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The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)on the SMILE Mission 被引量:4
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作者 S.Sembay A.L.Alme +83 位作者 D.Agnolon T.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado Margeli C.Bicknell C.Bouldin G.Branduardi-Raymont T.Crawford J.P.Breuer T.Buggey G.Butcher R.Canchal J.A.Carter A.Cheney Y.Collado-Vega H.Connor T.Crawford N.Eaton C.Feldman C.Forsyth T.Frantzen G.Galgóczi J.Garcia G.Y.Genov C.Gordillo H-P.Gröbelbauer M.Guedel Y.Guo M.Hailey D.Hall R.Hampson J.Hasiba O.Hetherington A.Holland S-Y.Hsieh M.W.J.Hubbard H.Jeszenszky M.Jones T.Kennedy K.Koch-Mehrin S.Kögl S.Krucker K.D.Kuntz C.Lakin G.Laky O.Lylund A.Martindale J.Miguel Mas Hesse R.Nakamura K.Oksavik N.Østgaard H.Ottacher R.Ottensamer C.Pagani S.Parsons P.Patel J.Pearson G.Peikert F.S.Porter T.Pouliantis B.H.Qureshi W.Raab G.Randal A.M.Read N.M.M.Roque M.E.Rostad C.Runciman S.Sachdev A.Samsonov M.Soman D.Sibeck S.Smit J.Søndergaard R.Speight S.Stavland M.Steller TianRan Sun J.Thornhill W.Thomas K.Ullaland B.Walsh D.Walton C.Wang S.Yang 《Earth and Planetary Physics》 EI CSCD 2024年第1期5-14,共10页
The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission.SMILE is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the Chinese... The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission.SMILE is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and is due for launch in 2025.SXI is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the SMILE orbit.SXI is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the Solar Wind Charge eXchange(SWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s exosphere.SWCX provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field lines.The sensitivity of the SXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of SMILE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many hours.SXI is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,Europe,China and the United States. 展开更多
关键词 soft x-ray Imaging micropore optics large area CCD
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Two methods for separating the magnetospheric solar wind charge exchange soft X-ray emission from the diffuse X-ray background 被引量:2
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作者 YingJie Zhang TianRan Sun +5 位作者 JenniferACarter WenHao Liu Steve Sembay ShuiNai Zhang Li Ji Chi Wang 《Earth and Planetary Physics》 EI CSCD 2024年第1期119-132,共14页
Solar wind charge exchange(SWCX)is the process of solar wind high-valence ions exchanging charges with neutral components and generating soft X-rays.Recently,detecting the SWCX emission from the magnetosphere is propo... Solar wind charge exchange(SWCX)is the process of solar wind high-valence ions exchanging charges with neutral components and generating soft X-rays.Recently,detecting the SWCX emission from the magnetosphere is proposed as a new technique to study the magnetosphere using panoramic soft X-ray imaging.To better prepare for the data analysis of upcoming magnetospheric soft X-ray imaging missions,this paper compares the magnetospheric SWCX emission obtained by two methods in an XMM-Newton observation,during which the solar wind changed dramatically.The two methods differ in the data used to fit the diffuse X-ray background(DXB)parameters in spectral analysis.The method adding data from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey(RASS)is called the RASS method.The method using the quiet observation data is called the Quiet method,where quiet observations usually refer to observations made by the same satellite with the same target but under weaker solar wind conditions.Results show that the spectral compositions of magnetospheric SWCX emission obtained by the two methods are very similar,and the changes in intensity over time are highly consistent,although the intensity obtained by the RASS method is about 2.68±0.56 keV cm^(-2)s^(-1)sr^(-1)higher than that obtained by the Quiet method.Since the DXB intensity obtained by the RASS method is about 2.84±0.74 keV cm^(-2)s^(-1)sr^(-1)lower than that obtained by the Quiet method,and the linear correlation coefficient between the difference of SWCX and DXB obtained by the two methods in diffe rent energy band is close to-1,the diffe rences in magnetospheric SWCX can be fully attributed to the diffe rences in the fitted DXB.The difference between the two methods is most significant when the energy is less than 0.7 keV,which is also the main energy band of SWCX emission.In addition,the difference between the two methods is not related to the SWCX intensity and,to some extent,to solar wind conditions,because SWCX intensity typically va ries with the solar wind.In summary,both methods are robust and reliable,and should be considered based on the best available options. 展开更多
