Many previous studies have focused on youth soccer player injuries without body component analysis compared to non-athletes. Only a few studies which have investigated body components of youth soccer players, and stud...Many previous studies have focused on youth soccer player injuries without body component analysis compared to non-athletes. Only a few studies which have investigated body components of youth soccer players, and studies that look at electrical characteristics used by rheobase and chronaxie as well as body components are even scarcer. Therefore, we feel that there is a need for a study investigating objective clinical analysis of the body components (body structure and body composition) and electrical characteristics of both youth soccer players and non-athletes. Sixty subjects participated in our study, comprising of thirty youth soccer players and thirty non-athletes. The Inbody 520 was used to measure and analyze body composition and the Duo 500 was employed to measure electrical characteristics. It was observed that the soccer players showed markedly lower total impedance compared to the non-athletes. In both legs, it was particularly noted that there were significant differences between the right and left sides. The soccer players showed a higher skeletal muscle mass and lean/ideal lean × 100% compared to the non-athletes. Furthermore, the soccer players had a lower rheobase and higher chronaxie. A comparison of the genders showed a similar pattern. In this study, we were able to separate the differences in body components and electrical characteristics between the subject groups using a systemic approach. Future studies on diverse types of athletes would contribute further to the development of clinical physiotherapy and sports rehabilitation.展开更多
The number of scientific investigations on women＇s football specific to the topics of player characteristics and demands of the game has considerably increased in recent years due to the increased popularity of the w...The number of scientific investigations on women＇s football specific to the topics of player characteristics and demands of the game has considerably increased in recent years due to the increased popularity of the women＇s game worldwide, although they are not yet as numerous as in the case of men＇s football. To date, only two scientific publications have attempted to review the main findings of studies published in this area. However, one of them was published about 20 years ago, when women＇s football was still in its infancy and there were only a few studies to report on. The other review was more recent. Nonetheless, its main focus was on the game and training demands of senior elite female players. Thus, information on female footballers of lower competitive levels and younger age groups was not included. Consequently, an updated review is needed in this area. The present article therefore aims to provide an overview of a series of studies that have been published so far on the specific characteristics of female football players and the demands of match-play. Mean values reported in the literature for age （12-27 years）, body height （155-174 cm）, body mass （48-72 kg）, percent body fat （13%-29%）, maximal oxygen uptake （45.1-55.5 mL/kg/min）, Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level l （780-1379 m）, maximum heart rate （189-202 bpm）, 30 m sprint times （4.34-4.96 s）, and counter- movement jump or vertical jump （28-50 cm） vary mostly according to the players＇ competitive level and positional role. There are also some special considerations that coaches and other practitioners should he aware of when working with female athletes such as the menstrual cycle, potential pregnancy and lactation, common injury risks （particularly knee and head injuries） and health concerns （e.g., female athlete triad, iron deficiency, and anemia） that may affect players＇ football performance, health or return to play. Reported mean values for total distance covered （4-13 km）, distance covered at high-speed （0.2-1.7 km）, average/peak heart rate （74%-87%/94%-99% HRmax）, average/peak oxygen uptake （52%-77%/96%-98% VO2max）, and blood lactate （2.2-7.3 mmol/L） during women＇s football match-play vary according to the players＇ competitive level and positional role. Methodological differences may account for the discrepancy of the reported values as well. Finally, this review also aims to identify literature gaps that require further scientific research in women＇s football and to derive a few practical recom-mendations. The information presented in this report provides an objective point of reference about player characteristics and game demands at various levels of women＇s football, which can help coaches and sport scientists to design more effective training programs and science-based strategies for the further improvement of players＇ football performance, health, game standards, and positive image of this sport.展开更多
检索足球运动员力量与其它身体素质结合训练的相关文献,整合并评述结合训练的研究进展。在Web of science、PubMed、中国知网数据库检索2000———2023年发表的相关文献,依照排除和纳入标准最终得到文献36篇,其中力量结合耐力、协调、...检索足球运动员力量与其它身体素质结合训练的相关文献,整合并评述结合训练的研究进展。在Web of science、PubMed、中国知网数据库检索2000———2023年发表的相关文献,依照排除和纳入标准最终得到文献36篇,其中力量结合耐力、协调、速度、灵敏的文献分别为12、5、11、8篇。研究结果显示:①在力量与耐力结合训练方面,任意负荷强度均能提升非高水平运动员的力量和心肺功能,而精英运动员则需要次极限强度的刺激才能提升其专项力量、冲刺速度、灵敏性及有氧耐力,且课内训练内容的顺序效益相近;②在力量与协调结合训练方面,先进行动态或静态协调训练可为随后的高质量力量训练奠定基础,训练安排选用板块分期模式更为有效;③在力量与速度结合训练方面,超等长与速度相结合的日间交替安排有助于提高冲刺及跳跃能力,而课内交替练习对提升跳跃、冲刺和变向能力等专项力量和速度的效果良好;④在力量与灵敏结合训练方面,日常技战术训练中采用力量与灵敏的课内交替,可以提高其跳跃、冲刺、转向及平衡能力。综上所述,可以从阶段、周、课3个层次建构足球运动员多素质相结合的训练组织与安排。展开更多
文摘Many previous studies have focused on youth soccer player injuries without body component analysis compared to non-athletes. Only a few studies which have investigated body components of youth soccer players, and studies that look at electrical characteristics used by rheobase and chronaxie as well as body components are even scarcer. Therefore, we feel that there is a need for a study investigating objective clinical analysis of the body components (body structure and body composition) and electrical characteristics of both youth soccer players and non-athletes. Sixty subjects participated in our study, comprising of thirty youth soccer players and thirty non-athletes. The Inbody 520 was used to measure and analyze body composition and the Duo 500 was employed to measure electrical characteristics. It was observed that the soccer players showed markedly lower total impedance compared to the non-athletes. In both legs, it was particularly noted that there were significant differences between the right and left sides. The soccer players showed a higher skeletal muscle mass and lean/ideal lean × 100% compared to the non-athletes. Furthermore, the soccer players had a lower rheobase and higher chronaxie. A comparison of the genders showed a similar pattern. In this study, we were able to separate the differences in body components and electrical characteristics between the subject groups using a systemic approach. Future studies on diverse types of athletes would contribute further to the development of clinical physiotherapy and sports rehabilitation.
