Research and Implementation of the Enterprise Evaluation Based on a Fusion Clustering Model of AHP-FCM

Traditional clustering method is easy to slow convergence speed because of high data dimension and setting random initial clustering center. To improve these problems, a novel method combining subtractive clustering with fuzzy C-means( FCM)clustering will be advanced. In the method, the initial cluster number and cluster center can be obtained using subtractive clustering. On this basis,clustering result will be further optimized with FCM. In addition,the data dimension will be reduced through the analytic hierarchy process( AHP) before clustering calculating.In order to verify the effectiveness of fusion algorithm,an example about enterprise credit evaluation will be carried out. The results show that the fusion clustering algorithm is suitable for classifying high-dimension data,and the algorithm also does well in running up processing speed and improving visibility of result. So the method is suitable to promote the use.

Competitive Advantages and Clustering of SMEs： An Analysis of Clustering Effect on Competition in Small-Scale Enterprises in Istanbul

According to Michael Porter＇s Diamond Model, a business cluster is defined as geographic concentration of inter-connected companies and institutions working in a common industry. In addition, clusters encompass an array of collaborating and competing services and providers that create a specialized infrastructure, which supports the cluster＇s industry. The economic cluster model, represents a synergy, a dynamic relationship and a network between not only the companies that comprise a cluster but also the successful partnering of the stakeholders. Today in all over the world, successful clusters have established a greater competitive advantage and wealth creation for their regions when compared to companies not in a cluster. Given this success more policy makers and regions are considering fostering cluster development as building blocks of regional economies. Research is planned and performed for understanding the clustering in SMEs （small and medium enterprises） industrial estate in Istanbul if it gives a competitive advantage to the cluster members or not. It is performed to determine and satisfy the lack of knowledge about the small and medium enterprises＇ issues, technologic systems, production quality standards, capacity usage ratios, interactions with other firms, habits of following the technologic improvements and clustering effects on the members.

Research on the Informatilization of the Small-medium Sized Technological Enterprise in China

The paper analyses the necessity and importance of enterprise informatilization in Small-medium Sized technological enterprises in China. Considering the problems existing in the informatilization, the authors suggest that some problems and countermeasures be paid special attention when the enterprises promote their survival and development by informatilization.

Research and Discussion on Project Cluster Teaching Mode based on the Enterprise Level Application

Currently, the country promotes with great effort the university should the application specific education, speeds up constructing to take getting employed as the guidance modern vocational education system. In order to strengthen the vocational skill ability of student and enhance the employment competitiveness, this article proposes enterprise application-based project colony educational model. In the teaching process, the school subject knowledge education and business skills needs of the enterprise integration, the use of enterprise program teaching, so that students can not only receive professional knowledge of the system education, but also the ability of professional application of formal training and training, after graduation the students can quickly adapt to the work of the business requirements, to achieve the purpose of application-oriented teaching.

A Modeling Framework Based on Enterprises Cluster for Virtual Enterprise

As a new type of organization form,virtual enterprise is believed to have many theoretical advantages,but these advantages have not been fully shown in practice yet.The paper intends to analyze the causes and to propose ideas to solve the problem.Starting from the characteristics of virtual enterprise,the paper analyzes the factors hindering the practice of the virtual enterprises,evaluates the lack of existing models,and then comes to the conclusion that a unified, simplified model is more conducive to the realization of virtual enterprise according to the actual situation.Learning from the mechanism of enterprises cluster,the paper suggests a modeling framework for the new idea of virtual enterprise which is effective in operation.The main contributions of this modeling include:constitute a standardized operating platform to overcome the prime obstacle from the diversity of the partners for the practice of virtual enterprise;and set up a collaboration layer as the buffer mechanism between the partners and the database.

The Strategy of Industrial Clusters to Deal with Disruptive Innovation

Disruptive innovation may be a fatal threat to industrial clusters, or it may be a major development opportunity. The key lies in how industrial clusters respond to disruptive innovation. The main obstacles to the development of disruptive innovation in industrial clusters are lock-in and cluster inertia, which originate from the negative effects of cluster system isomorphism. In order to break through the development barriers, industrial clusters need to adopt a targeted overall response strategy, including adopting bottom-up local subversive innovation policies, introducing external knowledge, encouraging spin-off entrepreneurial enterprises, and encouraging alliances and cooperation between incumbent enterprises and entrepreneurial enterprises, etc.

