The mechanisms,evaluation and estimation of anti-skid performance of snowy and icy pavement:A review

The anti-skid performance of snowy and icy pavements is a popular research topic among road workers.Snow and ice are pollutants on a road surface.They significantly reduce the skid resistance of pavements,and thus,cause traffic accidents.Pertinent research progress on the skid resistance of snowy and icy pavements was reviewed and summarized in this work.The formation and classification of snowy and icy pavements were described on the basis of the state of snow and ice.The friction mechanisms between tires and snowy and icy pavements were revealed.Measurement methods and their applicability to the skid resistance of snowy and icy pavements were summarized.Factors that affect the skid resistance of pavements were discussed from the perspectives of pavement,environment,and vehicle.In addition,models of snowy and icy pavement resistance were classified into experience,mechanical,and numerical models.The advantages and disadvantages of these models were then compared and analyzed.Some suggestions regarding snowy and icy pavements were presented in accordance with the aforementioned information,including the development of efficient testing tools,the quantification of skid resistance under the coupling effects of multiple factors,the establishment of unified evaluation standards,and the development of more effective skid resistance models.

交际翻译视角下小说英译的策略选择——以Tracks in the Snowy Forest为例

Peter Newmark提出的交际翻译论强调以读者为中心,重视译文对目的语读者所产生的效果,也为文学翻译研究提供了新的视角。本文从交际翻译的角度出发,以《林海雪原》英译本Tracks in the Snowy Forest为例,从归化和意译两个翻译策略入手,探讨交际翻译对小说类文学作品英译的影响。

A Stylistic Analysis of “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”

This paper gives a stylistic analysis of the poem "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" by American poet Robert Frost, and then probes how the author achieves his expected goal through attracting readers' attention and leaving them much space to create their own imagination.

独立林雪夜——Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening一诗的翻译和欣赏

分析了《StoppingbyWoodsOnaSnowyEvening》一诗的原义 ,并用适当的汉语和诗歌形式将原义表达出来。说明了此诗所描写的一种典型环境对揭示诗中人物性格所起的作用。

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening两个中译本对比赏析

罗伯特·弗罗斯特是20世纪美国最受欢迎的诗人之一,曾四度获得普利策奖。其代表作之一＂Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening＂已被译成多种版本来供中国的广大读者阅读与欣赏。本文通过文学文体学理论,从词汇表达、句法结构、修辞特征、衔接与语境四个方面对比与欣赏余光中和顾子欣对该诗的译本,揭示文学文体学理论对评价诗歌文体翻译的指导意义。

Impacts of the SSTs over Equatorial Central–Eastern Pacific and Southeastern Indian Ocean on the Cold and Rainy/Snowy/Icy Weather in Southern China

Low temperature together with snow/freezing rain is disastrous in winter over southern China.Previous studies suggest that this is related to the sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies,especially La Nina conditions,over the equatorial central–eastern Pacific Ocean(EP).In reality,however,La Nina episodes are not always accompanied by rainy/snowy/icy(CRSI)days in southern China,such as the case in winter 2020/2021.Is there any other factor that works jointly with the EP SST to affect the winter CRSI weather in southern China?To address this question,CRSI days are defined and calculated based on station observation data,and the related SST anomalies and atmospheric circulations are examined based on the Hadley Centre SST data and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data for winters of1978/1979–2017/2018.The results indicate that the CRSI weather with more CRSI days is featured with both decreased temperature and increased winter precipitation over southern China.The SSTs over both the EP and the southeastern Indian Ocean(SIO)are closely related to the CRSI days in southern China with correlation coefficients of-0.29 and 0.39,significant at the 90%and 95%confidence levels,respectively.The SST over EP affects significantly air temperature,as revealed by previous studies,with cooler EP closely related to the deepened East Asian trough,which benefits stronger East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM)and lower air temperature in southern China.Nevertheless,this paper discovers that the SST over SIO affects precipitation of southern China,with a correlation coefficient of 0.42,significant at the 99%confidence level,with warmer SIO correlated with deepened southern branch trough(SBT)and strengthened western North Pacific anomalous anticyclone(WNPAC),favoring more water vapor convergence and enhanced precipitation in southern China.Given presence of La Ni?a in both winters,compared to the winter of 2020/2021,the winter of 2021/2022 witnessed more CRSI days,perhaps due to the warmer SIO.

Delivering Happiness over Snowy Roads

Chimed Dorje is a mail truck driver for China Post in Garze County, Sichuan Province, and is responsible for delivering mail on the Garze to Dege section of the Sichuan-Tibet postal network. For 30 years, he has been driving mail trucks on snow-covered roads at an average elevation of 3500 meters. Though an ordinary worker, he has made extraordinary achievements. With great passion and a powerful sense of duty, he has taken it as his mission to ensure that the postal system serves the people, thus helping to create and safeguard better lives for the Tibetan people.

