Replacing traditional polymer-based precursors with small molecules is a promising pathway toward facile and controllable preparation of porous carbons but remains a prohibitive challenge because of the high volatilit...Replacing traditional polymer-based precursors with small molecules is a promising pathway toward facile and controllable preparation of porous carbons but remains a prohibitive challenge because of the high volatility of small molecules.Herein,a simple,general,and controllable method is reported to prepare porous carbons by converting small organic molecules into organic molecular salts followed by pyrolysis.The robust electrostatic force holding organic molecular salts together leads to negligible volatility and thus ensures the formation of carbons under high-temperature pyrolysis.Meanwhile,metal moieties in organic molecular salts can be evolved into in-situ templates or activators during pyrolysis to create nanopores.The modular nature of organic molecular salts allows easy control of the porosity and chemical doping of carbons at a molecular level.The sulfur-doped carbon prepared by the ionic solid strategy can serve as robust support to prepare small-sized intermetallic PtCo catalysts,which exhibit a high mass activity of 1.62 A·mgPt^(−1)in catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction for fuel cell applications.展开更多
Multicolor fluorescent probes based on small organic molecules have the advantages of low cost, good biocompatibility, easily modifiable molecular structures and adjustable fluorescence performance. In addition, small...Multicolor fluorescent probes based on small organic molecules have the advantages of low cost, good biocompatibility, easily modifiable molecular structures and adjustable fluorescence performance. In addition, small molecule multicolor fluorescent probes generally undergo multi-site or multi-step reactions, which means that they can be used for the specific detection of structurally similar substances in complex bio-systems. In this review, we focus on the design and application of multicolor fluorescent probes based on small organic molecules: single fluorophores with multiple reaction sites, multiple fluorophores with single reaction sites, or multiple fluorophores with multiple reaction sites. Moreover, a design strategy for multicolor fluorescent probes and its application in biological imaging are also summarized, providing a systematic plan for future research on fluorescent probes functionalized by small organic molecules. It will also play an important role in the development of additional functions for small organic molecule fluorescent probes.展开更多
An organic small molecule additive zinc formate is introduced to construct stable Zn metal interphase by electrochemical kinetic control and thermodynamic adjustment.It partially forms a water-formate concomitant dipo...An organic small molecule additive zinc formate is introduced to construct stable Zn metal interphase by electrochemical kinetic control and thermodynamic adjustment.It partially forms a water-formate concomitant dipole layer at the internal Helmholtz electrical double layers(HEDLs) under the preferential adsorption function of formate on Zn surface,reducing the occurrence of side reactions at phase interface.Meanwhile,free formate in HEDLs regulates the Zn^(2+) solvation sheath structure to accelerate the desolvation,transference,and deposition kinetics of Zn^(2+).Besides,the hydrolysis reaction of zinc formate increases the hydrogen evolution overpotential,inhibiting the thermodynamic tendency of hydrogen evolution.Consequently,it presents stable cycle for more than 2400 h at 5 mA cm^(-2),as well as an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.8% at 1 A g^(-1) after 800 cycles in the Zn‖VO_(2) full cell.The interphase engineering strategy zinc anode by organic small molecular brings new possibility towards high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries.展开更多
Small molecule organic photovoltaics(SMPVs) were prepared by utilizing liquid crystalline donor material BTR-Cl and two similar optical bandgap non-fullerene acceptor materials BTP-BO-4 F and Y6.The BTPBO-4 F and Y6 h...Small molecule organic photovoltaics(SMPVs) were prepared by utilizing liquid crystalline donor material BTR-Cl and two similar optical bandgap non-fullerene acceptor materials BTP-BO-4 F and Y6.The BTPBO-4 F and Y6 have the similar optical bandgap and different absorption coefficients.The corresponding binary SMPVs exhibit different short circuit current density(/sc)(20.38 vs.23.24 mA cm^(-2)),and fill factor(FF)(70.77% vs.67.21%).A 14.46% power conversion efficiency(PCE) is acquired in ternary SMPVs with 30 wt% Y6,companied with a JSC of 24.17 mA cm^(-2) a FF of 68.78% and an open circuit voltage(Voc) of 0.87 V.The improvement on PCE of ternary SMPVs should originate from the well trade-off between phase separation and photon harvesting of ternary active layers by incorporating 30 wt% Y6 in acceptors.This work may deliver insight onto the improved performance of SMPVs by superposing the superiorities of binary SMPVs with similar optical bandgap acceptors into one ternary cell.展开更多
