Simulating the vegetation-producing process in small watersheds in the Loess Plateau of China

Small watersheds are the basic composition unit of the Loess Plateau in China. An accurate estimation of vegetation net primary productivity （NPP） is of great significance for eco-benefit evaluation in small watershed management in this region. Here we describe the development and testing of a vegetation-producing process model （VPP） of a small watershed in the Loess Plateau. The model couples three modules： radiation adjustment; soil hydrological processes; and vegetation carbon assimilation. Model validation indicates that the VPP model can be used to estimate the NPP of small watersheds in the region. With the VPP model, we estimated the spatial NPP distributions in the Yangou watershed for 2007. The results show that in the Yangou watershed the NPP is relatively low, averaging 168 g C/（m^2.a）. Trees and shrubs have a higher NPP than crops and grasses. The NPP is larger on the partly shaded and shaded slopes than on the partly sunny and sunny slopes. The NPP on the slopes increases gradually on 0-20° slopes and decreases slightly on slopes steeper than 20°. Our simulation indicates that the vegetation type is the most important factor in determining the NPP distribution in small watersheds in the Loess Plateau.

Estimation of soil organic carbon storage and its fractions in a small karst watershed

With few available soil organic carbon(SOC)profiles and the heterogeneity of those that do exist, the estimation of SOC pools in karst areas is highly uncertain.Based on the spatial heterogeneity of SOC content of 23,536 samples in a karst watershed, a modified estimation method was determined for SOC storage that exclusively applies to karst areas. The method is a "soil-type method" based on revised calculation indexes for SOC storage. In the present study, the organic carbon contents of different soil types varied greatly, but generally decreased with increasing soil depth. The organic carbon content decreased nearly linearly to a depth of 0–50 cm and then varied at depths of 50–100 cm. Because of the large spatial variability in the karst area, we were able to determine that influences of the different indexes on the estimation of SOC storage decreased as follows: soil thickness > boulder content > rock fragment content > SOC content > bulk density. Using the modified formula, the SOC content in the Houzhai watershed in Puding was estimated to range from 3.53 to 5.44 kg m^(-2), with an average value of 1.24 kg m^(-2) to a depth of 20 cm, and from 4.44 to 14.50 kg m^(-2), with an average value of 12.12 kg m^(-2) to a depth of 100 cm. The total SOC content was estimated at 5.39*10^(5) t.

Integration of RUSLE Model with Remote Sensing and GIS Tools for Soil Loss Estimation in the Kubanni Drainage Basin, Zaria, Nigeria

The prevalence of unwholesome land use practices and population pressure exacerbates soil loss which is worsening the problem of sedimentation of the Kubanni dam. This study was conducted at the Kubanni drainage basin covering a spatial area of 56.7 Km2 in Samaru, Zaria, Nigeria to estimate annual soil loss using the RUSLE model. Satellite images of Landsat OLI for December 2014, 2016, 2018, February, July and November 2022;soil data, rainfall data from 2010 to 2022, and DEM of 30-meter resolution were utilized for the study. All factors of the RUSLE model were calculated for the basin using assembled data. The erosivity (R-factor) was discovered to be 553.437 MJ∙mm∙ha−1∙h−1∙yr−1. The average erodibility (K-factor) value was 0.1 Mg∙h∙h∙ha−1∙MJ−1∙mm−1∙yr−1. The Slope Length and Steepness factor (LS-factor) in the basin ranged between 0% and 13.47%. The Crop Management Factor (C-factor) values were obtained from a rescaling of the NDVI values derived for the study area and ranged from 0.26 to 0.55. Support practice (P-factors) were computed from the prevalent tillage practice in the basin and ranged from 0.27 to 0.40. The soil loss amount for the Kubanni basin was found to be 28441.482 tons∙ha−1∙yr−1, while the annual soil loss for the entire Kubanni drainage basin was found to be 49780.257 tons∙yr−1. The study has demonstrated the viability of coupling RUSLE model and Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques for the estimation of soil loss in the Kubanni drainage basin.

