On the Development Principles and Models of Recreational Belt around Small and Middle Cities

The definition and type of recreational belt around metropolis were introduced,the development principles of recreational spot around small and middle cities were analyzed.With Baoding City as an example,the empirical analysis was conducted,and the development models of recreational spot around metropolis in Baoding City were put forward.

Analysis on the Green Space System Planning of Small Cities in Mountainous Areas

With the urban green space system planning of small cities in mountainous areas as the study object,the planning practices are analyzed and studied to summarize the common characteristics of urban green space system planning in those small cities.Being combined with relevant national standards and regulations,the problems that those small cities are faced with in their urban green space system planning are analyzed,then corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to resolve problems in the practical planning.

Application of Multi-agent Models to Urban Expansion in Medium and Small Cities: A Case Study in Fuyang City,Zhejiang Province,China

In this study, three-phase satellite images were used to define rules for the allocation of time and space in construction land resources based on a complex adaptive system and game theory. The decision behavior and rules of government agent, enterprise agent and resident agent in construction land growth were explored. A distinctive and dynamic simulation model of construction land growth was built, which integrated multi-agent, GIS technology and RS data and described the interaction among influencing agents, Taking Fuyang City in the Changjiang River Delta as an example, an assessment process for the remote sensing data in construction land and scenario planning was constructed. Repast and ArcGIS were used as simulation platforms. A simulation of the spatial pattern in land-use planning and the setting of scenario planning were conducted by using the incomplete active game, which was based on different natural, social and economic levels. Through this model, a simulation of urban planning space and decision-making for Fuyang City was created. Relevant non-structured problems arising from urban planning management could be identified, and the process and logic of urban planning spatial decision-making could thus be improved. Cell-by-cell comparison showed that the simulation accuracy was over 72%. This model has great potential for use by government and town planners in decision support and technique support in the policy-making process.

Planning of Small Cities and Towns in Northwest China Based on New Urbanization Concepts

Construction and development of small cities and towns is signifi cant for promoting economic and social development,and solving issues concerning "agriculture,rural areas and peasants". In view of the rapid development of small cities and towns,confl icts and problems in the planning and construction of the small cities and towns in northwest China have emerged and brought negative infl uence on their healthy and sustainable development. On the basis of analyzing scientifi c connotations and construction needs of new urbanization,development of northwest China,and reviews on planning of small cities and towns in this region,planning paths against the background of new urbanization were explored.

Problems in the Development of Small Cities and Towns in West China and Countermeasures: A Case Study of Luzhou City, Sichuan Province

New urbanization targets at coordinated urban-rural development, and construction of ecological and livable environment, it is the foundation for breaking urban-rural dual structure of China and promoting the agricultural modernization. Small cities and towns as carriers of new urbanization have already become important paths of realizing new urbanization and solving problems concerning 300 million peasants in China. Considering the requirements of new urbanization, this paper took Luzhou City in Sichuan Province for example to explore development path suitable for small cities and towns in west China and gave pertinent suggestions.

Study on Landscape Character Assessment System in Small Cities and Towns

The paper elaborated landscape character assessment system of small cities and towns, defi ned the assessment objects, application range of assessment fruits, specifi c evaluation methods and procedures. Taking Gexianshan Town in Pengzhou City for example, technical means for assessing landscape characters were adopted for the landscape assessment, which provided professional support for the future planning.

Development Mode of Mid-small Cities in Northern Jiangsu Based on the Growth Pole Theory

The development mode of mid-small cities in northern Jiangsu is analyzed on the Growth Pole theory.Depending on scales,endowment of resources,geographical positions,and industrial advantages of mil-small cities,we can divide the development mode of those mid-small cities within this context into five types:development through integration into big cities;independent development;resource-dependent development;single industry development;and mixed industry development.

Full scale application of combined SBF-AS process for municipal wastewater treatment in small towns and cities in China

The combined submerged biofilm （ SBF）-activated sludge （AS） process for treatment of municipal wastewater in a small city in China is described in this paper. The process exhibited high removal efficiencies for carbonaceous substances, nitrogen and phosphorus which mainly took place in the combined SBF-AS biore- actor. The SBF-AS bioreactor was divided into pre-anoxic, anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic zones from inlet to outlet, in which fixed biofilm carriers were packed. Excellent performance had been obtained under normal operating conditions in more than one year of operation in Dong＇ e municipal WWTP, Shandong province, with mean removal efficiencies of BOD5 93.4%, COD 88%, SS 92%, NH4 - N 82. 1%, TP 75% and TN 66.7%, and quite high effluent quality such as BOD5 6 to 10 rag/L, COD 20 to 40 rag/L, SS 5 to 10 rag/L, TN 10 to 20 rag/L, NH4 - N 4 to 8 mg/L and TP 0. 6 to 1.0 mg/L. The effluent was reused multi-purposely, such as toilet flushing, green belt watering and artificial lake pounding. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification took place due to the DO gradient in biofilm in aerobic zone of the SBF-AS bioreactor, which made TN removal efficiency improved remarkably in system. Some activated sludge was returned from final clarifiers to the bioreactor for phosphorus removal. The process had the advantages of low investment and low operational/ maintenance （O/M） costs, low sludge yield and was preferably employed in small towns and cities.

