The social environment is most important for not using snus or smoking among adolescents

Aims: To identify factors, which were related to being smoke-free and snus-free, respectively, among adolescents in relation to adolescents who were smoking and/or using snus, and determine if there were any sex differences. Methods: A questionnaire study was performed among students in year two in upper secondary schools (17-years-old) in southern Sweden in 2009. More than 2200 students completed the questionnaire regarding health and living habits anonymously. The variables were tested by χ2-test, before selection into the logistic model. Because of the salutogenic approach in the study, the results of the logistic regression analyses were expressed as Positive Odds Ratio (POR). Results: The prevalence of being smoke- free was 75.6 percent for girls and 70.2 percent for boys, whilst the prevalence of being snus- free was 95.1 percent for girls and 70.2 percent for boys. Having a tobacco-free best friend was the most important factor that correlated with being smoke- and snus-free as an adolescent, for both boys and girls. Good living habits, such as drinking less alcohol, were also central to being smoke-free and snus-free. Conclusions: The results show that a tobacco-free environment has a great influence on whether or not adolescents stay tobacco-free. As the environment has a big impact, the school has a big challenge to work with the school environment and policies but also with family responsibility, norms and attitudes to tobacco.

Based on Multimedia and Network Social Environment--A study of Pragmatic Acquisition in College English Teaching

With the progress of the times,the number of college students is growing exponentially.But the students who enter the university are various and have their own advantages and disadvantages.Among them,the polarization of students'English level is particularly obvious and serious.Therefore,in view of the contradiction between"not enough to learn"and"unable to learn",this paper makes a preliminary exploration on the pragmatic acquisition mode of College English teaching based on multimedia and network social environment.This paper mainly discusses and analyzes the concept of pragmatic acquisition mode and about how to implement it in practical teaching.In addition,this paper is only for reference in the English teaching industry.

Research on Coupling Relationship between Social Economy and Ecological Environment in Jinghe County of Aiby Lake Basin,Xinjiang

Based on the theory of sustainable development,using the theory and method of coupling relationship,the main city of Aiby Lake basin——Jinghe County in Xinjiang is selected. Based on the analyses of natural condition,population growth,land use type and ecological environment,the comprehensive evaluation index systems of socio-economic development level and eco-environment quality in Jinghe County are constructed. Using principal component analysis,a comprehensive evaluation of socio-economic development level and ecological environment quality in Jinghe County is conducted by combining with Excel. Their coupling relationship is studied,and quantitative coordination degree between social economy and ecological environment in Jinghe County is obtained. The results show that in recent 50 years,socio-economic development level in Jinghe County is rising,but the ecological environment quality is falling. Their coupling degree C changes during [- 1. 260, ＋ 0. 482],in other words,their coupling relationship is changing between ＂ reluctant coordination＂ and ＂ not coordination＂. After entering into the 21 stcentury,their coupling relationship is basically ＂ reluctant coordination＂. On this basis,the existing problems in the process of sustainable development in Jinghe County are analyzed,and the suggestions about promoting coordinated development between social economy and ecological environment are put forward.

Analysis of the relationship between environmental policies and air quality during major social events

Based on an analysis of major recent social events in China,such as the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games,2010 Shanghai World Expo,2014 Nanjing Youth Olympic Games,and 2014 Beijing Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Conference,mandatory,temporary,and indemnificatory quantitative policies aimed at protecting air quality,which were carried out by both central and local governments,made substantial contributions to changes and improvements in air quality.To some extent,the findings show that command and control measures play a significant role in protecting air quality,while the law and economic and voluntary environmental safeguard measures do not during major social events.Therefore,it reminds us the air quality could and will improve not only during major social events but also in the regular days if we implement appropriate environmental policies and safeguard measures.

Social Effect of Environmental Pollution on Valley-cities in Western China

Accompanied with the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization,the large and medium-scale valley-cities in the western China are facing environmental problems at respective levels in common. The urban environmental pollution causes economic losses,and also brings out negative effects on urban society. Based on the social investigation method,this paper aims to study the harms to urban society brought by environmental pollution. After the investigation to the inhabitants of six typical valley-cities:Lanzhou,Xining,Chongqing,Baiyin,Luzhou and Zigong,we found that the urban environmental pollution has resulted in negative influences with different levels on residents' physical,psychological,work,recreations,studies and social activities. The problem of environmental pollution has become a serious restriction to sustainable development of cities mentioned above. Herewith,it has become urgent to strengthen the government regulations for controlling urban environmental pollution.