关键词 solar wind charge exchange(SWCX) ROSAT All-Sky Survey(RASS) soft x-ray x-ray imaging MAGNETOSPHERE
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Hybrid-Vlasov simulation of soft X-ray emissions at the Earth’s dayside magnetospheric boundaries 被引量:2
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作者 M.Grandin H.K.Connor +5 位作者 S.Hoilijoki M.Battarbee Y.Pfau-Kempf U.Ganse K.Papadakis M.Palmroth 《Earth and Planetary Physics》 EI CSCD 2024年第1期70-88,共19页
Solar wind charge exchange produces emissions in the soft X-ray energy range which can enable the study of near-Earth space regions such as the magnetopause,the magnetosheath and the polar cusps by remote sensing tech... Solar wind charge exchange produces emissions in the soft X-ray energy range which can enable the study of near-Earth space regions such as the magnetopause,the magnetosheath and the polar cusps by remote sensing techniques.The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)and Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)missions aim to obtain soft Xray images of near-Earth space thanks to their Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)instruments.While earlier modeling works have already simulated soft X-ray images as might be obtained by SMILE SXI during its mission,the numerical models used so far are all based on the magnetohydrodynamics description of the space plasma.To investigate the possible signatures of ion-kinetic-scale processes in soft Xray images,we use for the first time a global hybrid-Vlasov simulation of the geospace from the Vlasiator model.The simulation is driven by fast and tenuous solar wind conditions and purely southward interplanetary magnetic field.We first produce global X-ray images of the dayside near-Earth space by placing a virtual imaging satellite at two different locations,providing meridional and equatorial views.We then analyze regional features present in the images and show that they correspond to signatures in soft X-ray emissions of mirrormode wave structures in the magnetosheath and flux transfer events(FTEs)at the magnetopause.Our results suggest that,although the time scales associated with the motion of those transient phenomena will likely be significantly smaller than the integration time of the SMILE and LEXI imagers,mirror-mode structures and FTEs can cumulatively produce detectable signatures in the soft X-ray images.For instance,a local increase by 30%in the proton density at the dayside magnetopause resulting from the transit of multiple FTEs leads to a 12%enhancement in the line-of-sight-and time-integrated soft X-ray emissivity originating from this region.Likewise,a proton density increase by 14%in the magnetosheath associated with mirror-mode structures can result in an enhancement in the soft X-ray signal by 4%.These are likely conservative estimates,given that the solar wind conditions used in the Vlasiator run can be expected to generate weaker soft X-ray emissions than the more common denser solar wind.These results will contribute to the preparatory work for the SMILE and LEXI missions by providing the community with quantitative estimates of the effects of small-scale,transient phenomena occurring on the dayside. 展开更多
关键词 MAGNETOSPHERE MAGNETOSHEATH numerical simulation SMILE LEXI soft x-ray emissions hybrid-Vlasov model polar cusp flux transfer events mirror-mode waves
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Estimating the subsolar magnetopause position from soft X-ray images using a low-pass image filter 被引量:1
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作者 Hyangpyo Kim Hyunju K.Connor +9 位作者 Jaewoong Jung Brian M.Walsh David Sibeck Kip D.Kuntz Frederick S.Porter Catriana K.Paw U Rousseau A.Nutter Ramiz Qudsi Rumi Nakamura Michael Collier 《Earth and Planetary Physics》 EI CSCD 2024年第1期173-183,共11页
The Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)and Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)missions will image the Earth’s dayside magneto pause and cusps in soft X-rays after their respective l... The Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)and Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)missions will image the Earth’s dayside magneto pause and cusps in soft X-rays after their respective launches in the near future,to specify glo bal magnetic reconnection modes for varying solar wind conditions.To suppo rt the success of these scientific missions,it is critical to develop techniques that extract the magnetopause locations from the observed soft X-ray images.In this research,we introduce a new geometric