Personality widely exists in diverse animal taxa.Such inter-individual variance in behaviour is supposed to be influenced by social context.However,it remains unknown whether the experience of social life has any carr...Personality widely exists in diverse animal taxa.Such inter-individual variance in behaviour is supposed to be influenced by social context.However,it remains unknown whether the experience of social life has any carryover effects on the subsequent expression of personality.Here,we examined exploratory behaviour in caged Java Sparrows(Lonchura oryzivora)using exploration assays.Birds were assigned to live in either a solitary or a social context for four weeks.We compared the expressions of exploration before and after the treatments,and found that birds showed higher exploration tendencies after than before social life,while the isolated birds were consistent in their exploratory behaviours.Different living experience led to differences in the exploration activities for birds without significant differences in exploration before.Our results indicate that social experience can make birds more proactive.展开更多
Under the concept of "one country, two systems," first put forward by late Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping to achieve China’s reunification, the main part of the country must continue under socialism while a c...Under the concept of "one country, two systems," first put forward by late Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping to achieve China’s reunification, the main part of the country must continue under socialism while a capitalist system has been allowed to exist in certain areas, including Hong Kong and Macao. Ieong Wan Chong, Director of the Center of Studies of One Country, Two Systems at Macao Polytechnic Institute, shares his insights on how this policy has been successfully implemented in Macao over the last 10 years.展开更多
基金supported by Department of Science and Technology of Liaoning Province(2019-ZD-0196)Department of Education of Liaoning Province(LJC202009)。
文摘Personality widely exists in diverse animal taxa.Such inter-individual variance in behaviour is supposed to be influenced by social context.However,it remains unknown whether the experience of social life has any carryover effects on the subsequent expression of personality.Here,we examined exploratory behaviour in caged Java Sparrows(Lonchura oryzivora)using exploration assays.Birds were assigned to live in either a solitary or a social context for four weeks.We compared the expressions of exploration before and after the treatments,and found that birds showed higher exploration tendencies after than before social life,while the isolated birds were consistent in their exploratory behaviours.Different living experience led to differences in the exploration activities for birds without significant differences in exploration before.Our results indicate that social experience can make birds more proactive.
文摘Under the concept of "one country, two systems," first put forward by late Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping to achieve China’s reunification, the main part of the country must continue under socialism while a capitalist system has been allowed to exist in certain areas, including Hong Kong and Macao. Ieong Wan Chong, Director of the Center of Studies of One Country, Two Systems at Macao Polytechnic Institute, shares his insights on how this policy has been successfully implemented in Macao over the last 10 years.