文摘The number of scientific investigations on women＇s football specific to the topics of player characteristics and demands of the game has considerably increased in recent years due to the increased popularity of the women＇s game worldwide, although they are not yet as numerous as in the case of men＇s football. To date, only two scientific publications have attempted to review the main findings of studies published in this area. However, one of them was published about 20 years ago, when women＇s football was still in its infancy and there were only a few studies to report on. The other review was more recent. Nonetheless, its main focus was on the game and training demands of senior elite female players. Thus, information on female footballers of lower competitive levels and younger age groups was not included. Consequently, an updated review is needed in this area. The present article therefore aims to provide an overview of a series of studies that have been published so far on the specific characteristics of female football players and the demands of match-play. Mean values reported in the literature for age （12-27 years）, body height （155-174 cm）, body mass （48-72 kg）, percent body fat （13%-29%）, maximal oxygen uptake （45.1-55.5 mL/kg/min）, Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level l （780-1379 m）, maximum heart rate （189-202 bpm）, 30 m sprint times （4.34-4.96 s）, and counter- movement jump or vertical jump （28-50 cm） vary mostly according to the players＇ competitive level and positional role. There are also some special considerations that coaches and other practitioners should he aware of when working with female athletes such as the menstrual cycle, potential pregnancy and lactation, common injury risks （particularly knee and head injuries） and health concerns （e.g., female athlete triad, iron deficiency, and anemia） that may affect players＇ football performance, health or return to play. Reported mean values for total distance covered （4-13 km）, distance covered at high-speed （0.2-1.7 km）, average/peak heart rate （74%-87%/94%-99% HRmax）, average/peak oxygen uptake （52%-77%/96%-98% VO2max）, and blood lactate （2.2-7.3 mmol/L） during women＇s football match-play vary according to the players＇ competitive level and positional role. Methodological differences may account for the discrepancy of the reported values as well. Finally, this review also aims to identify literature gaps that require further scientific research in women＇s football and to derive a few practical recom-mendations. The information presented in this report provides an objective point of reference about player characteristics and game demands at various levels of women＇s football, which can help coaches and sport scientists to design more effective training programs and science-based strategies for the further improvement of players＇ football performance, health, game standards, and positive image of this sport.
文摘检索足球运动员力量与其它身体素质结合训练的相关文献,整合并评述结合训练的研究进展。在Web of science、PubMed、中国知网数据库检索2000———2023年发表的相关文献,依照排除和纳入标准最终得到文献36篇,其中力量结合耐力、协调、速度、灵敏的文献分别为12、5、11、8篇。研究结果显示:①在力量与耐力结合训练方面,任意负荷强度均能提升非高水平运动员的力量和心肺功能,而精英运动员则需要次极限强度的刺激才能提升其专项力量、冲刺速度、灵敏性及有氧耐力,且课内训练内容的顺序效益相近;②在力量与协调结合训练方面,先进行动态或静态协调训练可为随后的高质量力量训练奠定基础,训练安排选用板块分期模式更为有效;③在力量与速度结合训练方面,超等长与速度相结合的日间交替安排有助于提高冲刺及跳跃能力,而课内交替练习对提升跳跃、冲刺和变向能力等专项力量和速度的效果良好;④在力量与灵敏结合训练方面,日常技战术训练中采用力量与灵敏的课内交替,可以提高其跳跃、冲刺、转向及平衡能力。综上所述,可以从阶段、周、课3个层次建构足球运动员多素质相结合的训练组织与安排。