equation that calculates the subsolar magnetopause position(RS)from a satellite position,the look direction of the instrument,and the angle at which the X-ray emission is maximized.Two assumptions are used in this method:(1)The look direction where soft X-ray emissions are maximized lies tangent to the magnetopause,and(2)the magnetopause surface near the subsolar point is almost spherical and thus RSis nea rly equal to the radius of the magneto pause curvature.We create synthetic soft X-ray images by using the Open Geospace General Circulation Model(OpenGGCM)global magnetohydrodynamic model,the galactic background,the instrument point spread function,and Poisson noise.We then apply the fast Fourier transform and Gaussian low-pass filte rs to the synthetic images to re move noise and obtain accurate look angles for the soft X-ray pea ks.From the filte red images,we calculate RS and its accuracy for different LEXI locations,look directions,and solar wind densities by using the OpenGGCM subsolar magnetopause location as ground truth.Our method estimates RS with an accuracy of<0.3 RE when the solar wind density exceeds>10 cm-3.The accuracy improves for greater solar wind densities and during southward interplanetary magnetic fields.The method ca ptures the magnetopause motion during southwa rd interplaneta ry magnetic field turnings.Consequently,the technique will enable quantitative analysis of the magnetopause motion and help reveal the dayside reconnection modes for dynamic solar wind conditions.This technique will suppo rt the LEXI and SMILE missions in achieving their scientific o bjectives. 展开更多
关键词 soft x-ray MAGNETOPAUSE RECONNECTION low-pass filter LEXI SMILE
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SMILE soft X-ray Imager flight model CCD370 pre-flight device characterisation 被引量:1
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作者 S.Parsons D.J.Hall +4 位作者 O.Hetherington T.W.Buggey T.Arnold M.W.J.Hubbard A.Holland 《Earth and Planetary Physics》 EI CSCD 2024年第1期25-38,共14页
Throughout the SMILE mission the satellite will be bombarded by radiation which gradually damages the focal plane devices and degrades their performance.In order to understand the changes of the CCD370s within the sof... Throughout the SMILE mission the satellite will be bombarded by radiation which gradually damages the focal plane devices and degrades their performance.In order to understand the changes of the CCD370s within the soft X-ray Imager,an initial characterisation of the devices has been carried out to give a baseline performance level.Three CCDs have been characterised,the two flight devices and the flight spa re.This has been carried out at the Open University in a bespo ke cleanroom measure ment facility.The results show that there is a cluster of bright pixels in the flight spa re which increases in size with tempe rature.However at the nominal ope rating tempe rature(-120℃) it is within the procure ment specifications.Overall,the devices meet the specifications when ope rating at -120℃ in 6 × 6 binned frame transfer science mode.The se rial charge transfer inefficiency degrades with temperature in full frame mode.However any charge losses are recovered when binning/frame transfer is implemented. 展开更多
关键词 CCD soft x-ray imager characterisation SMILE
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Finding the magnetopause location using soft X-ray observations and a statistical inverse method 被引量:1
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作者 Gonzalo Cucho-Padin Hyunju Connor +2 位作者 Jaewoong Jung Brian Walsh David G.Sibeck 《Earth and Planetary Physics》 EI CSCD 2024年第1期184-203,共20页
Variability in the location and shape of the dayside magnetopause is attributed to magnetic reconnection,a fundamental process that enables the transfer of mass,energy,and momentum from the solar wind into the magneto... Variability in the location and shape of the dayside magnetopause is attributed to magnetic reconnection,a fundamental process that enables the transfer of mass,energy,and momentum from the solar wind into the magnetosphere.The spatial and temporal properties of the magnetopause,under varying solar and magnetospheric conditions,remain largely unknown because empirical studies using in-situ observations are challenging to interpret.Global wide field-of-view(FOV)imaging is the only means to simultaneously observe the spatial distribution of the plasma properties over the vast dayside magnetospheric region and,subsequently,quantify the energy transport from the interplanetary medium into the terrestrial magnetosphere.Two upcoming missions,ESA/CAS SMILE and NASA’s LEXI will provide wide-field imagery of the dayside magnetosheath in soft X-rays,an