Parameter evaluation for soil erosion estimation on small watersheds using SWAT model

This research was undertaken for the evaluation of soil erosion using the semi-distributed basin scale SWAT model for four subcatchments of the Dhrabi River Catchment(DRC),which is located in the Pothwar Plateau region.Two subcatchments(catchment-25 and-31)are characterized by gullies while the other two(catchment-27 and-32)are managed with terraced landuse system.The performance of the model was satisfactory with coefficient of determination(R^(2))=0.67 to 0.91 and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency(ENS)=0.54 to 0.85 for both surface runoff and sediment yield during the calibration(2009-2010)and validation(2011)periods.The PUSLE factor was found to be the most sensitive parameter during model calibration.It was observed that all of the rainfall-runoff events occurred during the monsoon season(June to September).The estimated annual sediment loss ranged from 2.6 t/hm^(2) to 31.1 t/hm^(2) over the duration of the simulation period for the non-terraced catchments,in response to annual precipitation amounts that were between 194.8 mm to 579.3 mm.In contrast,the predicted annual sediment levels for the terraced catchments ranged from 0.52 t/hm^(2) to 10.10 t/hm^(2) due to similar precipitation amounts.The terraced catchments resulted in 4 to 5 times lower sediment yield as compared to non-terraced catchments.The results suggest that there is a huge potential for terraces to reduce soil erosion in the DRC specifically and Pothwar area generally,which have proven to be an efficient approach to establishing soil and water conservation structures in this region.

Soil and water loss in the Lancang River-Mekong River watershed (in Yunnan section, China) and its control measures

According to a lot of hydrological and environmental monitoring data, the condition of soil and water loss in the Lancang River Mekong River watershed (in Yunnan section, China) is described. The occurrence and development of soil and water loss is analyzed. The conclusion is that: (1) generally, the situation of soil and water loss in the Lancang River Mekong River watershed (in Yunnan section, China) is light, however, soil and water loss in some regions is serious, especially in the middle reach area of the river; (2) soil and water loss in the Lancang River Mekong River (in Yunnan section, China) watershed presents developing tendency and it is mainly caused by human beings. In accordance with these results, the control measures for soil and water loss are discussed.

Study on the Topographic Effect on Soil Erosion Using RUSLE Model for Small Size Watershed

Soil erosion and subsequent sedimentation have caused serious environmental and soil degradation problems in Okinawa Prefecture,Japan.This research aims at evaluating an availability of the Revised Universal Soil loss Equation（RUSLE） for predicting the range of soil loss values for the Nago watershed in Okinawa.It shows that climatic conditions substantially influence the rainfall amount as a function of the I30 of the rainfall event.The rate of soil loss is higher with increasing in altitude due to greater slope steepness.By rainfall data analysis,it is concluded that the large difference in soil loss between 2000 and 2001 was due to concentrated heavy rainfall in the rainy season or the typhoon season.

Integrated Prevention and Control System for Soil Erosion in Typical Black Soil Region of Northeast China

The black soil region of Northeast China is one of the most important food production bases and commodity grain bases in China. However, the continual loss and degradation of precious black soil resources has led to direct threats to national food security and regional sustainable development. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize integrated prevention and control experience of small watersheds in black soil region of Northeast China. Tongshuang small watershed, a typical watershed in rolling hills of typical black soil areas in Northeast China, is selected as the study area. Based on nearly 50 years' experience in prevention and control of soil and water loss, the structures and overall benefits of an integrated prevention and control system for soil and water loss are investigated. Then, the 'three defense lines' tri-dimensional protection system with reasonable allocation of different types of soil and water control measures from the hill top to gully is systematically analyzed. The first line on the top hill can weaken and block uphill runoff and sediment, hold water resources and improve soil property. The second line on the hill can truncate slope length, slow down the runoff velocity and reduce erosion energy. The third line in the gully is mainly composed of waterfall engineering, which can inhibit soil erosion and restore land resources. The 'three defense lines' system is feasible for soil and water loss control of small watersheds in the typical black soil region of Northeast China. Through the application of the in Tongshuang small watershed, There are effective improvements in ecological conditions in Tongshuang small watershed after the application of 'three defense lines' soil and water control system. Moreover, the integrated treatment paradigm for soil and water loss in typical black soil region is compared with that in loess region. The results of this study could offer references and experiences for other small watersheds in typical black soil region of Northeast China.