Aiming to reduce the defects of perovskite film and improve carrier transport,an organic small molecule,benzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide(OBS),is introduced as an additive in the solution-processing of perovski...Aiming to reduce the defects of perovskite film and improve carrier transport,an organic small molecule,benzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide(OBS),is introduced as an additive in the solution-processing of perovskite and prepare uniform perovskite films with a continuous distribution of OBS at grain boundaries.Fourier trans-form infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are conducted to reveal the interactions of hydrogen bonding and coordina tion bonding between OBS and perovskite.Various characterizations(including X-ray diffraction,UV-vis spectroscopy,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,etc.)are conducted to uncover the effect of OBS on device performance.Consequently,high efficiency of 23.26%is obtained for the OBS-treated device,while the control device shows only a companion efficiency of 21.60%.展开更多
The sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is the key tailback for hydrogen production from the water electrolysis.Masking OER with thermodynamically auspicious methanol oxidation reaction(MOR)can signific...The sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is the key tailback for hydrogen production from the water electrolysis.Masking OER with thermodynamically auspicious methanol oxidation reaction(MOR)can significantly boost the H_(2) and value-added products production.However,it is currently challenging to achieve a synergistic manipulation of product selectivity and performance for MOR electrocatalyst.Herein,we report NiSnPH@OOH/CC(CC=carbon cloth)perovskite hydroxide nanosphere as an efficient MOR electrocatalyst with high activity,stability,and selectivity towards methanol oxidation to formate.A surface amorphous layer of defect rich NiOOH was generated in operando by selective Sn leaching with stable perovskite hydroxide bulk structure,which mitigates the oxidative power and optimizes the local coordination environment of the active NiOOH sites.In situ Raman combined with electrochemical studies further confirm the key active species,NiOOH,generated in operando enhance the MOR and blocking the over oxidation of methanol to CO_(2).As a result,NiSnPH@OOH/CC effectively masks the OER and attains>99%selectivity with 100%Faradic efficiency for methanol-to-formate.The results of this study show the advances of NiSnPH@OOH/CC as an efficient electrocatalyst for MOR and also suggest its potential applications for various small organic molecules oxidation.展开更多
基金We acknowledge the funding support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFA0702001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22071225)+6 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.WK2060190103)the Joint Funds from Hefei National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory(No.KY2060000175)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2021A1515012356)the Research Grant for Scientific Platform and Project of Guangdong Provincial Education office(No.2019KTSCX151)Shenzhen Government’s Plan of Science and Technology(No.JCYJ20180305125247308)the Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center of CAS(No.2021HSC-CIP015)L.D.F.acknowledges the support from the Instrumental Analysis Center of Shenzhen University(Xili Campus).
文摘Replacing traditional polymer-based precursors with small molecules is a promising pathway toward facile and controllable preparation of porous carbons but remains a prohibitive challenge because of the high volatility of small molecules.Herein,a simple,general,and controllable method is reported to prepare porous carbons by converting small organic molecules into organic molecular salts followed by pyrolysis.The robust electrostatic force holding organic molecular salts together leads to negligible volatility and thus ensures the formation of carbons under high-temperature pyrolysis.Meanwhile,metal moieties in organic molecular salts can be evolved into in-situ templates or activators during pyrolysis to create nanopores.The modular nature of organic molecular salts allows easy control of the porosity and chemical doping of carbons at a molecular level.The sulfur-doped carbon prepared by the ionic solid strategy can serve as robust support to prepare small-sized intermetallic PtCo catalysts,which exhibit a high mass activity of 1.62 A·mgPt^(−1)in catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction for fuel cell applications.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21672131,21775096)One Hundred People Plan of Shanxi Province,Shanxi Province“1331 Project”Key Innovation Team Construction Plan Cultivation Team(2018-CT-1)+7 种基金2018 Xiangyuan County Solid Waste Comprehensive Utilization Science and Technology Project(2018XYSDJS-05)Shanxi Province Foundation for Returness(2017-026)Shanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of High Value-added Utilization of Coal-related Wastes(2015-10-B3)the Shanxi Province Foundation for Selected(No.2019)the Innovative Talents of Higher Education Institutions of Shanxi,Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(2019L0031)the Key R&D Program of Shanxi Province(201903D421069)the Shanxi Province Science Foundation(201901D111015)China Institute for Radiation Production and Scientific Instrument Center of Shanxi University(201512).