Five-force Analysis and Market Strategies of Budget Hotels in Small and Medium-sized Cities --ake Xuchang Jinjiang INN for Example

Budget hotels, as an emerging hotel model, were started and attained a rapid development in China in the last ten years, and have proven to be important part of China抯 hotel industry. As competitions in the hotel industry become increasingly fiercer, budget hotel brands launch a fight for seizing more market share. Therefore, it is necessary for Xuchang Jinjiang INN as a famous hotel brand to be distinguished from the hotel product strategies of the developed economic areas in the development environment of the small and medium-sized tourism cities, so as to adapt to the characteristics of regional market.

数字金融发展与中小城市劳动力回流——基于CHFS数据的考察

伴随着数字技术的日新月异,数字金融发展给中小城市吸引劳动力回流带来了重要机遇。基于经典理论对劳动力回流动机的阐述,借助2017年和2019年CHFS数据,运用Logit模型实证检验了数字金融发展对中小城市劳动力回流的影响。研究发现:数字金融发展在研究期内能够有效吸引中小城市劳动力回流,这一结论在经过内生性讨论和一系列稳健性检验后依然成立;机制检验表明,数字金融发展通过提高预期收入进而吸引劳动力回流的作用渠道存在,创业环境在数字金融发展促进劳动力回流过程中发挥了中介作用,数字金融发展吸引劳动力回流的过程受到了数字经济发展的正向调节;异质性分析显示,更小家庭规模的劳动力在回流过程中对数字金融发展更为关注,其他婚姻状况和已婚且年龄较大的劳动力在回流过程中受数字金融发展的吸引更强,传统金融发展水平较高城市的回流劳动力更加关注数字金融发展。研究结论丰富了学界对劳动力回流的认知,为后续相关研究和政策制定提供了参考。

良渚古城老虎岭水坝遗址考古剖面保护研究与工程实践

良渚古城老虎岭水坝遗址是我国迄今发现最早的大型水利工程系统中的一处典型遗存,对中国文明起源和世界文明史的研究具有重要意义。为清晰地展示老虎岭水坝土遗址上“草裹泥”筑坝工艺的痕迹,针对温热、潮湿、多雨环境土遗址保护的难题,在总结吸取国内土遗址保护经验教训的基础上,借助浙江大学的研究成果和敦煌研究院的工程经验,提出了一套避免使用化学材料加固,而以“黑屋+隔水+控湿”为主的小环境控制工程策略,包括:构建遮光大棚以避雨和抑制绿色生物生长;铺设防水毯以防止坝体渗水;设置电加热玻璃罩以保湿和封闭展示面;采用气相补水以调控空气湿度和土体含水率;采用植物精油等绿色环保技术防治微生物;同时做好遗址实时监测和管护等。这套综合保护措施是土遗址保护理念和工程实践的一次新的尝试。

基于GIS技术的山地小城镇雨洪灾害风险评估

在快速城镇化和工业化背景下,城市的自然灾害风险日益暴露,尤其是雨洪灾害问题日益突出。针对巩义市近年来不断发生的洪涝灾害,基于自然灾害风险评估理论,构建以致灾因子危险性、孕灾环境孕险性、承灾体易损性、防灾减灾能力为评价因子的雨洪灾害风险模型,共选取14个指标进行定量分析,运用SCS模型和GIS空间分析功能,最终得出巩义市雨洪灾害综合风险区划图。结果表明:巩义市米河镇、回郭镇、芝田镇、孝义街道等地区致灾因子危险性较大;北部、西部和东部包括河洛镇、孝义街道、回郭镇、芝田镇、米河镇等孕灾环境孕险性较高;西部和中部承灾体易损性较大,包括回郭镇、芝田镇、站街镇等;北部整体防灾减灾能力较强,包括站街镇、紫荆路街道等地区。综合来说,巩义市雨洪灾害总体风险等级较高,高风险区主要分布在中部偏北和西部,呈带状分布。

基于CCR模型的中小城市公交运行效率评价方法

为了缓解资源的有限性和城市公交服务日益增长需求对公交系统运营和发展带来的压力,提高公交线路运行效率,构建以线路长度、重复系数、非直线系数、站点覆盖率、站点数量和线网密度为投入指标,线路可达性和行车准点率为产出指标的评价指标体系,采用数据包络分析法中的CCR模型对公交线路运行效率进行评价。以本溪市主城区16条公交线路运营情况为例,进行有效性分析。分析结果表明:1路、9路、25路、26路、32路、33路综合效益值均小于1,线路运行效率仍有待提升,其中线路长度、站点数量两个指标影响程度较高,可基于实际情况对该指标进行优化,提高线路运行效率。研究成果可为本溪市公交发展与城乡规划提供参考依据,也可为中小城市公交线路运行效率评价提供新的思路。