Peach Blossoms in the Snowy Night

THE dish "peach blossoms in the snowy night" is a dish which uses shrimp as its main ingredient. A story about this dish occurred more than 1,300 years ago. According to the legend, in February of 655 A.D., Emperor Gaozong Li Zhi of the Tang Dynasty became seriously ill soon after Wu Zetian was chosen as Empress. As wife of the Emperor. Wu took good care of Li

First Successful Nesting of Black Oystercatchers among Endangered California Least Terns along the West Coast of North America

A pair of Black Oystercatchers(Haematopus bachmani)established a nest in June 2022 at“Tern Town”,an island located in Hayward,California along the eastern side of the San Francisco Bay.This is the first documented occurrence of oystercatchers successfully nesting and fledgling young in association with California Least Terns.The island provides nesting habitat for three special status species.Since 2015,and for a total of six breeding seasons,the endangered California Least Tern(Sternula antillarum browni),the threatened Western Snowy Plover(Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus)and species-of-special-concern Black Skimmer(Rynchops niger),have nested successfully,in association with American Avocet(Recurvirostra americana)and Black-necked Stilt(Himantopus mexicanus).We collected shells near the oystercatcher nest to assess their diet.Diet data showed the oystercatchers foraged on,in decreasing order of abundance,Japanese Little-necked Clams(Ruditapes philippinarum),Ribbed Mussels(Geukensia demissa),Bent-nose Clams(Macoma nasuta),Limpets(Patellogastropoda sp.)and Bay Mussels(Mytilus edulis).This new report on breeding Black Oystercatchers indicates that managing habitat for California Least Tern,Western Snowy Plover,and Black Skimmer can also benefit Black Oystercatcher.This site-specific information on breeding Black Oystercatchers supports recovery plan tasks that are consistent with managing habitat for California Least Tern,Western Snowy Plover and Black Skimmer.

黄山温泉风景区旅游总体策划研究(英文)

Based on tourist resources' evaluation and tourism market development of Huangshan Hot Spring Scenic Area,by combining with relevant theories of "SWOT",the paper has identif ied the leading functional orientation and tourism development idea of the hot spring scenic area.Meanwhile,by following the principle of "sustainable use" of Huangshan natural resources,planning strategies and implementing suggestions have been put forward based on "addition,subtraction,multiplication and division".The ultimate purpose is to create diversified tourism experiences for tourists and improve tour quality of hot spring scenic area,and f inally build Huangshan tourism brand of "Snowy Hot Spring".

Video-based measurement and data analysis of traffic flow on urban expressways

A new video-based measurement is proposed to collect and investigate traffic flow parameters. The output of the measurement is velocity-headway distance data pairs. Because density can be directly acquired by the reciprocal of headway distance, the data pairs have the advantage of better simultaneity than those from common detectors. By now, over 33 000 pairs of data have been collected from two road sections in the cities of Shanghai and Zhengzhou. Through analyzing the video files recording traffic movements on urban expressways, the following issues are studied：laws of vehicle velocity changing with headway distance, proportions of di0erent driving behaviors in the traffic system, and characteristics of traffic flow in snowy days. The results show that the real road traffic is very complex, and factors such as location and climate need to be taken into consideration in the formation of traffic flow models.

论英语诗歌汉译过程中的再创作——以《雪夜林边驻马》为例

诗歌翻译是一个十分具有争议的话题,许多人甚至认为诗歌是无法翻译的。诗歌所带给人的美感无论是从其意境层面还是其诵读时的音乐性,都是由某一特定的语言造就的,因而诗歌的美学要素很难在字句的转化中体现出来,更贴切地说,诗歌翻译是一种基于对原文美学理解欣赏之上的再创作行为。

Optimising local council's return on investment from annual pavement rehabilitation budgets through targeting of the average pavement condition index

A high quality transportation system is necessary in a modem economy, and a road network is a common and significant, component of the system. Road systems have two major objectives： to enable the movement of passenger vehicles and the movement of freight vehicles at reasonable speeds. An important part of the transportation system and an expensive investment, a functional road network must meet both objectives to main- tain an efficient economy. In Australia, the Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development reported that, in 2011/12, the total road length was approximately 900,000 kin, and the total road expenditure was approximately $19 billion. Good policy requires that infrastructure investments provide a return on investment, thus warranting judicious management to ensure that it is maintained in a cost effective manner. Recent studies in Queensland, Australia, have identified differences between financial and engi- neering professionals in their understanding of infrastructure depreciation, condition deterioration, and future funding needs. Furthermore, the Queensland Asset Sustainability Ratio （ASR） requires clearer definitions to ensure that infrastructure remains meaningful to all users. This study proposes a separate sustainability index for road pavements （SIR） unlike the ASR that combines all type of assets. The justification is our ability to assess road condition, the high value of road assets, relative value to other infrastructure, and advanced knowledge of deterioration relative to other infrastructure. The SIR involves community consultation to target an average pavement condition index （PCI）. This study also provides an alternative method to determine the optimal target PCI for a local