整体规划、结合特色产业色彩、汲取文化遗产色彩、响应城镇居民色彩需求为指导原则,开展特色小城镇视角下建筑立面色彩应用策略研究,为提升小城镇的人居环境品质和营建城镇特色风貌提供设计实践指导。

面向品质提升的小城镇城市更新规划研究——以海南省万宁市中心城区为例

存量发展背景下,城市更新是盘活城市发展空间的主要手段,是城市品质提升的重要途径,其最终目的是实现城市的高质量发展。本文基于城市品质的概念内涵和城市更新的现实需求,构建包括生态环境品质、居住空间品质、交通出行品质、安全韧性品质四个维度的城市品质提升理论框架,并以万宁市中心城区城市更新综合规划为例,通过分析城市更新的现实困境,提出面向城市品质提升的小城镇城市更新规划策略,以期为我国小城镇城市更新的高质量发展提供参考借鉴。

小城镇街道设计评价与更新策略研究——以枝江市董市镇为例

小城镇是新型城镇化发展中的重要组成部分,小城镇街道是市民日常生活的重要载体。街道设计导则是对多要素、多管理模式的街道空间的有效统一路径。通过解读国内外街道设计导则主要内容及设计要素,梳理出适合小城镇街道更新中的设计要点,构建评价模型。文章以枝江市董市镇为研究对象,通过李克特量表法量化设计评价,总结现状问题,从搭建街道反馈机制及营造和谐人居环境方面提出街道更新策略,旨在为改善城镇街道空间品质、实现居民美好生活愿景提供理论借鉴。

联动发展导向下的边界地区小城镇跨区域规划探索

受自然地理条件、行政区经济等因素影响,边界地区小城镇往往交通连通度低、经济基础薄弱、发展动力不足,是区域经济发展的薄弱环节。跨区域联动发展,有利于破除单个小城镇资源少、规模小、实力弱的问题,增强区域发展动力和协调性。本文以重庆市忠县和石柱县边界地区的小城镇为研究对象,在分析联动发展要求和面临困难的基础上,提出跨区域规划的技术思路,即以整合优势资源为切入点,推动从单打独斗到联动发展,从跨镇域区域联动到跨县域和跨区域联动,从乡镇之间低层次联动到市、县、镇三级联动,开展规划编制,组织规划实施。在技术方法上,统筹全局与一域、保护与发展、战略与行动,探索谋划定向、策划赋能、规划统筹、计划推动的“四划协同”技术方法,切实推动三峡库心地区跨区域联动发展。

多元重塑激活内生动力——小城镇旧城更新的永新实践

【目的】梳理中国旧城更新的发展脉络,大城市已经产生许多成功的案例,然而小城镇的旧城更新面临着更新定位不清、缺乏资金来源、更新主体不明确、历史文化资源状况不佳的困境。【方法】以江西省永新县旧城更新为例,采用多元主体参与的方式,通过建筑更新、街道更新、公共空间设置、滨水绿地建设等措施,在尽可能保持原状建筑和城市肌理的情况下植入新的功能与空间。【结果】实践一方面解决了破、危房带来的安全与风貌问题,另一方面以低造价、实用性的更新原则提升了老城的物质环境,保存了古城的历史文化并且满足于当代的生活需求,延续了场所精神,促进了文化的复兴与经济的发展。【结论】永新实践为当代中国小城镇旧城更新提供了参考与启示。

大都市区周边小城镇城乡融合发展路径思考--以南京市高淳区东坝街道为例

在新时代城乡融合发展背景下,大都市区周边小城镇面临着更加多元的机遇与挑战,新经济新产业新业态在这里孕育成长,最有可能率先发展成为城乡要素双向流动的平台,成为城市人下乡和乡村就地城镇化相碰撞的地区,最终实现从目前的乡村旅游目的地转向理想田园人居地。文章以南京市高淳区东坝街道为例,分析总结了大都市区周边小城镇发展面临的土地、人口、产业、公共资源等方面的困境,并从全域融合、要素聚集、产业创新、生态赋值和收入均衡5个方面提出了大都市区周边小城镇城乡融合发展的路径思考,认为大都市区周边小城镇要重点转向关注全域城乡国土空间、吸引人才就业定居、全域一二三产业融合、生态资源价值实现和农民各类资产增值增信等方面,以期为新时代推进新型城镇化、乡村振兴和城乡融合发展等战略部署发挥小城镇应有的作用提供参考。