The interaction relation between lanthanum and the constituent elements of Sn-Pb alloy system was analyzed by using the thermodynamic models including Miedema formation energy model for binary system, Tanaka modificat...The interaction relation between lanthanum and the constituent elements of Sn-Pb alloy system was analyzed by using the thermodynamic models including Miedema formation energy model for binary system, Tanaka modification by excess entropy and the Chou geometric model for ternary system. The thermodynamic calculaton results show that lanthanum has higher affinity for Sn in the Sn-Pb system. This is an important foundation for the improvement of the metallurgical properties of Sn-Pb solder alloy by adding rare earth elements.展开更多
The exploration of low bandgap perovskite material to approach Shockley-Queisser limit of photovoltaic device is of great significance,but it is still challenging.During the past few years,tin–lead(Sn-Pb)mixed perovs...The exploration of low bandgap perovskite material to approach Shockley-Queisser limit of photovoltaic device is of great significance,but it is still challenging.During the past few years,tin–lead(Sn-Pb)mixed perovskites with low bandgaps have been rapidly developed,and their single junction solar cells have reached power conversion efficiency(PCE)over 21%,which also makes them ideal candidate as low bandgap sub-cell for tandem device.Nevertheless,due to the incorporation of unstable Sn^(2+),the stability issue becomes the vital problem for the further development of Sn-Pb mixed perovskite solar cells(PSCs).In this review,we are dedicated to give a full view in current understanding on the stability issue of SnPb mixed perovskites and their PSCs.We begin with the demonstration on the origin of instability of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites,including oxidation of Sn^(2+),defects,and interfacial layer induced instability.Sequentially,the up-to-date developments on the stability improvement of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites and their PSCs is systematically reviewed,including composition engineering,additive engineering,and interfacial engineering.At last,the current challenges and future perspectives on the stability study of Sn-Pb mixed PSCs are discussed,which we hope could promote the further application of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites towards commercialization.展开更多
文摘The interaction relation between lanthanum and the constituent elements of Sn-Pb alloy system was analyzed by using the thermodynamic models including Miedema formation energy model for binary system, Tanaka modification by excess entropy and the Chou geometric model for ternary system. The thermodynamic calculaton results show that lanthanum has higher affinity for Sn in the Sn-Pb system. This is an important foundation for the improvement of the metallurgical properties of Sn-Pb solder alloy by adding rare earth elements.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 51972172,61705102,91833304 and 51802253)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2019JM-326)+5 种基金the Joint Research Funds of Department of Science&Technology of Shaanxi Province and Northwestern Polytechnical University(No.2020GXLH-Z007)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Distinguished Young Scholars,China(Grant BK20200034)the Young 1000 Talents Global Recruitment Program of ChinaJiangsu Specially Appointed Professor program“Six talent peaks”Project in Jiangsu Province,Chinathe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘The exploration of low bandgap perovskite material to approach Shockley-Queisser limit of photovoltaic device is of great significance,but it is still challenging.During the past few years,tin–lead(Sn-Pb)mixed perovskites with low bandgaps have been rapidly developed,and their single junction solar cells have reached power conversion efficiency(PCE)over 21%,which also makes them ideal candidate as low bandgap sub-cell for tandem device.Nevertheless,due to the incorporation of unstable Sn^(2+),the stability issue becomes the vital problem for the further development of Sn-Pb mixed perovskite solar cells(PSCs).In this review,we are dedicated to give a full view in current understanding on the stability issue of SnPb mixed perovskites and their PSCs.We begin with the demonstration on the origin of instability of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites,including oxidation of Sn^(2+),defects,and interfacial layer induced instability.Sequentially,the up-to-date developments on the stability improvement of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites and their PSCs is systematically reviewed,including composition engineering,additive engineering,and interfacial engineering.At last,the current challenges and future perspectives on the stability study of Sn-Pb mixed PSCs are discussed,which we hope could promote the further application of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites towards commercialization.