文摘Multicolor fluorescent probes based on small organic molecules have the advantages of low cost, good biocompatibility, easily modifiable molecular structures and adjustable fluorescence performance. In addition, small molecule multicolor fluorescent probes generally undergo multi-site or multi-step reactions, which means that they can be used for the specific detection of structurally similar substances in complex bio-systems. In this review, we focus on the design and application of multicolor fluorescent probes based on small organic molecules: single fluorophores with multiple reaction sites, multiple fluorophores with single reaction sites, or multiple fluorophores with multiple reaction sites. Moreover, a design strategy for multicolor fluorescent probes and its application in biological imaging are also summarized, providing a systematic plan for future research on fluorescent probes functionalized by small organic molecules. It will also play an important role in the development of additional functions for small organic molecule fluorescent probes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52072322, 51604250)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program, China (Grant Nos. 2022YFG0294, 2019-GH02-00052-HZ)the Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Program (S202210615189)。
文摘An organic small molecule additive zinc formate is introduced to construct stable Zn metal interphase by electrochemical kinetic control and thermodynamic adjustment.It partially forms a water-formate concomitant dipole layer at the internal Helmholtz electrical double layers(HEDLs) under the preferential adsorption function of formate on Zn surface,reducing the occurrence of side reactions at phase interface.Meanwhile,free formate in HEDLs regulates the Zn^(2+) solvation sheath structure to accelerate the desolvation,transference,and deposition kinetics of Zn^(2+).Besides,the hydrolysis reaction of zinc formate increases the hydrogen evolution overpotential,inhibiting the thermodynamic tendency of hydrogen evolution.Consequently,it presents stable cycle for more than 2400 h at 5 mA cm^(-2),as well as an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.8% at 1 A g^(-1) after 800 cycles in the Zn‖VO_(2) full cell.The interphase engineering strategy zinc anode by organic small molecular brings new possibility towards high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries.
基金the financial supporting from the NSFC(61975006,61675017)NSFRPSI(Y72Z090Q10)+3 种基金the NSFCQ(cstc2019jcyj-msxm X0400)the NYTPP(R52A199Z11)the YIPACAS(E0296104)the BNSF(4192049)。
文摘Small molecule organic photovoltaics(SMPVs) were prepared by utilizing liquid crystalline donor material BTR-Cl and two similar optical bandgap non-fullerene acceptor materials BTP-BO-4 F and Y6.The BTPBO-4 F and Y6 have the similar optical bandgap and different absorption coefficients.The corresponding binary SMPVs exhibit different short circuit current density(/sc)(20.38 vs.23.24 mA cm^(-2)),and fill factor(FF)(70.77% vs.67.21%).A 14.46% power conversion efficiency(PCE) is acquired in ternary SMPVs with 30 wt% Y6,companied with a JSC of 24.17 mA cm^(-2) a FF of 68.78% and an open circuit voltage(Voc) of 0.87 V.The improvement on PCE of ternary SMPVs should originate from the well trade-off between phase separation and photon harvesting of ternary active layers by incorporating 30 wt% Y6 in acceptors.This work may deliver insight onto the improved performance of SMPVs by superposing the superiorities of binary SMPVs with similar optical bandgap acceptors into one ternary cell.
文摘Aiming to reduce the defects of perovskite film and improve carrier transport,an organic small molecule,benzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide(OBS),is introduced as an additive in the solution-processing of perovskite and prepare uniform perovskite films with a continuous distribution of OBS at grain boundaries.Fourier trans-form infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are conducted to reveal the interactions of hydrogen bonding and coordina tion bonding between OBS and perovskite.Various characterizations(including X-ray diffraction,UV-vis spectroscopy,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,etc.)are conducted to uncover the effect of OBS on device performance.Consequently,high efficiency of 23.26%is obtained for the OBS-treated device,while the control device shows only a companion efficiency of 21.60%.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Government’s Plan of Science and Technology(Nos.20220804193203001 and GXWD20220811164046002)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2021A1515010735)+2 种基金Featured Innovation Project of Colleges and Universities of Guangdong Province(No.2021KTSCX365)Innovation Team Project of Guangdong Colleges and Universities(No.2021KCXTD006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52072247).
文摘The sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is the key tailback for hydrogen production from the water electrolysis.Masking OER with thermodynamically auspicious methanol oxidation reaction(MOR)can significantly boost the H_(2) and value-added products production.However,it is currently challenging to achieve a synergistic manipulation of product selectivity and performance for MOR electrocatalyst.Herein,we report NiSnPH@OOH/CC(CC=carbon cloth)perovskite hydroxide nanosphere as an efficient MOR electrocatalyst with high activity,stability,and selectivity towards methanol oxidation to formate.A surface amorphous layer of defect rich NiOOH was generated in operando by selective Sn leaching with stable perovskite hydroxide bulk structure,which mitigates the oxidative power and optimizes the local coordination environment of the active NiOOH sites.In situ Raman combined with electrochemical studies further confirm the key active species,NiOOH,generated in operando enhance the MOR and blocking the over oxidation of methanol to CO_(2).As a result,NiSnPH@OOH/CC effectively masks the OER and attains>99%selectivity with 100%Faradic efficiency for methanol-to-formate.The results of this study show the advances of NiSnPH@OOH/CC as an efficient electrocatalyst for MOR and also suggest its potential applications for various small organic molecules oxidation.