Assessment of Sedimentation Impacts on Small Dams—A Case of Small Reservoirs in the Lotsane Catchment

Sedimentation is a major problem for agricultural dams in Botswana, as it reduces the storage capacity and life span of the reservoirs. The process of sedimentation starts from day one of the impounding of water in any given reservoir. Even though a provision is made for every reservoir during planning for a certain storage capacity, specifically for sediment deposition, called dead storage, a major portion of the sediment gets deposited for many years of the reservoir’s life in areas other than the dead storage, and this trend cannot be reversed at easy cost. This study is aimed at the analysis of prevailing sedimentation processes in the nearby dozens of dams found in the Lotsane catchment located within the Limpopo Basin of Botswana, and focuses on assessment of annual sedimentation rate. A spatial analysis and modelling study was conducted based on the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation and GIS to determine sediment yield and degree of impact of each reservoir for a given landscape, rainfall and catchment heterogeneity. Field observations and soil sampling were carried out in order to determine the factors that lead to reservoir sedimentation. Spatial data on the dams in Lotsane catchment were also collected from Ministry of Agriculture, which were used for ground-truthing, GIS-based calculations and model validation. The average sediment rate and sediment delivery ratio were found to be 1.74 t/ha/year and 81%, respectively. These are useful parameters to estimate service life of the dams and plan remedial measures related to sedimentation problems.

Soil loss estimation using GIS and Remote sensing techniques:A case of Koga watershed,Northwestern Ethiopia

Soil loss by runoff is a severe and continuous ecological problem in Koga watershed.Deforestation,improper cultivation and uncontrolled grazing have resulted in accelerated soil erosion.Information on soil loss is essential to support agricultural productivity and natural resource management.Thus,this study was aimed to estimate and map the mean annual soil loss by using GIS and Remote sensing techniques.The soil loss was estimated by using Revised Universal Soil Equation(RUSLE)model.Topographic map of 1:50,000 scale,Aster Digital Elevation Model(DEM)of 20 m spatial resolution,digital soil map of 1:250,000 scale,thirteen years rainfall records of four stations,and land sat imagery(TM)with spatial resolution of 30 m was used to derive RUSLE's soil loss variables.The RUSLE parameters were analyzed and integrated using raster calculator in the geo-processing tools in ArcGIS 10.1 environment to estimate and map the annual soil loss of the study area.The result revealed that the annual soil loss of the watershed extends from none in the lower and middle part of the watershed to 265 t ha^(-1) year^(-1) in the steeper slope part of the watershed with a mean annual soil loss of 47 t ha^(-1) year^(-1).The total annual soil loss in the watershed was 255283 t,of these,181801(71%)tones cover about 6691(24%)hectare of land.Most of these soil erosion affected areas are spatially situated in the upper steepest slope part(inlet)of the watershed.These are areas where Nitosols and Alisols with higher soil erodibility character(0.25)values are dominant.Hence,Slope gradient and length followed by soil erodibility factors were found to be the main factors of soil erosion.Thus,sustainable soil and water conservation practices should be adopted in steepest upper part of the study area by respecting and recognizing watershed logic,people and watershed potentials.

Mapping surface water erosion potential in the Soummam watershed in Northeast Algeria with RUSLE model

The present study aims to estimate the annual soil loss in the Soummam watershed in the northeast of Algeria,using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE),geographic information system(GIS),and remote sensing(RS).RUSLE model has been used for modelling the main factors involved in erosive phenomena.The Soummam watershed covers a surface area of 9108.45 km^2 of irregular shape,northeast–southwest towards southeast.It is characterized by an altitude varying between 2 m in the northeast and 2308 m in the northwest.Results showed that the average erosivity factor(R)is 70.64(MJ·mm)/(ha·h·year)and the maximum value reaches 140(MJ·mm)/(ha·h·year),the average soil erodibility factor(K)is 0.016(t·h·ha)/(MJ·ha·mm)and maximum values reach 0.0204(t·h·ha)/(MJ·ha·mm)in the southeast regions of the watershed,the average slope length and steepness factor(LS)is 9.79 and the mean C factor is estimated to be 0.62.Thematic maps integration of different factors of RUSLE in GIS with their database,allowed with a rapid and efficient manner to highlight complexity and factors interdependence in the erosion risk analyses.The resulting map for soils losses,with an average erosion rate of 6.81 t/(ha·year)shows a low erosion(<7.41 t/(ha·year))which covers 73.46%of the total area of the basin,and a medium erosion(7.42 to 19.77 t/(ha·year)),which represents 17.66%of the area.Areas with extreme erosion risk exceeding 32.18 t/(ha·year)cover more than 3.54%of the basin area.The results can certainly aid in implementation of soil management and conservation practices to reduce the soil erosion in the Soummam watershed.