emission generated by charge exchange interactions between high charge-state heavy ions of solar wind origin and exospheric neutral atoms.High-cadence two-dimensional observations of the magnetosheath will allow the estimation of dynamic properties of its inner boundary,the magnetopause,and enable studies of its response to changes in the solar wind dynamic pressure and interplanetary magnetic field orientation.This work introduces a statistically-based estimation approach based on inverse theory to estimate the spatial distribution of magnetosheath soft X-ray emissivities and,with this,identify the location of the magnetopause over the Sun−Earth line.To do so,we simulate the magnetosheath structure using the MHD-based OpenGGCM model and generate synthetic soft X-ray images using LEXI’s orbit and attitude information.Our results show that 3-D estimations using the described statistically-based technique are robust against Poisson-distributed shot noise inherent to soft X-ray images.Also,our proposed methodology shows that the accuracy of both three-dimensional(3-D)estimation and the magnetopause standoff distance calculation highly depends on the observational point. 展开更多
关键词 MAGNETOPAUSE soft x-ray TOMOGRAPHY
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Simulation of the SMILE Soft X-ray Imager response to a southward interplanetary magnetic field turning 被引量:1
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作者 Andrey Samsonov Graziella Branduardi-Raymont +3 位作者 Steven Sembay Andrew Read David Sibeck Lutz Rastaetter 《Earth and Planetary Physics》 EI CSCD 2024年第1期39-46,共8页
The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)will shine a spotlight on magnetopause dynamics during magnetic reconnection.We simulate an event with a southward interplanetary magne... The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)will shine a spotlight on magnetopause dynamics during magnetic reconnection.We simulate an event with a southward interplanetary magnetic field turning and produce SXI count maps with a 5-minute integration time.By making assumptions about the magnetopause shape,we find the magnetopause standoff distance from the count maps and compare it with the one obtained directly from the magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)simulation.The root mean square deviations between the reconstructed and MHD standoff distances do not exceed 0.2 RE(Earth radius)and the maximal difference equals 0.24 RE during the 25-minute interval around the southward turning. 展开更多
关键词 MAGNETOPAUSE magnetic reconnection solar wind charge exchange southward interplanetary magnetic field numerical modeling Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE) soft x-ray Imager
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Present Status of EUV Interferometer Development at the Research Center for Soft X-ray Microscopy
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作者 Masaki Yamamoto, Tadashi Hatano, Minaji Furudate (Research Center for Soft X-ray Microscopy, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Japan) 《光学精密工程》 EI CAS CSCD 2001年第5期405-410,共6页
A new interferometer for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation with a laser produced plasma (LPP) laboratory source is under construction. The LPP source is operated with a Sn solid rod target on which pulsed YAG laser ... A new interferometer for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation with a laser produced plasma (LPP) laboratory source is under construction. The LPP source is operated with a Sn solid rod target on which pulsed YAG laser is focused to produce high temperature plasma emitting EUV radiation. The source is equipped with a newly designed debris stopper protecting a condenser multilayer mirror from the particle debris of the target. The condenser mirror focuses the light onto an EUV beam-splitter to form transmitted and reflected paths for producing interference fringes of a sharing type. The optical configuration is of a common path based on a triangular path type with a focusing at the beam-splitter, which is enabled to produce fringes by a low coherence radiation with a standard optical quality beam-splitter. The fringes are recorded by an imaging plate with pixels as small as 25μm. The dynamic range of linearity in detection of the EUV light was found to be more than 10 4 with sensitivity of 10 4 photons/pixel, enough for the purpose of interferogram recording, possibly with one laser shot. 展开更多
关键词 soft x-ray INTERFEROMETERS MULTILAYER mirrors FIGURE error imaging optics
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Performance of the merged APPLE-Knot undulator for soft x-ray beamline in medium energy ring