基于手机信令数据的小城市居民出行时空特征研究——以铜仁市为例

居民出行特征与交通设施建设、居民生活质量、疫情防控等密切相关,是城市规划领域研究的重要主题之一。当前居民出行特征研究主要集中于特大城市,对中小城市的研究相对较少。本文以贵州省铜仁市为例,基于2019年5月、2019年11月、2020年5月三个时段,61543902条铜仁市常住人口出行OD手机信令数据,对小城市居民出行的规模、时耗、距离、分布空间与网络特征进行研究。结果发现:一、小城市出行规模在一天中有3-4个高峰,大城市则仅有2个高峰,小城市高峰出行量占比在冬季更高;2020年初新冠疫情后,铜仁市人口密度较大的区县内部出行比例上升。二、铜仁市的区县内部每次出行平均时耗与人口规模之间有较强的正相关性。三、铜仁市每次出行距离分布在群体层面上服从幂律分布;且冬季的区县内长距离出行的次数衰减较快。四、小城市居民出行空间分布呈现明显的向心性,大城市向心性相对较弱。五、铜仁市城镇化率较高地区在出行网络中的重要程度在冬季往往上升。研究结论进一步认识了小城市居民出行特征,为交通规划和交通政策制定提供了参考。

“定制化”视角下小城市的城市体检方法初探——以云南省蒙自市为例

当前我国城市体检工作主要在大城市及以上规模城市开展。鉴于小城市与大城市在发展基础、发展方式和发展问题等方面的差异,应探索一套适应广大小城市的城市体检评估方法。文章以云南省红河州蒙自市2022年城市体检为例,提出小城市的城市体检工作应该以促进广大小城市承担起“生态宜居”“基础服务”“特色发展”三大功能为重要目标,尊重小城市体检工作的基础,采取“定制化”的思维,聚焦“抓基础”“询民意”“增特色”三个关键环节,探寻出一条“精准”且“经济”的常态化城市体检工作技术路径。

带气燃气管道推拉式内检测方法与装置

为实现对带气情况下的中低压、小直径燃气管道进行有效的缺陷检测,提出了一种推拉式内检测方法与装置。装置通过焊接的方式与待测管道进行连接,装置闸板阀上设有内检测器仓用于存放内检测器以及进行气体置换,扫查检测通过内嵌电缆的玻璃纤维杆将内检测器送入管道实现。内检测器外部支撑设计了导向轮以提升通过性,其检测单元采用基于偏置磁化的涡流检测装置,以提升检测管道外壁缺陷的性能。试验结果表明:开发的推拉式内检测装置可以成功将涡流内检测器送入待测管道,具有良好的通过性,并且能够实现外壁缺陷检测。

小流域综合治理和统筹发展规划思路与实践——以湖北省十堰市茅塔河小流域为例

作为响应国家生态文明建设要求和推动中国式现代化的重要手段,小流域治理在我国国家治理体系中的重要性不断提升。小流域综合治理和统筹发展规划是统筹小流域内各要素发展与综合治理的重要抓手,现状对小流域综合治理和统筹发展规划的编制思路及策略的研究较为薄弱,如何理清小流域综合治理和统筹发展规划的架构是亟待研究的重要课题。基于人居环境科学理论和规划统筹与统筹规划方法论,构建小流域综合治理和统筹发展规划的架构,并结合湖北省十堰市茅塔河小流域的规划实践,提出小流域综合治理和统筹发展规划的思路与策略,为湖北省乃至全国的小流域治理规划工作提供参考。

中小城市市域社会治理现代化:现状、困境与对策

党的十九届四中全会提出“加快推进市域社会治理现代化”,作为构建国家治理体系现代化与基层社会治理格局的创新举措,为基层社会治理现代化找到了新出路。现阶段,中小城市市域社会治理现代化仍处于摸索前进阶段,存在组织动员困难、治理主体能力遭受挑战、治理能动性不强、治理效率低下等困境。破解中小城市市域治理现代化困境,需要从凸显市域层面统筹优势、强化各治理主体共建共治作用、提升市域社会治理现代化水平、增强市域社会治理内生动力、筑牢市域社会治理现代化基石等方面发力。

面向可持续发展的南京市小流域分类

构建了面向可持续发展的小流域二级分类体系,并从自然条件、人居环境、经济发展3个维度筛选了14项分类指标,利用层次分析法、逐级判别法对南京市334条小流域进行分类。结果表明,南京市334条小流域涉及17个类型,基于生态安全的一级类中,生态中敏感型和生态低敏感性数量最多,分别占41.02%和40.72%;基于主导功能的二级类中景观休闲型和城镇宜居型较多,分别占28.44%和20.66%,其次为生态保育型、绿色发展型和美丽乡村型,分别占17.37%、15.87%和13.71%。研究结果为南京市及江苏省其他城市的小流域分类提供了理论依据和实用方法。