Combining CLUE-S and SWAT Models to Forecast Land Use Change and Non-point Source Pollution Impact at a Watershed Scale in Liaoning Province, China

Non-point source(NPS) pollution has become a major source of water pollution. A combination of models would provide the necessary direction and approaches designed to control NPS pollution through land use planning. In this study, NPS pollution load was simulated in urban planning, historic trends and ecological protection land use scenarios based on the Conversion of Land Use and its Effect at Small regional extent(CLUE-S) and Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT) models applied to Hunhe-Taizi River Watershed, Liaoning Province, China. Total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) were chosen as NPS pollution indices. The results of models validation showed that CLUE-S and SWAT models were suitable in the study area. NPS pollution mainly came from dry farmland, paddy, rural and urban areas. The spatial distribution of TN and TP exhibited the same trend in 57 sub-catchments. The TN and TP had the highest NPS pollution load in the western and central plains, which concentrated the urban area and farm land. The NPS pollution load would increase in the urban planning and historic trends scenarios, and would be even higher in the urban planning scenario. However, the NPS pollution load decreased in the ecological protection scenario. The differences observed in the three scenarios indicated that land use had a degree of impact on NPS pollution, which showed that scientific and ecologically sound construction could effectively reduce the NPS pollution load in a watershed. This study provides a scientific method for conducting NPS pollution research at the watershed scale, a scientific basis for non-point source pollution control, and a reference for related policy making.

Watershed prioritization for conservation planning using RUSLE and morphometric methods,Northwestern Ethiopia

Soil erosion and the subsequent sedimentation are serious environmental problems.Improper land management coupled with intense rainfall has complicated the problem in the Ethiopian highlands.Consequently,soil loss costs a profound amount of the national GDP and deters land productivity.Quantifying soil loss and prioritizing areas for conservation is imperative for proper planning and resource management.Therefore,this study aimed at estimating the mean annual soil loss rate of Gilgel Abay watershed which has critical implications on Lake Tana and Abbay River(Upper Blue Nile River),using RUSLE and morphometric analysis methods.Datasets including rainfall,soil,Digital Elevation Model and land use/land cover were used to generate important parameters required for the soil loss estimation.Data collected through field observation,consultation with experts and document analysis were used for validation purposes.The results of the study reveal that the watershed experienced an average soil loss rate of 39.8 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1).Subsequently,nearly 25%(37,038 ha)of the watershed is threatened by moderate to very severe soil loss.Among the four sub watersheds,sub watershed 3(S3)and sub watershed 4(S4),which consist of about 65%(105,000 ha)of the total area of the study watershed,experienced an annual soil loss rate of over 30 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1).The amount of soil loss that the study watershed has experienced is above the soil loss tolerance level of Ethiopia(2-18 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1))and the tropical region(10 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1)).Similarly,the results of morphometric analysis showed that the studied watershed has S-shaped hypsometric curve,an indication for maturity stage of landscape development.The studied watershed is also characterized by a non-circular shaped drainage with rugged and dissected topography that contributes to high flash flood,peak discharge and incidence of soil loss.The result of both models signified that S3 and S4 are highly susceptible to soil erosion.Therefore,these two sub watersheds need priority for soil and water conservation(SWC)measures.Furthermore,the study demonstrated the importance of the integration of different models in the identification of soil erosion prone areas and prioritization for the proper implementation of SWC measures.

典型喀斯特白云岩小流域土壤-表层岩溶带厚度空间异质性特征

土壤-表层岩溶带厚度是喀斯特地球关键带的关键指标,明确其空间异质性特征对于理解地球关键带结构演化机理以及评估水源涵养功能具有重要意义。在广西环江木连小流域1.4 km 2范围内,通过高密度电法(ERT)探测45条样线,共获取1731个样点的土壤-表层岩溶带厚度及环境因子数据资料,研究了土壤和表层岩溶带厚度的空间分布格局及其影响因素。结果表明,土壤和表层岩溶带厚度平均值分别为1.15 m和6.44 m,且分别呈现强变异程度和中等变异程度。地统计分析结果表明球状模型和指数模型分别可以反映土壤和表层岩溶带的空间结构特征。土壤厚度呈现中等空间自相关性,变程长,空间连续性好;而表层岩溶带呈现强烈的空间自相关性,变程短,空间依赖性强。土壤厚度受到环境因子(地形湿度指数、垂直曲率、曲率、坡向、坡度、高程、覆盖度、出露基岩率和植被归一化指数)的多重影响,而表层岩溶带厚度受部分环境因子影响的同时,与土壤厚度和植被类型的相关性更高。研究结果有助于喀斯特区土壤-表层岩溶带演化机理认识,并为土壤-表层岩溶带厚度的空间预测提供科学依据。

