Machine learning applications in healthcare clinical practice and research

Machine learning(ML)is a type of artificial intelligence that assists computers in the acquisition of knowledge through data analysis,thus creating machines that can complete tasks otherwise requiring human intelligence.Among its various applications,it has proven groundbreaking in healthcare as well,both in clinical practice and research.In this editorial,we succinctly introduce ML applications and present a study,featured in the latest issue of the World Journal of Clinical Cases.The authors of this study conducted an analysis using both multiple linear regression(MLR)and ML methods to investigate the significant factors that may impact the estimated glomerular filtration rate in healthy women with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Their results implicated age as the most important determining factor in both groups,followed by lactic dehydrogenase,uric acid,forced expiratory volume in one second,and albumin.In addition,for the NAFLD-group,the 5th and 6th most important impact factors were thyroid-stimulating hormone and systolic blood pressure,as compared to plasma calcium and body fat for the NAFLD+group.However,the study's distinctive contribution lies in its adoption of ML methodologies,showcasing their superiority over traditional statistical approaches(herein MLR),thereby highlighting the potential of ML to represent an invaluable advanced adjunct tool in clinical practice and research.

AI-Powered Innovations in High-Tech Research and Development: From Theory to Practice

This comparative review explores the dynamic and evolving landscape of artificial intelligence(AI)-powered innovations within high-tech research and development(R&D).It delves into both theoreticalmodels and practical applications across a broad range of industries,including biotechnology,automotive,aerospace,and telecom-munications.By examining critical advancements in AI algorithms,machine learning,deep learning models,simulations,and predictive analytics,the review underscores the transformative role AI has played in advancing theoretical research and shaping cutting-edge technologies.The review integrates both qualitative and quantitative data derived from academic studies,industry reports,and real-world case studies to showcase the tangible impacts of AI on product innovation,process optimization,and strategic decision-making.Notably,it discusses the challenges of integrating AI within complex industrial systems,such as ethical concerns,technical limitations,and the need for regulatory oversight.The findings reveal a mixed landscape where AI has significantly accelerated R&D processes,reduced costs,and enabled more precise simulations and predictions,but also highlighted gaps in knowledge transfer,skills adaptation,and cross-industry standardization.By bridging the gap between AI theory and practice,the review offers insights into the effectiveness,successes,and obstacles faced by organizations as they implement AI-driven solutions.Concluding with a forward-looking perspective,the review identifies emerging trends,future challenges,and promising opportunities inAI-poweredR&D,such as the rise of autonomous systems,AI-driven drug discovery,and sustainable energy solutions.It offers a holistic understanding of how AI is shaping the future of technological innovation and provides actionable insights for researchers,engineers,and policymakers involved in high-tech Research and Development(R&D).

A Book Review of Becoming a Reading Teacher:Connecting Research and Practice

The book Becoming a Reading Teacher:Connecting Research and Practice aims to encourage readers to regard reading as a lifelong habit.To bridge the gap between teachers and researchers,this book is structured around four parts:reading as a linguistic process,reading as a personal experience,reading as a collective experience,and reading as a classroom practice.The definition of a reading teacher can be interpreted in two ways:the teacher who builds readings into the lesson and the teacher who provides the opportunity for learners to be readers,but who is a reader themselves.Such teachers regard reading as a lifelong learning habit and pass on the enthusiasm to learners,eventually creating a reading culture beyond the classroom.However,the necessity for reading teachers to participate in the research may be explained as follows.Firstly,new research may change one’s mind.What’s more,research allows teachers to turn their difficulties,surprises,and challenges into questions,and to seek answers to those questions.In addition,research helps teachers overcome the challenges in teaching by discovering new strategies.Research can also help to prove teachers’choices and decisions in teaching.Secondly,research allows teachers to see the role they play in the bigger picture.Research connects teachers with others and gives them a broader and shared perspective on their questions and experiences.Last but not least,research informs and promotes changes in policy,thinking,and so on.