Clusters as a Way of Penetration of International Market

The global financial and economic crisis has negatively affected all business units. Tough fight for the market position results in effort to create efficient methods to maintain company＇s competitiveness. Some of small and medium entrepreneurs have started to search the business allies. As an example of such possibility of cooperation the formation of clusters should be mention. The main intention of this paper is to demonstrate possibility for small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs） to cooperatively penetrate new markets. Attention is focused mainly on a real export-oriented cluster. Ambition is to use costs and benefits analysis to test ability of the cluster to improve chances of companies to penetrate new markets. In order to link this analysis to real life as much as possible, existing cluster was used and on its accomplishments and failures costs and benefits of clustering are demonstrated.

基于cluster供应链组织系统体系结构

从供应链系统的角度出发 ,在比较与传统厂商关系和基于电子商务的供应链的不同的基础上 ,说明了企业cluster式供应链系统的特点。

Researches on Countermeasures and the Status Quo of Agricultural Industrialized Cluster in Henan Province

On the basis of the introduction of the connotation of agricultural industrialized cluster,the thesis introduces the competitive advantages of agricultural industrialized cluster as follows:firstly,it makes the agricultural production factors cluster and curtails the agricultural production costs;secondly it enhances the innovation abilities of industries;thirdly it improves the urbanization level of rural areas and increases farmers' income.The thesis also analyzes the status quo of agricultural industrialized cluster in Henan Province,points out the advantages of resources,cost,location and so on,and discuses the existing problems of the agricultural industrialized cluster in Henan Province as follows:firstly,the scale of agricultural industrialized cluster is small and the industrialized chain is short;secondly,there is a shortage of leading enterprises,and the radiating effect within industrialized cluster is not prominent;thirdly,the organization degree of agricultural industrialized cluster is weak,lacking scientific innovation ability.In order to solve the existing problems,the corresponding countermeasures are put forward as follows:firstly,take the market as the orientation,strengthen the policies formulation and accelerate the development of agricultural industrialized cluster in Henan by leaps and bounds;secondly,choose suitable developing models of agricultural industrialized cluster.

Research on mechanism of technological diffusion in indus-try cluster

The main aim of the paper is to explain the reason and mechanism of technological diffusion in industry cluster. Following the idea showed in Zhou Qin’s model, we further develop the theoretical analysis that how the technological gap between strong enterprises and weak enterprises determines the level and speed of technological diffusion. The bigger the technological disparity between strong enterprise and weak enterprise is, the quicker technology spreads and knowledge overflows; on the contrary, the smaller the technological disparity between strong enterprise and weak enterprise is, the slower technology spread and knowledge overflows. Therefore, this kind of mechanism is helpful for enterprises in an industry cluster to learn from each other and to enable each enterprise close to the “the average level” of technology or knowledge. As a result, we think that, there exists a close relation between technological gap and technological diffusion. The paper puts forward the way of knowledge overflows of the strong enterprises: imitation- demonstration effect, the longitudinal connection in the industrial chain, the labor force flow and transfer, informal exchange.

基于网络演化视角的长三角集成电路产业合作创新绩效及影响因素研究

长三角是中国集成电路产业的主要集聚区,但针对该区域集成电路行业产学研多主体深度融合创新绩效的研究较为缺乏。为此,选取1995—2021年长三角集成电路产业的专利数据构建产业合作创新网络,采用ArcGIS可视化手段,通过拓扑结构分析、空间结构分析等方法梳理该网络演化的趋势特征,并基于2021年其中124家集成电路上市企业数据构建结构方程模型,分析长三角集成电路产业合作创新绩效的影响因素。结果表明:长三角集成电路产业合作创新网络的发展可划分为4个阶段,近年来形成了“核心-边缘”的创新网络,网络结构从松散逐渐紧密,网络内区域间联系逐步增强,与区域外主体空间合作的广度和深度不断扩大;企业在合作专利申请行为中的位置优势及经验优势不会影响企业的合作意愿;知识邻近性对关系邻近性和创新绩效的正向影响显著,通过创新绩效对合作创新成果产生中介效应,而且创新绩效对合作创新成果的正向影响显著;环境邻近性显著正向影响知识邻近性且显著负向影响创新绩效。因此,要进一步打造品牌化、国际化和数字化的长三角集成电路产业合作创新公共服务平台,提升长三角集成电路产业合作创新网络的能级。