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作者 成锐 张发远 +1 位作者 查鹤鸣 乔山 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第11期240-246,共7页
APPLE-Knot undulator can effectively solve the on-axis heat load problem and is proven to perform well in VUV beamline and soft x-ray beamline in high energy storage ring. However, for soft x-ray beamline in a medium ... APPLE-Knot undulator can effectively solve the on-axis heat load problem and is proven to perform well in VUV beamline and soft x-ray beamline in high energy storage ring. However, for soft x-ray beamline in a medium energy ring,whether the APPLE-Knot undulator excels the APPLE undulator is still a question. Here, a merged APPLE-Knot undulator is studied to generate soft x-ray in a medium energy ring. Its advantages and problems are discussed. Though the on-axis heat load of the APPLE-Knot undulator is lower in linear polarization modes compared to the APPLE undulator, its flux is lower. The APPLE-Knot undulator shows no advantage when only fundamental harmonic is needed. However, in circular polarization mode, the APPLE-Knot undulator shows the ability to cover a broader energy range which can remedy the notable shortcoming of the APPLE undulator. 展开更多
关键词 synchrotron radiation APPLE-Knot undulator soft x-ray
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Effect of laser focus in two-color synthesized waveform on generation of soft x-ray high harmonics
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作者 陈炎波 李保昌 +3 位作者 李胥红 唐翔宇 张弛 金成 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第1期319-326,共8页
Synthesis of multi-color laser pulses has been developed as a promising way to improve low conversion efficiency of high-order harmonic generation(HHG). Here we systematically study the effect of laser focus in a two-... Synthesis of multi-color laser pulses has been developed as a promising way to improve low conversion efficiency of high-order harmonic generation(HHG). Here we systematically study the effect of laser focus in a two-color waveform on generation of macroscopic HHG in soft x-rays. We find that the dependence of HHG yields on laser focus at low or high gas pressure is sensitive to the characteristics of single-atom harmonic response, in which “short”-or “long”-trajectory emissions can be selectively controlled by changing the waveform of two-color synthesized laser pulse. We uncover the phase-matching mechanism of HHG in the gas medium by examining the propagation of the two-color waveform and the evolution of time-frequency emissions of high-harmonic field. We further reveal that the nonlinear effects, such as geometric phase, atomic dispersion, and plasma defocusing, are responsible for modification of two-color waveform upon propagation. This work can be used to find better macroscopic conditions for generating soft x-ray HHG by employing two-color optimized waveforms. 展开更多
关键词 high-order harmonic generation two-color waveform soft x-rays macroscopic propagation laser focus
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Latest advances in soft X-ray spectromicroscopy at SSRF 被引量:5
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作者 张立娟 许子健 +10 位作者 张祥志 于怀娜 邹鹰 郭智 甄香君 曹杰峰 孟祥雨 李俊琴 陈振华 王勇 邰仁忠 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第4期1-11,共11页
The BL08U1 A beamline is established as a sophisticated platform at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF), taking advantage of its high spatial resolution(< 30 nm) and high energy resolving power(>10 000... The BL08U1 A beamline is established as a sophisticated platform at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF), taking advantage of its high spatial resolution(< 30 nm) and high energy resolving power(>10 000),for studying properties of solid, liquid, gas, film and other forms of materials at sub-micron scale. In this paper,we present a review on newly implemented techniques, such as total electron yield(TEY), dual energy contrast imaging, nano-CT, soft X-ray excited optical luminance(SXEOL), and coherent diffraction imaging(CDI)under development. Several research cases in nanomaterials, environmental science and biology are presented to demonstrate capabilities of the beamline. 展开更多
关键词 软X射线 上海同步辐射装置 测试 谱学 高能量分辨率 高空间分辨率 纳米材料 衍射成像
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Internal Structure of Cambrian Fossil Embryo Markuelia Revealed in the Light of Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Tomographic Microscopy 被引量:5
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作者 CHENG Gong PENG Fan +1 位作者 DUAN Baichuan DONG Xiping 《Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第1期81-90,共10页