BASF Issues First Report on Economic,Environmental,and Social Performance

Seven key indicators standardize and integrate transparency BASF, the world’s leading chemical company, will enhance its transparency in Greater China by reporting annually on seven key financial, social and environmental indicators: sales, number of employees,

Analysis on diversified socialized relief system for solving environmental infringement

Nowadays,facing severe environmental threats and frequent pollution accidents,China is forced to pay more attention to how to relieve the damages caused by environmental infringement in a timely and effective way during the subsequent treatment.Since environmental damages nowadays are indirect,latent,and complicated,the traditional civil remedy by individuals is no longer an ideal solution to the problem.Therefore,a new system is required to protect the legal rights and interests of the injured party.Under the title of"Analysis on Diversified Socialized Relief System to Solve Environmental Infringement",this essay adopted several research methods including document research,comparative analysis,specific normative analysis,and combination of theory and practice in order to analyze systems on environmental liability insurance,compensation fund for environmental pollution damages,special deposits in advance(sinking fund),etc..The analysis aims to help build a diversified socialized relief system which is suitable for China to solve environmental infringement.

环境工程专业社会调查实践课建设探索与思考

为积极响应党和国家建设生态文明社会,更好地结合大学生实践课与专业课,开展了环境工程专业社会调查实践课。目前,环境工程专业的社会调查主要面临着诸多问题,如理论和实践脱轨、学生缺乏自主教育、考核指标单一等问题。针对存在的问题,结合学院实际情况,提出了一系列包括理论和实践相融合、教师引导教育和学生自主教育相结合、教学和科研相结合、结果评价和过程评价相融合在内的教学建设方法,以期强化学生对环境工程理论知识的理解,加深学生的专业认知度,提升学生的科研能力,为国家输出更多的环保人才。

企业数字化转型对环境社会责任的影响研究--“末端治理”还是“源头控制”?

本文基于2006—2020年我国A股上市企业数据,考察企业数字化转型对企业环境社会责任的影响及机制。研究发现:企业数字化转型对企业“源头控制”环境社会责任有显著正向影响,对“末端治理”环境社会责任有显著负向影响,并实现了企业从“末端治理”向“源头控制”的转变。实证结论在经一系列稳健性检验与内生性处理后依然成立。机制分析发现,数字化转型能通过员工绿色行为、企业环境社会关注意愿及全要素生产率影响企业的环境社会责任。调节效应发现,公司治理与融资成本能进一步调节数字化转型对两种环境社会责任的影响。异质性分析发现,数字化转型对非国有、高环境规制及高学历高管在承担“源头控制”环境社会责任上有着更显著的影响。动机分析发现,企业之所以从“末端治理”向“源头控制”环境社会责任的转变,其动机在于后者对企业价值有着更为显著的正向影响,而数字化转型在其中会进一步强化这一影响。

环境规则视角下ESG信息披露模式的制度探析

在气候变化、疫病流行等世界性危机的背景下,环境、社会和公司治理(ESG)成为绿色金融创新的有力工具。在ESG三个维度中,环境要素获得的政策关注度和社会关注度日益提高,从环境规则的视角出发考察当前ESG信息披露的自律监管、强制监管和公私合作三种模式及其典型代表。中国的ESG信息披露主要采用强制监管与公司自律监管相结合,上市公司自律监管规则整体趋同但仍有差异,环境规则方面的制度建设较为系统,但在气候变化、生物多样性以及碳减排方面的信息披露规则仍较缺乏,环境规则碎片化、披露信息漂绿化以及信息披露平台缺乏权威性等现实问题,需要通过优化制度模式、整合环境规则、监管披露行为以及破解信息孤岛等措施来加以解决。

社会交往对亲环境行为的影响:社会信任与环境关心的中介作用

本研究基于社会互动理论、价值基础理论和社会邻近性理论,深入探讨社会交往对亲环境行为的影响机制,并全面考察社会信任与环境关心的作用。研究采用社会交往量表、亲环境行为量表、社会信任量表、环境关心量表,对215名居民进行调查。结果显示:(1)社会交往与社会信任呈显著正相关(r=0.69,p<0.01)、社会交往与环境关心呈显著正相关(r=0.49,p<0.01)、亲环境行为呈显著正相关(r=0.44,p<0.01);(2)社会交往正向预测亲环境行为(β=0.68,p<0.001);(3)社会信任在社会交往与亲环境行为之间起中介作用(β=0.27,p<0.001),环境关心在社会交往与亲环境行为之间起中介作用(β=0.23,p<0.001)。结论:社会交往可以通过社会信任和环境关心的中介作用预测居民的亲环境行为。因此,加强构建和谐的社会关系,充分利用社会交往对亲环境行为的积极作用,推进社会和谐与进步;培养民众对社会成员、社会组织以及社会制度的信任,营造全社会积极参与环境保护的氛围;加强全社会的环境关心教育,提高公众对环境保护的意识和责任感,推动全社会的可持续绿色发展。