Research and Practice of Course Reform in English Majors of Colleges and Universities from the Ideological and Political Perspective

There is an urgent need for high-quality talents with ideological and moral character for the development of higher education and the cultivation of English majors who meet the requirements of the times.The course reform in English majors from the ideological and political perspective is an important way to improve the comprehensive quality and moral values of students,which helps to cultivate English talents with social responsibility and innovative abilities.This paper analyzes the problems in the current courses through literature review and field research,such as the lack of ideological and political perspective and low interest of students in ideological and political content.Based on these issues,taking the course“Comprehensive English”as an example,various teaching stages were practiced from the aspects of learning objectives,learning content,learning situation,implementation ideas,implementation effects,and teaching evaluation.Additionally,some suggestions are proposed,such as integrating ideological and political content into the entire process of teaching.The teaching staff needs to possess high-level English teaching ability and ideological and political perspective,standardize the evaluation system,and integrate epistemology into the evaluation process of ideological and political education,in order to promote in-depth research and exploration of ideological and political education of English majors.

Nurses’ perspective of the research-practice gap in nursing

This work aims to explore the views of Nigerian nurses on research-practice gap in the clinical practice and the challenges in the utilization of nursing research. The results from in-depth interview and focus group discussion demonstrated that a research-practice gap existed in the clinical setting. The nurses generally did not utilize research findings in their practice. Some useful suggestions were recommended to solve the problem.

Emerging Research Efficacy Through Scaffolded Research Practice: An EFL Preservice Teacher Autobiographical Narrative

EFL preservice teachers ’ research efficacy, as perceived competence to perform tasks in research, is crucial to their research engagement. This autobiographical narrative inquiry investigates the contribution of scaffolded research practice to a female EFL preservice teacher ’s research efficacy.The data were collected through conversations, notes, journals, and portfolios. The findings suggest that teacher research efficacy was pliable through scaffolded research practice. It emerged gradually over time, in different places with social and personal interaction. The factors contributing to the emerging research efficacy were: teacher educators ’ support, peers ’ support,and research participation. The study sheds light on teacher educators and EFL preservice teachers,with the intention of establishing an inquiry-based pedagogy for M.Ed. programs.

The ethics of exercise in eating disorders:Can an ethical principles approach guide the next generation of research and clinical practice?

1.Introduction Eating disorders(ED)are the most common psychiatric disorders afflicting young women^1 and contribute to great detriments in psychological,social,and physical health.^(2,3)Unfortunately,ED treatments tend to be long lasting,intensive,and expensive.~4Additionally,individuals with ED seeking treatment use healthcare services more frequently than non-ED individu-

RESEARCH & PRACTICE OF WATER-SAVING AGRICULTURE

China is one of the world’s major agricultural countries. About 80% of its annual water consumption is used for fanning undertakings. On the other hand, China is a country deficient in water resources and in particular, the water shortage is embarrassingly serious in the north. So the current development of water-saving agriculture (WSA) is a way of easing the strain between the supply and demand of water. This article expounds the WSA’s status in the development of the national economy, its research and implementation, and suggests an institutional system of WSA to be established in this country.

Research Status,Practical Dilemmas,and Optimization Strategies of Blended Teaching in Universities

Blended teaching has emerged as a prominent subject in the recent reform and innovation of higher education.It has become imperative and guiding for colleges and universities to embrace a mixed teaching approach that aligns with the evolving needs of education and teaching in the new era.This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the research status surrounding blended teaching,encompassing fundamental issues,teaching design,practical guidance,teaching effectiveness,and evaluation.By critically examining the current challenges associated with blended teaching,this study proposes optimization strategies including enhancing student participation and interaction,promoting deep learning,improving teachers’preparedness,teaching technologies,and curriculum design capabilities,strengthening top-level design,and perfecting evaluation and incentive mechanisms.These strategies provide new directions for the reform of blended teaching.

Nurses’ and midwives’ participation and utilization of health-related research in Kenya: Implications for evidence-based practice

Objective To assess the level of participation of nurses and midwives in health-related research,determine the status of utilization of research to inform nursing and midwifery practice in Kenya,and explore perspectives of nurses and midwives about strategies to empower nurses/midwives to engage in health research in Kenya.Methods Data were extracted from online survey responses of 156 nurse and midwife educators,practitioners,and managers/administrators.SPSS version 26 was used to analyze quantitative data;qualitative data were analyzed using Excel to organize data into categories.Results Over one-third of participants reported ever publishing research(37.2%,58/156).Participants reported using knowledge gained in nursing school to guide practice most frequently(n=148).Utilization of research findings to guide practice was reported by 80.3%(110/137)of participants.Strategies to enhance participation in the research included research training,research forums,policy reforms,and emphasis on research in curricula.Conclusions There is need to intensify and prioritize proposed strategies to empower nurses/midwives to engage in health research.