In the light of Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Tomographic Microscopy (SRXTM), the internal structure of Markuelia hunanensis is revealed. In one example, vitrification and peeling show the annuli hidden under the chor... In the light of Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Tomographic Microscopy (SRXTM), the internal structure of Markuelia hunanensis is revealed. In one example, vitrification and peeling show the annuli hidden under the chorion. Sectioning and 3-D reconstruction display an intact digestive tract from the inverted introvert to the terminal anus. The inverted introvert forms a rugby cavum. The following digestive tract is rope-like coiling, parallel to the body axis, about 650 μm in length, and uniform in diameter (-80 μm). An exquisitely preserved pipe-like structure is hidden in the middle of the rope-like structure, diameter 20--40 lam, with a length of -120 μm. We interpret this pipe-like structure as the possible epidermis of the gut and its surroundings as the possible residue of musculature, similar to that in Priapulans. The two symmetrical rod-shape structures connecting the body wall and digestive tract are interpreted as the possible retractor muscles. After comparing the well preserved Left-form and Right-form Body of Markuelia, we suggest that they may represent a dimorphism. Counted directly, one sample of Markuelia hunanensis possesses 62 annulations and the other 68. 展开更多
关键词 Markuelia Synchrotron Radiation x-ray Tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) dimorphism
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Penetrating view of nano-structures in Aleochara verna spermatheca and flagellum by hard X-ray microscopy 被引量:2
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作者 张凯 李德娥 +6 位作者 洪友丽 朱佩平 袁清习 黄万霞 高昆 周红章 吴自玉 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2013年第7期410-414,共5页
A penetrating view of the three-dimensional nanostructure of female spermatheca and male flagellum in the species Aleochara verna is obtained with 100-nm resolution using a hard X-ray microscope, which provides a fast... A penetrating view of the three-dimensional nanostructure of female spermatheca and male flagellum in the species Aleochara verna is obtained with 100-nm resolution using a hard X-ray microscope, which provides a fast noninvasive imaging technology for insect morphology. Through introducing Zernike phase contrast and heavy metal staining, images taken at 8 keV displayed sufficient contrast for observing nanoscale fine structures, such as the spermatheca cochleate duct and the subapex of the flagellum, which have some implications for the study of the sperm transfer process and genital evolution in insects. This work shows that both the spatial resolution and the contrast characteristic of hard X-ray microscopy are quite promising for insect morphology studies and, particularly, provide an attractive alternative to the destructive techniques used for investigating internal soft tissues. 展开更多
关键词 x-ray microscopy computed tomography synchrotron radiation source morphology
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Analysis of the injection layer of PTCDA in OLEDs using x-ray photoemission spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy 被引量:2
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作者 欧谷平 宋珍 +2 位作者 吴有余 陈小强 张福甲 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2006年第6期1296-1300,共5页
Through the investigation of the sample surface and interface of 3, 4, 9, 10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA)/indium-tin-oxide (ITO) thin films using atomic force microscopy, it has been found that the ... Through the investigation of the sample surface and interface of 3, 4, 9, 10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA)/indium-tin-oxide (ITO) thin films using atomic force microscopy, it has been found that the surface is complanate, the growth is uniform and the defects cover basically the surface of ITO. Furthermore, the number of pinholes is small. The analysis of the sample surface and interface further verifies this result by using x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. At the same time, PTCDA is found to have the ability of restraining the diffusion of chemical constituents from ITO to the hole transport layer, which is beneficial to the improvement of the performance and the useful lifetime of the organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). 展开更多
关键词 atomic force microscopy x-ray photoemission spectroscopy PTCDA/ITO
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Transition-metal redox evolution and its effect on thermal stability of LiNixCoyMnzO_(2) based on synchrotron soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy 被引量:2
