This paper investigates social dimensions in the Libyan family and their relationship to the common practice of bribery. In Libya, bribery is most noticeable in administrative contexts where other practices such as fa...This paper investigates social dimensions in the Libyan family and their relationship to the common practice of bribery. In Libya, bribery is most noticeable in administrative contexts where other practices such as favouritism, fraud and forgery are also found. The paper aims to make an original contribution to knowledge in a little-researched area by examining social dimensions and cultural practices. The paper is based on the basic assumption that there is a relationship between accepting bribes and social dimensions surrounding the family in Libya and will thus also examine bribery as a social culture, by means of a set of variables such as gifts, promises, assistance and loans. The study took place in Benghazi, Libya, where the number of employees exceeded 200. The study was conducted using an interpretative epistemology and a quantitative method. Data were collected using quantitative research instruments and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences （SPSS） was used to analyse the data. The findings of the study suggest that there is a relationship between family relationships, social status and the commission of the crime of bribery except for variables of social status and cultural background, in addition to the social relationship＇s effect on administration.展开更多
Successful language learning entails two levels of competence： adequate control of the grammatical system of the target language and ability to effectively communicate in pragmatic contexts. Espoused by the mantra of...Successful language learning entails two levels of competence： adequate control of the grammatical system of the target language and ability to effectively communicate in pragmatic contexts. Espoused by the mantra of much inculcated communicative orientation in English language teaching and learning, the divination points to pedagogical trends which essentially ）ettison grammar instruction in the classroom. However, language is not merely a tool of communication but an instrument of social control, political power, and economic mobility, all of which require not only skills to ＂get your message across＂ by whatever means, but more importantly, the accurate use of and facility with language that has been codified and assessed formally by standardized tests. This paper critically examines the role of grammatical accuracy and its relation to communication in terms of social and academic functions of English and advocates a revival of currently penurious grammar instruction. Examples from both native and nonnative speakers of English are used to illustrate the interface between grammar and social and political dimensions of communication through language.展开更多
Pop-up stores present many advantages to brands and customers.They take advantage of seasonality and events and manifest themselves in a relevant way in front of the targeted customer.Following a mixed-method approach...Pop-up stores present many advantages to brands and customers.They take advantage of seasonality and events and manifest themselves in a relevant way in front of the targeted customer.Following a mixed-method approach,semi-structured interview outcomes were used to enrich the proposed research model,which was then tested by a questionnaire.Our research’s results highlighted interesting components respective to the Lebanese market’s pop-up stores;test and experimentation,collection presentation,communication and buzz creation.Test results showed that Lebanese pop-up store atmospheres are characterized by their social dimension;customers are less affected by the aesthetics and more affected by the crowd who frequents the pop-up.Results showed that customers feel happier and are more likely to stay and to spend time in the store than to make purchases.展开更多
There is increasing interest in using Google Street View(GSV) for research purposes, particularly with regard to ‘‘virtually auditing'' the built environment to assess environmental quality. Research in this...There is increasing interest in using Google Street View(GSV) for research purposes, particularly with regard to ‘‘virtually auditing'' the built environment to assess environmental quality. Research in this field to date generally suggests GSV is a reliable means of understanding the ‘‘real world'' environment. But limitations around the dates and resolution of images have been identified. An emerging strand within this literature is also concerned with the potential of GSV to understand recovery post-disaster. Using the GSV data set for the evacuated area around the Fukushima Dai'ichi nuclear power plant as a case study, this article evaluates GSV as a means of assessing disaster recovery in a dynamic situation with remaining uncertainty and a significant value and emotive dimension. The article suggests that GSV does have value in giving a high-level overview of the postdisaster situation and has potential to track recovery and resettlement over time. Drawing on social science literature relating to Fukushima, and disasters more widely, the article also argues it is imperative for researchers using GSV to reflect carefully on the wider socio-cultural contexts that are often not represented in the photo montage.展开更多
This paper contests the notion that language learner autonomy is a monolithic construct, by offering evidence that learner autonomy （LA） is comprised of different ＂modes of autonomy＂. Thirty language learners base...This paper contests the notion that language learner autonomy is a monolithic construct, by offering evidence that learner autonomy （LA） is comprised of different ＂modes of autonomy＂. Thirty language learners based in Asia and the UK, completed a Q methodology card sort and were interviewed on how learning in an autonomous environment had impacted upon their development as learners. The results indicated that at least six modes of autonomy were identifiable within these language learners. Further analysis showed that social dimensions of autonomy were central to each mode, and thus reconceptualizing LA in this way allows for multiple understandings of the construct which are culturally rooted and embedded in sociocultural notions of what it means to be a language learner.展开更多
This research examines the dimensions of a supply chain collaboration(SCC)process in Jordanian partners and measures the effectiveness of its implementation using two structural models.The first model examines the rel...This research examines the dimensions of a supply chain collaboration(SCC)process in Jordanian partners and measures the effectiveness of its implementation using two structural models.The first model examines the relationship between the SCC process and relevant structural and social dimensions,including:governance(GO),administrative structure(AD),organization autonomy(OA),norms(NO),and mutuality(MU).The second model studies the effectiveness of SCC implementation via five dimensions,involving:information sharing(IS),resource sharing(RS),goal congruence(GC),decision synchronization(DS),and joint knowledge(JK)creation.A total of 95 organizations are surveyed and then the collected data are analyzed.Results reveal that GO,AD,OA,NO,and MU significantly affect SSC,while AD and MU have the largest effects.On the other hand,SCC implementation is significantly affected by DS and IS,while partially affected by RS.Finally,JK and GC show no significant effects on SCC implementation.In conclusion,although Jordanian collaborative partners successfully established SCC relations,still more efforts should directed to strengthen SCC implementation.展开更多
文摘This paper investigates social dimensions in the Libyan family and their relationship to the common practice of bribery. In Libya, bribery is most noticeable in administrative contexts where other practices such as favouritism, fraud and forgery are also found. The paper aims to make an original contribution to knowledge in a little-researched area by examining social dimensions and cultural practices. The paper is based on the basic assumption that there is a relationship between accepting bribes and social dimensions surrounding the family in Libya and will thus also examine bribery as a social culture, by means of a set of variables such as gifts, promises, assistance and loans. The study took place in Benghazi, Libya, where the number of employees exceeded 200. The study was conducted using an interpretative epistemology and a quantitative method. Data were collected using quantitative research instruments and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences （SPSS） was used to analyse the data. The findings of the study suggest that there is a relationship between family relationships, social status and the commission of the crime of bribery except for variables of social status and cultural background, in addition to the social relationship＇s effect on administration.