Japanese Community Pharmacists’ Practice Research Literacy

Objectives: Lack of basic practice research literacy could be considered a barrier to conducting or participating in practice research. Therefore, we examined pharmacy practice research literacy in Japanese community pharmacists. Methods: Community pharmacists (n = 478) who delivered presentations at three major pharmacy-related conferences in 2012 and 2013 completed the survey. We selected 10 key terms related to practice research and asked participants whether they knew the meaning of. Questionnaires were sent to and returned by pharmacists via mail. Results: Of the 478 pharmacists who received questionnaires, 230 (47.9%) completed the survey. The response rates indicating that participants were familiar with the 10 key terms were approximately 50% or lower. The highest response rate was 67.0% for “bias”, and the lowest was 17.0% for “PICO/PECO: Patient-Intervention-Comparison-Outcome/Patient-Exposure-Comparison-Outcome”. Younger pharmacists tended to know several key terms, such as “p values”, “bias”, and “outcome”. Conclusion: Japanese community pharmacists were not knowledgeable with respect to conducting and participating in pharmacy practice research. Practice research knowledge was superior in younger pharmacists. Education in pharmacy schools and continuing professional development programs is important for community pharmacists’ practice research development.

Japanese Community Pharmacists’ Barriers to Conducting or Participating in Practice Research

Objectives: This study identified barriers to Japanese community pharmacists’ active conduct or participation in practice research. Methods: Community pharmacists (n = 478) who gave presentations at three major pharmacy-related conferences in 2012 and 2013 were questioned about their difficulties of giving presentations, support for better presentations, and barriers to conducting pharmacy practice research in their practical setting. A questionnaire was mailed to and returned by the pharmacists directly. Results: We obtained 230 responses (47.9%). Presentation difficulties included pharmacists’ time constraints and lack of experience organizing the report’s results or discussion. Many thought statistical analysis support was necessary. The barriers were in sufficient time, community pharmacies’ lack of research supervisors, and other community pharmacists’ lack of understanding practice research’s importance. These were comparable to pharmacists’ barriers in other countries, except for money and funds. Conclusions: Japanese community pharmacists should clarify that practice research in their professional roles improves patients’ outcomes. Barriers were similar to pharmacists in other countries. Publication of pharmacists’ practice research results is important to expand their roles. Collaboration between faculties and pharmacists is a challenge for practice research development in the Japanese community setting.

Changes in Nurses'Ethical Practices in Organ Transplant Nursing Using Action Research

The purpose of this study is to investigate how participation in action research will change nursing activities in dealing with ethical issues experienced in daily nursing settings of organ transplantation. The action research here is comprised of four types of sessions: clarification of wishes (1st session), meetings to talk about matters experienced, study meetings, and reflections (final session). In the first and final sessions, group interviews about ethical practices were conducted. Recorded data from the interviews and 4th meeting to talk about experiences were analyzed using WordMiner1.5. Participants had the individual need, “wish to improve understanding of ethics in their own skills to promote ethical practices and ethical interests”. Then, they became aware of “ethical practice in placing importance on the relationship with patients/their families and ethics attitudes as nurses”. This awareness was connected to “sharing ideas and information with medical staff, awareness of and action suitable for ethics issues, and increased interest in ethics issues”. Like this, the awareness of ethical practices has expanded from individuals to the relationship with patients/their families and sharing ideas with medical staff, and this has developed into self-development. The findings suggest the importance of an organizational culture that addresses ethics to improve practical ethics skills. The findings also suggest that it would be necessary for an organization to take long-term actions to addresses ethical issues in wards or hospitals.

Teaching Reform and Practice of Software Engineering Graduate Students by Implanting Scientific Research Literacy into Classroom Teaching Content

How to cultivate and improve graduate students’innovation and practical abilities in software engineering through the curriculum and teaching mode reform is an important issue.In this paper,a research literacy-driven teaching mode is proposed.It assists in the reform of the curriculum system.Then,a curriculum system construction framework is proposed,which involves the integration of research literacy into classroom teaching content.It assists in the cultivation of research abilities of graduate students in software engineering.The effectiveness of the curriculum reform is demonstrated through questionnaire surveys and research outcomes of the project team.The results show that the methods explored in this paper can serve as valuable references for future course design and teaching practice in computer-related courses for graduates.

Tentative study on university English language teaching ＆ research practice in China

The present paper introduces the author＇s university English language teaching and research practice with ample examples, explanations and creative methodologies and concludes that university English language teaching and research should go hand in hand with each other to achieve harmonious effect.