山水林田湖草沙系统治理与水土保持高质量发展

[目的]中国水土流失治理已由“全面治理,重点治理”迈向“系统治理,攻坚克难”的新阶段。分析山水林田湖草沙系统治理的内涵、准则及其与水土保持的关系,旨在丰富新时代水土保持理论体系,引领水土保持高质量发展。[方法]在长期理论探索和实践验证的基础上,梳理山水林田湖草沙系统治理理念的发展过程,阐明其内涵、目标与实践准则。[结果]水土流失长期治理实践总结提升形成的以小流域为单元的综合治理技术路线是山水林田湖草沙生命共同体系统思想最朴素的实践体现。小流域综合治理的系统性主要体现为治理对象的系统协调,总体布局的系统统筹,治理措施的系统考量,治理成效的多效益兼顾,实施和管理的多部门协同和多主体参与的共治共享6个方面。水土保持高质量发展实践需要遵循的基于系统治理理念的具体举措包括:利用系统思维理解水土保持高质量发展的内涵和要求,精准诊断山水林田湖草沙系统短板及其控制性要素,构建山水林田湖草沙多层次全方位立体化防控体系,构筑完备的水土保持管理与技术保障体系。[结论]在新的历史时期,应该完整准确理解并全面贯彻落实山水林田湖草沙系统治理的理念,探索整体提升水土保持学术研究水平和治理效能的新路径、新模式、新机制。同时应结合区域或流域实际,对农田、水利、牧业、林业及生产建设活动进行全面综合系统的规划和治理,推动水土保持高质量发展。

水土保持碳汇项目管理信息系统的开发探索

水土保持碳汇项目信息化管理可以为水土保持碳汇项目开发提供科学规范的技术手段。分析了水土保持碳汇项目管理信息系统开发的主要挑战、建设目标及总体框架,以福建省长汀县罗地河小流域综合治理水土保持碳汇开发为研究对象,探索水土保持碳汇项目开发的全过程信息化体系建设,总结了系统在罗地河小流域综合治理过程中的应用情况以及存在的不足,并提出相关建议,以期为提升水土保持碳汇项目管理水平提供借鉴参考。

泰州市姜堰区淤溪小流域综合治理效果分析

通过实地调查、测量和地面观测等多元化方法,对淤溪小流域综合治理项目的防治责任范围、工程措施、林草措施、耕作措施、区域水质等情况进行全过程监测,充分掌握建设过程中水土流失情况和对周围环境的影响,并对监测数据进行整理计算分析,通过全过程精细化监测和数据精准处理,科学评估淤溪小流域综合治理成效。

夏县红沙河片区生态清洁小流域综合治理

红沙河片区存在河源区保护力度弱、沟道水系连通状况差、水资源和土地资源利用率低、农村基础设施差等问题。通过在预防保护区进行封禁治理,综合治理区布置坡改梯工程、保土耕作、林草工程、泉水利用工程等水保工程,同步推进面源污染防治、人居环境整治和文旅工程建设,生态修复区对赤峪河、吴家峪沟进行沟槽整治、边坡治理、岸边绿化等措施,将片区建设成为生态旅游型生态清洁小流域,可完善区内农业灌溉设施,提高了区内泉水利用率、土地生产力及沟道行洪能力,可有力促进当地特色产业、特色旅游业的发展,实现山青、水净、村美、民富的目标。工程建设亦可为同类工程建设提供借鉴和参考。