混合所有制改革与民营经济高质量发展——基于企业ESG表现视角的研究

以2013—2021年沪深A股上市公司为研究样本,实证检验了国有资本参股对民营企业ESG表现的影响。研究发现,国有资本参股程度越高,民营企业ESG的表现越好。机制检验表明,国有资本参股通过提高环保补助、强化社会责任信息披露质量和降低第二类代理成本提高民营企业的ESG表现。此外,国家股参股和国有股权参与度高的企业中,国有资本参股对民营企业ESG表现的促进作用更为显著。分项检验发现,国有资本参股主要通过提高社会和治理维度来提高民营企业的ESG表现,而国有资本参股对环境表现的提高作用存在环境治理和压力的差异性。

动态环境下民营企业家社会心态对企业韧性的影响研究

文章基于高阶理论和拓展-构建理论,通过对408份长三角地区民营企业样本数据进行分析,构建民营企业家社会心态对企业韧性影响的概念模型,探讨动态环境下民营企业家社会心态对企业韧性的作用机制。研究发现:民营企业家社会心态能够促进其心理韧性的培育,进而有效增强民营企业韧性;民营企业家心理韧性在民营企业家社会心态与企业韧性的关系中发挥了积极作用;环境动态性正向调节民营企业家心理韧性与企业韧性的关系。

农村集体经济发展促进农民共同富裕的实现机制研究——陕西省袁家村的经验

发展壮大农村集体经济是实现农民共同富裕的关键路径,也是促进农民共同富裕的经济基础,但要实现农民共同富裕的目标,还必须有良好的制度保障和环境保障作为支撑。本文通过对陕西省袁家村走向共同富裕的案例进行解剖,讨论在共同富裕的微观实践中农村集体经济高质量发展如何推动农民走向共同富裕。研究表明:(1)农村集体经济发展壮大是促进农民共同富裕的物质基础,但这并不构成农民实现共同富裕的必然条件,要想实现“村庄强”和“农民富”的双重目标,还必须在发展壮大农村集体经济的前提下,构建科学的分配机制与治理环境;(2)农村集体经济发展受乡土社会结构和社会关系影响,因而在进行农村集体经济发展成果分配时必须充分吸收乡土社会运行规则,通过逆市场化的方式来推动分配机制创新,促进集体经济发展成果在村域内实现公平分配;(3)良好的村庄治理生态是实现经济可持续发展和集体成果公平分配的保障,因而在推动经济发展和集体收益分配的过程中,必须重视改善村庄治理生态,以此构建集体经济发展、农民共同富裕和村庄实现善治的良好格局。

自主与协同:环境人文社会科学知识体系的跨学科建构

环境问题是当代人文社会科学知识生产系统必须予以回答、予以回应的重大问题、前沿问题。环境与环境问题的话语生成和社会建构,既来源于人类生产与生活活动中所遭受的来自自然环境的现实困扰和感性认知,更是通过从自然科学到人文社会科学的学科化及跨学科交叉的知识生产、知识传播得以建构。环境问题的社会建构以及国家环境保护实践的主体性,决定了基于国家和民族的环境人文社会科学知识自主性之必然。环境人文社会科学相关学科在初始发展阶段,并未能够真正地深植到中国的实践土壤。建构中国环境人文社会科学自主知识体系,需要立足中国场域、面向中国实践,推进自主理论建构和知识创新。环境人文社会科学内部学科之间存在着学科知识封闭、学科交叉不足的问题,学科之间尚未真正形成学科知识的有机联系和学科交叉的有效机制。推动环境人文社会科学自主协同知识体系的建构,是我国环境人文社会科学体系化发展及其跨学科知识生产机制创新的内在要求。

乡村振兴中国家与农民关系的社会化调适

乡村振兴战略实施中的政策实践,指向了社会学持续关注的国家与农民关系问题。公共资源下乡中国家与农民之间的互动不仅在器物和组织两个层面展开,还集中体现在价值层面。在乡村振兴的积极案例中,国家与农民关系的新形态表现为器物层面上国家资源与社会需求的有效对接,组织层面上社会动员能力的提升,价值层面上农民国家认同感的强化。国家输入的公共资源只有以高度社会化的方式与农民互动时,农民才可能按照特定的行动逻辑将“国家”内化于心,国家权力才算实现了社会合法性的确认和再生产。为了实现国家与农民关系的社会化调适,社会治理公共性的建设不应停留于权力运作的策略层面。国家应充分发掘、激活蕴藏于乡村社会中的本土资源,将自上而下输入的公共资源转化为推动乡村社会开展自主建设的内生要素。如此,公共资源的下乡才能在推动乡村振兴的过程中,促成国家濡化能力在基层的再造,实现现代国家在社会中的扎根和成长。