文摘Successful language learning entails two levels of competence： adequate control of the grammatical system of the target language and ability to effectively communicate in pragmatic contexts. Espoused by the mantra of much inculcated communicative orientation in English language teaching and learning, the divination points to pedagogical trends which essentially ）ettison grammar instruction in the classroom. However, language is not merely a tool of communication but an instrument of social control, political power, and economic mobility, all of which require not only skills to ＂get your message across＂ by whatever means, but more importantly, the accurate use of and facility with language that has been codified and assessed formally by standardized tests. This paper critically examines the role of grammatical accuracy and its relation to communication in terms of social and academic functions of English and advocates a revival of currently penurious grammar instruction. Examples from both native and nonnative speakers of English are used to illustrate the interface between grammar and social and political dimensions of communication through language.
文摘Pop-up stores present many advantages to brands and customers.They take advantage of seasonality and events and manifest themselves in a relevant way in front of the targeted customer.Following a mixed-method approach,semi-structured interview outcomes were used to enrich the proposed research model,which was then tested by a questionnaire.Our research’s results highlighted interesting components respective to the Lebanese market’s pop-up stores;test and experimentation,collection presentation,communication and buzz creation.Test results showed that Lebanese pop-up store atmospheres are characterized by their social dimension;customers are less affected by the aesthetics and more affected by the crowd who frequents the pop-up.Results showed that customers feel happier and are more likely to stay and to spend time in the store than to make purchases.
文摘There is increasing interest in using Google Street View(GSV) for research purposes, particularly with regard to ‘‘virtually auditing'' the built environment to assess environmental quality. Research in this field to date generally suggests GSV is a reliable means of understanding the ‘‘real world'' environment. But limitations around the dates and resolution of images have been identified. An emerging strand within this literature is also concerned with the potential of GSV to understand recovery post-disaster. Using the GSV data set for the evacuated area around the Fukushima Dai'ichi nuclear power plant as a case study, this article evaluates GSV as a means of assessing disaster recovery in a dynamic situation with remaining uncertainty and a significant value and emotive dimension. The article suggests that GSV does have value in giving a high-level overview of the postdisaster situation and has potential to track recovery and resettlement over time. Drawing on social science literature relating to Fukushima, and disasters more widely, the article also argues it is imperative for researchers using GSV to reflect carefully on the wider socio-cultural contexts that are often not represented in the photo montage.
文摘This paper contests the notion that language learner autonomy is a monolithic construct, by offering evidence that learner autonomy （LA） is comprised of different ＂modes of autonomy＂. Thirty language learners based in Asia and the UK, completed a Q methodology card sort and were interviewed on how learning in an autonomous environment had impacted upon their development as learners. The results indicated that at least six modes of autonomy were identifiable within these language learners. Further analysis showed that social dimensions of autonomy were central to each mode, and thus reconceptualizing LA in this way allows for multiple understandings of the construct which are culturally rooted and embedded in sociocultural notions of what it means to be a language learner.
文摘This research examines the dimensions of a supply chain collaboration(SCC)process in Jordanian partners and measures the effectiveness of its implementation using two structural models.The first model examines the relationship between the SCC process and relevant structural and social dimensions,including:governance(GO),administrative structure(AD),organization autonomy(OA),norms(NO),and mutuality(MU).The second model studies the effectiveness of SCC implementation via five dimensions,involving:information sharing(IS),resource sharing(RS),goal congruence(GC),decision synchronization(DS),and joint knowledge(JK)creation.A total of 95 organizations are surveyed and then the collected data are analyzed.Results reveal that GO,AD,OA,NO,and MU significantly affect SSC,while AD and MU have the largest effects.On the other hand,SCC implementation is significantly affected by DS and IS,while partially affected by RS.Finally,JK and GC show no significant effects on SCC implementation.In conclusion,although Jordanian collaborative partners successfully established SCC relations,still more efforts should directed to strengthen SCC implementation.