1980—2020年延河甘谷驿流域土壤侵蚀评价与驱动因子分析

采用日降雨量、DEM、土壤类型、泥沙含量及多期NDVI等数据,基于修正通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE)和地理探测器,研究了国家生态退耕还林还草工程实施前后近41年延河甘谷驿流域土壤侵蚀动态与驱动因子。结果表明,1980—2020年研究区土壤侵蚀强度总体呈波动变化趋势,1980年、1990年、2000年、2010年和2020年平均侵蚀模数分别为6 746.30、5 740.28、6 389.56、5 450.46、5 480.56 t/(km~2·年)。1980—2000年研究区整体侵蚀强度逐渐增强,强烈及以上等级侵蚀面积占比逐渐增加,表现为“增蚀升级”的特点;2000年后研究区内土壤侵蚀强度开始降低,强烈及以上等级的侵蚀面积减少,总体表现为“减蚀降级”的特点。研究区土壤侵蚀强度随着坡度的升高而加剧,同时发现海拔1 000~1 200 m和1 200~1 400 m是研究区内侵蚀发生的主要高程带。2020年土地利用类型因子解释力最为突出,表明退耕还林还草工程实施效果显著,大面积的耕地向林草地转换是使得研究区2000年后土壤侵蚀强度降低的最主要原因。土壤侵蚀各影响因子的协同作用明显强于单一因子的影响。

砒砂岩覆土区典型小流域土壤可蚀性K值空间变异特征

[目的]研究砒砂岩覆土区典型小流域土壤可蚀性的空间变异特征,为砒砂岩覆土区土壤侵蚀机理深入探究和土壤侵蚀有效防治提供科学依据。[方法]以内蒙古准格尔旗砒砂岩覆土区二老虎沟小流域为研究对象,采集0—10 cm和10—20 cm土层共144份土壤样品,基于EPIC模型估算土壤可蚀性K值,并利用GIS和地统计学方法分析土壤可蚀性K值空间变异特征。[结果](1)二老虎沟小流域土壤砂粒、粉粒、黏粒和有机碳均呈中等变异程度,除黏粒和有机碳为中等空间自相关性外,其他土壤属性均呈弱空间自相关性。(2)小流域土壤可蚀性K值介于0.018 7~0.047 6 t·hm^(2)·h/(hm^(2)·MJ·mm),0—10 cm和10—20 cm土层K值变异系数分别为15.5%和20.3%,属中等变异强度;0—10 cm土层K值主要受随机性因素影响,呈弱空间自相关性,而10—20 cm土层受随机性因素和结构性因素共同影响,为中等空间自相关性。(3) 3种克里格插值方法结果表明:小流域土壤可蚀性K值空间变异受海拔和坡度影响明显,其总体分布趋势为西部和东南部较高、中部及偏东部较低;普通克里格插值方法较适宜应用于砒砂岩覆土区小流域,其估算结果可较好地显示土壤可蚀性的整体和局部两方面的空间变异特征。(4)在垂直空间变异上,0—10 cm和10—20 cm土层土壤可蚀性K值总体分布规律相似,但10—20 cm土层土壤可蚀性K值较0—10 cm土层空间变异更为明显。[结论]海拔和坡度对砒砂岩覆土区典型小流域土壤可蚀性K值空间变异影响明显,未来应优先对坡面和坡顶区域进行土壤侵蚀防治。

大春河小流域土壤有效硼和阳离子交换量变化特征研究

为提高土壤保肥能力和构建合理耕层结构,以云南省昆明市大春河小流域林地、园地、草地、耕地和裸地为研究对象,采用固定深度法和等效质量法2种方法共同计算土壤有效硼(EB)储量,Franzluebbers法计算EB和阳离子交换量(CEC)层化率,分析土壤有效硼和阳离子交换量随深度的变化特征及影响因素。结果表明:EB含量和储量随深度变化差异显著(P <0.05),林地和园地随深度的增加而降低,草地、耕地和裸地随深度的增加而增加;林地EB和CEC层化率SR2大于SR1;土壤CEC含量随土壤深度增加显著增加或降低;阳离子附着于土壤而流失,土壤CEC含量随土壤深度的增加而递减;有机质(OM)、总氮(TN)、含水率(MC)和容重(BD)对EB和CEC具有显著相关性(P <0.05),不同土地利用类型的OM、TN和MC与EB和CEC呈正相关关系,BD与土壤EB和CEC呈负相关关系;林地和园地保肥能力高于草地、耕地和裸地,0~20cm保肥能力最好;草地、耕地和裸地40~60 cm保肥能力最好。植被覆盖率和土壤侵蚀是影响EB和CEC变化的主要物理因素,OM、TN、MC和BD是影响EB和CEC变化的主要化学因素,需构建合理耕作层,提高保水保肥能力。