产业集群社会资本能够打破传承期家族企业创新约束吗?——基于战略参考点转移的研究

探究传承期家族企业的创新问题,对正面临代际传承和国家创新驱动发展战略双重挑战的家族企业具有重要的理论和现实意义。基于战略参考点理论,本文提出对于传承期的家族企业而言,产业集群社会资本是驱动其战略参考点转移以及缓解创新约束的关键因素。对产业集群家族企业调查数据进行统计分析的检验结果表明:处于传承期的家族企业以保持家族控制这一内部导向的战略参考点为主导,从而抑制其创新活动;随着产业集群社会资本的提升,传承期家族企业战略参考点会“由内转外”,具有更强的外部导向,因此能够缓解传承期对家族企业创新的抑制。拓展研究发现,产业集群社会资本通过提升传承期家族企业风险承担能力促进其创新行为。无论是以创新投入还是以新产品创新作为家族企业创新行为的反映,以上结论均得到支持。研究揭示了产业集群社会资本对传承期家族企业战略参考点变化的重要作用,有助于引导和鼓励家族企业提高传承期的创新投入,最终实现“基业长青”。

产业集群视角下校企合作有限理性困境与契约治理探析

职业院校与企业开展合作应签订书面契约。由于有限理性,职业院校与企业在合作过程中不能预测所有可能发生的意外事件,职业教育校企合作面临契约治理困境。在产业集群环境下同行业企业数量多、地理邻近,职业院校与企业之间沟通与交往比较频繁,能增强双方互信,获得丰富的合作经验,从而缓解了有限理性难题。建议针对地区产业发展情况完善职业教育法规条例,分行业制订校企合作契约范本,总结与推广集群区域的校企合作经验,从而提升校企合作契约治理水平,推动校企合作、产教融合高质量发展。

网络嵌入、社会责任贡献与价值创造——基于黑龙江生物产业集群企业的实证研究

在当今的互联网和大数据时代,企业已不再单纯地以一种独立的方式去创造价值,而是以网络化的方式来寻求自身的发展。以网络嵌入理论为基础,引入社会责任贡献作为中介变量,构建网络嵌入(结构嵌入、关系嵌入)对产业集群企业价值创造的影响机制模型。以黑龙江生物产业集群企业为研究对象,采用实地调研与问卷调查相结合的方法进行论证,结果表明:网络嵌入与企业的价值创造具有明显的正相关性,而企业的社会责任贡献是其中一个重要的中介变量。这为黑龙江产业集群中的企业如何提升自身价值创造能力提供了一定的启示,即通过增大企业的社会责任贡献,加深其在产业集群中的嵌入程度,更进一步的创造价值。

数字产业集群发展水平如何影响企业全球价值链地位——基于中国122个城市的经验证据

识别数字产业集群影响企业全球价值链地位的机制,是打造具有国际竞争力的数字产业集群路径。利用A股上市公司的空间匹配数据,研究数字产业集群发展水平对企业全球价值链地位的影响。结果表明:数字产业集群发展水平与企业全球价值链地位间存在“倒U型”关系,一系列内生性和稳健性检验后结论仍然成立;数字产业集群通过贸易利润、市场集中度和供应链集中度影响企业全球价值链地位,并因企业所在城市和行业而异;恰当的数字产业集群对相关企业提供较低的要素成本、广阔的协同合作空间与知识共享,过度的数字产业集群带来“同质化竞争”和供应链与行业“头部固化”,以及压缩企业盈利空间,减少企业信息共享与产品服务创新。