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作者 Chen Liang Wenhua Zhang +3 位作者 Zesen Wei Zhaoyu Wang Qingsong Wang Jinhua Sun 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第8期446-454,I0010,共10页
Based on the synchrotron soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments,the fundamental electronic structures of layered Li NixCoyMnzO_(2)(NCM)are investigated systematically and the data of transitionmetal(TM)L-and O... Based on the synchrotron soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments,the fundamental electronic structures of layered Li NixCoyMnzO_(2)(NCM)are investigated systematically and the data of transitionmetal(TM)L-and O K-edges spectra are collected.Distribution of Ni ions under different oxidation states is evaluated according to linear combination fit.It is found that the ratio of Ni^(4+)expands with the increase of Ni since it dominates in charge compensation during charging,and that the existence of Ni^(3+)is nearly negligible in delithiated NCM.The valence state of Co also strongly depends on Ni content,the perceptible position shift of Co L_(3)-edge absorption peak towards higher energy in Ni-rich material agrees well with the small voltage plateau at around 4.2 V.The stability of Mn is verified as no obvious spectral change with the Mn L-edge is observed.Moreover,as Ni content rises,the O 2p holes near the Femi level increases with higher oxidation state of Ni,indicating the enhanced hybridization of O 2p-TM 3 d.Delithiated NCMs with higher Ni content are prior to lose electron existing in highly hybridized Ni3 dO 2 p bands upon heating,which accounts for the pronounced O_(2)release in phase transitions and the deterioration in thermal stability.These detailed observation of the electronic structure evolution is one of the key ingredients to improving the electrochemical and thermal performance of NCM. 展开更多
关键词 Lithium ion battery safety Cathode material soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy Thermal stability
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Measurement of conversion efficiency of soft X-ray from 0.35μm laser-irradiated aluminum planar targets 被引量:1
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作者 任树喜 马洪良 +1 位作者 易荣清 刘慎业 《Journal of Shanghai University(English Edition)》 CAS 2006年第3期224-227,共4页
Conversion efficiency of soft X-ray from 0.35μm pulse laser-irradiated aluminium planar target at laser intensities 10^13- 10^15 W/cm^2 on the Xingguang-Ⅱ facility (laser energy 5 - 90 J, focal spot - Φ 200μm ful... Conversion efficiency of soft X-ray from 0.35μm pulse laser-irradiated aluminium planar target at laser intensities 10^13- 10^15 W/cm^2 on the Xingguang-Ⅱ facility (laser energy 5 - 90 J, focal spot - Φ 200μm full width of half maximun (FWHM) 400 - 800 ps) was measured. A simple model was given to explain soft X-ray conversion efficiency. In this model, because of the heat conduction from the laser-heated spot, the conversion was very small at lower irradiance limit, while at higher limit it was bounded by the energy lost in blow off plasma. Consequently, at the laser intensity around 2×10^14 W/cm^2 , the X-ray conversion efficiency reaches a maximum. 展开更多
关键词 soft x-ray conversion efficiency heat conduction.
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Fabrication of a 256-bits organic memory by soft x-ray lithography 被引量:1
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作者 刘兴华 鲁闻生 +4 位作者 姬濯宇 涂德钰 朱效立 谢常青 刘明 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2010年第5期499-504,共6页
This paper reports a procedure of soft x-ray lithography for the fabrication of an organic crossbar structure. Electron beam lithography is employed to fabricate the mask for soft x-ray lithography, with direct writin... This paper reports a procedure of soft x-ray lithography for the fabrication of an organic crossbar structure. Electron beam lithography is employed to fabricate the mask for soft x-ray lithography, with direct writing technology to the lithograph positive resist and polymethyl methacrylate on the polyimide film. Then Au is electroplated on the polyimide film. Hard contact mode exposure is used in x-ray lithography to transfer the graph from the mask to the wafer. The 256-bits organic memory is achieved with the critical dimension of 250 nm. 展开更多
关键词 molecular memory crossbar array soft x-ray lithography electron beam lithography
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Charge compensation and capacity fading in LiCoO2 at high voltage investigated by soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy 被引量:1