Exploratory Practice as a Practitioner Research on LanguageLearning and Teaching

The philosophy of Exploratory Practice is that language classroom learning and teaching practice is a social practice;hence practitioner research on it should pay attention to this socialness rather than only concern the cognitive aspect so that an understanding of quality of classroom life can be achieved before it can possibly lead to the improvement of the practice.The paper introduces the theory of Exploratory Practice in terms of its content spirit,key terms,relationship with other practitioner researches and methodological nature,aiming to help practitioners and classroom-based researchers to understand it.

Study on good clinical practices among researchers in a tertiary healthcare institute in India

BACKGROUND Good clinical practice(GCP)is put in place to protect human participants in clinical trials as well as to ensure the quality of research.Non-adherence to these guidelines can produce research that may not meet the standards set by the scientific community.Therefore,it must be ensured that researchers are wellversed in the GCP.But not much is known about the knowledge and practices of the GCP in the medical colleges of North India.AIM To assess the knowledge and practices of researchers about GCP and analyze these with respect to the demographics of participants.METHODS This is a cross-sectional study.A self-structured questionnaire about GCP,after expert validations,was circulated among researchers,at a tertiary healthcare institute,All India Institute of Medical Sciences(AIIMS),Rishikesh.A total of 59 individuals,who were selected by universal sampling,participated in the study.All healthcare workers who have been investigators of Institutional Ethics Committee-approved research projects,except residents and faculty,and are still a part of the institute have been included in the study.The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of AIIMS,Rishikesh.We used descriptive analysis and the Chi-squared test to analyze data.P value<0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS Out of 59 participants,only 11(18.6%)were certified for GCP.Most of the participants(64.4%)had“Average”knowledge,33.9%had“Good”knowledge and 1.7%had“Poor”knowledge.Only 49%of participants had satisfactory practices related to GCP.There was a significant difference in the knowledge based on the current academic position for the items assessing knowledge of institutional review board(P=0.010),confidentiality&privacy(P=0.011),and participant safety&adverse events(P<0.001).There was also a significant difference in knowledge of research misconduct(P=0.024)and participant safety&adverse events(P=0.011)based on certification of GCP.There was a notable difference in the practices related to recruitment&retention on the basis of current academic position(P<0.001)and certification of GCP(P=0.023).We also observed a considerable difference between the knowledge and practices of GCP among the participants(P=0.013).CONCLUSION Participants have basic knowledge of GCP but show a lack thereof in certain domains of GCP.This can be addressed by holding training sessions focusing on these particular domains.

Academic Nursing Center Primary Care Quality Improvement Using an Electronic Health Record and a Practice-Based Research Network

Practice-based research networks (PBRN) seek to improve healthcare through the use of research, quality improvement, and collaborative learning. When used by nontraditional models of care such as the nurse managed healthcare center (NMHC), PBRNs can be incorporated into successful quality improvement (QI) programs. UT Health Services is a NMHC utilizing a PBRN as one component of a comprehensive QI program in an effort to deliver high quality healthcare.

Research and Practice of Enterprise Management Mode in College Classes

In recent years, along with the development of education reform, the educational concepts have been updated continuously and the new educational theory is perfecting step by step. The students that the teachers contact now are new-style students of great personalities and thoughts. The old nanny-style head teacher isn't suitable in modern time anymore. Only constant learning, constant innovation and constant surpassing yourself can make the successors adapt to the modern society. As an organizer and director of the class, how does the head teacher implement the enterprise management mode in the class management as the quality educational theory updating continuously? This subject is based on the widely proposed "class management under enterprise mode" to rethink the new class management methods under the new situation through the research and practice in one's own class and provide a new effective and feasible mode for the class management in the future.

Research and Practice of theoretical framework of College Basketball sports education curriculum system

Education is the combination of basketball education and basketball activity. It is a kind of activity that basketball is as the core form, it is in order to enhance the skills of participants, technology, physical fitness, and promote a comprehensive development of their physical and mental activity, meanwhile basketball is not only a comprehensive gaming activity, but also an integral part of modern competitive sports, in some way, basketball culture is belonging to a particular social and cultural patterns. The quality of the basketball culture can cultivate people＇ s sentiments in the teaching process, and develop human wisdom, so that people grasp different spatial abilities and skills with the laws and govern the movement of the body under the time, the paper analyzes Practice mode theoretical framework of the construction of the basketball sports college education curriculum system.