基于优化蚁群算法的物流中心拣货路径优化研究

为解决当前物流企业中普遍存在盈利能力差、利润空间小等问题,以M物流公司为研究对象,在作业成本法与精准化成本管理的基础上引入聚类蚁群算法优化X省的布局来降低成本,并实验分析其有效性。实验结果表明,b值为1时物流总成本最低,为1.759×108元;而z值、值以及a值分别取值1、0.48、2.3时物流总成本最低。在四个参数取值下利用聚类蚁群算法优化后的物流总成本降低至1.81×10^(8)元,同时单个网点的平均利润也优于对比算法。综合来看,研究提出的省外成本管理改进策略具备有效性,可以有效管控物流成本支出。

知识生产新模式下职业本科教育产教融合的适切性与多元策略

职业本科教育作为知识经济时代中国社会发展和产业转型升级的产物越来越受到人们的关注,并接受着时代和实践的考验。产教融合的办学路径恰与知识生产新模式的集群性、聚合性、创新性不谋而合,但现实中却呈现出办学思路与区域经济社会发展不切合、人才培养设计与产业转型升级不切合、教育教学质量与人才供给侧需求不切合的三重困境。实现职业本科教育产教融合路径的改进与发展,应坚持“三个立足”,从宏观、中观、微观三个视角,进行办学模式、人才培养、教学体系的打造、设计与重构。

链主企业引领产业集群升级的机理、模式与路径

数字经济深刻改变了产业集群升级演化的动力,使地理区位的重要性降低,产业集群间的竞争转变为集群生态竞争。链主企业是产业集群内的焦点企业和“关键少数”,能够直接或间接影响集群的资源配置与应用,引领产业集群发展和升级的方向。从作用机理看,链主企业通过推动创新资源流动和扩散、优化集群安全与韧性管理体系、引领产业集群数字化升级和虚拟集聚、构建集群优质生态等路径为产业集群发展演化提供强劲的内生动力,推动集群向创新能力增强、韧性和稳定性提升、集聚形式优化和生态系统开放共享等方向升级。从引领模式看,基于政府在集群发展中承担的角色和链主企业的类型,可将引领模式分为“链主+链长”的内外动力协同型、集成型链主企业技术创新引领型和平台型链主企业数字生态引领型三大模式。不同模式下链主企业的引领能力和作用方式不同,产业集群升级主要动力、演化规律等方面也存在一定差异。产业集群是主体构成复杂的生态系统,产业集群升级需要集群内部主体与外部环境协同作用和共促。作为产业集群内部的关键主体,链主企业引领着产业集群的演化方向,主导产业集群与外部环境的互动交流,创造和激发产业集群升级的动力。因此,为创造和激发产业集群升级的强劲动力,应该以产业集群理论和产业发展的客观经济规律为基础,抓住链主企业这一“关键少数”,完善培育与保障政策体系,充分释放其强大的示范作用和引领能力,打造强劲的产业集群升级内生动力系统,驱动产业集群持续升级优化。

Innovation Portfolio Management for Small-medium Enterprises

For small and medium sized enterprises,portfolio management can be a difficult exercise;especially when the available paths forwards are shrouded in mystery.To overcome this,they are required to research and decide upon the path to follow,but this can be difficult when the information to gather is unclear,leading to ad-hoc processes and inconsistency.The motivation for this project originated from a small and medium sized enterprise experiencing this problem of unknown critical information and a technological portfolio with significant potential.With no procedure or method in place,they conducted the research in an ad-hoc way resulting in uncertainty and low repeatability of decisions.To tackle this problem,innovation structuring frameworks were synthesised with appropriate risks and context to pose a new structure for information capture.The resulting structure was tested within the small and medium sized enterprise to investigate the repeatability of the information capture and the subsequent ranking.The proposed structure was also analysed by-process experts for its wider applicability.For the small and medium sized enterprise,this led to a consistent and repeatable method that delivered increased confidence about selecting a path forwards for its portfolio.In addition,it was found to be applicable to external organisations increasing the moders worth and applicability.The implications of this work have led to a change in the operational procedure of the small and medium sized enterprise to utilise the defined process for researching new ideas for their portfolio which can lead to repeatable and trustworthy decisions.This also has applicability to other similar companies and could lead them through a repeatable process as presented here.