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作者 Xing-Hui Long Yan-Ru Wu +10 位作者 Nian Zhang Peng-Fei Yu Xue-Fei Feng Shun Zheng Jia-Min Fu Xiao-Song Liu Na Liu Meng Wang Lei-Min Xu Jin-Ming Chen Jenn-Min Lee 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2018年第10期590-597,共8页
In order to obtain an in-depth insight into the mechanism of charge compensation and capacity fading in LiCoO2, the evolution of electronic structure of LiCoO2 at different cutoff voltages and after different cycles a... In order to obtain an in-depth insight into the mechanism of charge compensation and capacity fading in LiCoO2, the evolution of electronic structure of LiCoO2 at different cutoff voltages and after different cycles are studied by soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy in total electron(TEY) and fluorescence(TFY) detection modes, which provide surface and bulk information, respectively. The spectra of Co L2,3-edge indicate that Co contributes to charge compensation below 4.4 V.Combining with the spectra of O K-edge, it manifests that only O contributes to electron compensation above 4.4 V with the formation of local O 2 p holes both on the surface and in the bulk, where the surficial O evolves more remarkably. The evolution of the O 2 p holes gives an explanation to the origin of O2^-or even O2. A comparison between the TEY and TFY of O K-edge spectra of LiCoO2 cycled in a range from 3 V to 4.6 V indicates both the structural change in the bulk and aggregation of lithium salts on the electrode surface are responsible for the capacity fading. However, the latter is found to play a more important role after many cycles. 展开更多
关键词 soft x-ray absorption LICOO2 charge compensation capacity degradation
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Study of sawtooth oscillations on the HT-7 tokamak using 2D tomography of soft x-ray signal 被引量:1
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作者 马天鹏 胡立群 +8 位作者 万宝年 阮怀林 高翔 甄香君 周立武 孙有文 陈忠勇 林士耀 孔伟 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2005年第10期2061-2067,共7页
It is the first time so far as we know that two arrays of multi-channel soft x-ray detectors are used to generate twodimensional (2D) images of sawtooth oscillation on the HT-7 tokamak using the Fourier-Bessel harmo... It is the first time so far as we know that two arrays of multi-channel soft x-ray detectors are used to generate twodimensional (2D) images of sawtooth oscillation on the HT-7 tokamak using the Fourier-Bessel harmonic reconstruction method, and using the singular value decomposition to analyse the data from soft x-ray cameras. By these two arrays, 2D image reconstruction of soft x-ray emissivity can be obtained without assumption of plasma rigid rotation. Tomographic reconstruction of the m=1 mode structure is obtained during the precursor oscillation of the sawtooth crash. The crescent-shaped mode structure appearing on the contour map of the soft x-ray emissivity is consistent with the quasiinterchange mode. The characteristics of the m=1/n=1 mode structure observed in the soft x-ray tomography are as follows: the magnetic surface is made up of the crescent-shaped “hot core” and the circular “cold bubble”. The structure of the magnetic surface rotates in the direction of the electron diamagnetic drift and the rotation frequency is the oscillation frequency of soft x-ray signals. 展开更多
关键词 soft x-ray tomography sawtooth oscillation singular value decomposition (SVD)
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A Perspective on Studying Electronic Structure of Batteries through Soft X-ray Spectroscopy 被引量:1
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作者 ZHUO Zeng-Qing PAN Feng YANG Wan-Li 《Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第12期2009-2014,共6页
Understanding electronic structure is crucial to enhance the battery performance. Soft X-ray spectroscopy(SXS) is one of the most effective methods to provide direct probe of electronic states. Here, spectroscopic mea... Understanding electronic structure is crucial to enhance the battery performance. Soft X-ray spectroscopy(SXS) is one of the most effective methods to provide direct probe of electronic states. Here, spectroscopic measurements of transition metal 3 d and oxygen 2 p states are simply reviewed. Then, we mainly focus on the perspective of the development direction of modern SXS techniques. Although the true power of recently developed high efficiency mapping of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering(m RIXS) has been apparent for materials and chemistry studies, great challenges remain for mRIXS spectroscopic interpretation, and the understanding of the battery materials on novel redox activities remains elusive. 展开更多
关键词 electronic structure soft x-ray spectroscopy oxygen redox O-K mRIXS
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