A study on distributive and modular lattice ordered fuzzy soft group and its duality

Soft set theory has a rich potential application in several fields. A soft group is a parameterized family of subgroups and a fuzzy soft group is a parameterized family of fuzzy subgroups. The concept of fuzzy soft group is the generalization of soft group. Abdulkadir Aygunoglu and Halis Aygun introduced the notion of fuzzy soft groups in 2009[1]. In this paper, the concept of lattice ordered fuzzy soft groups and its duality has been introduced. Then distributive and modular lattice ordered fuzzy soft groups are analysed. The objective of this paper is to study the lattice theory over the collection of fuzzy soft group in a parametric manner. Some pertinent properties have been analysed and hence established duality principle.

Higher order harmonics suppression in extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray

The extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray sources are widely used in various domains. Suppressing higher order harmonics and improving spectral purity are significant. This paper describes a novel method of higher order harmonics suppression with single order diffraction gratings in extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray. The principle of harmonic suppression with single order diffraction grating is described, and an extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray non-harmonics grating monochromator is designed based on the single order diffraction grating. The performance is simulated by an optical design software. The emergent beams of a monochromator with different gratings are measured by a transmission grating spectrometer. The results show that the single order diffraction grating can suppress higher order harmonics effectively, and it is expected to be widely used in synchrotron radiation, diagnostics of laser induced plasma, and astrophysics.

Single order soft X-ray diffraction with quasi-random radius pinhole array spectroscopic photon sieves

A novel single order diffraction grating in the soft X-ray region, called quasi-random radius pinhole array spectro- scopic photon sieves （QRSPS）, is proposed in this paper. This new grating is composed of pinholes on a substrate, whose radii are quasi-random, while their centers are regular. Analysis proves that its transmittance function across the grating bar is similar to that of sinusoidal transmission gratings. Simulation results show that the QRSPS can suppress higher-order diffraction effectively. And the QRSPS would still retain its characteristic of single order diffraction when we take the effect of X-ray penetration into account. These properties indicate that the QRSPS can be used in the soft X-ray spectra measurement.

含SOP的交直流混合配电网日前优化调度

为实现交直流混合配电网的高效运行,提出一种含智能软开关的交直流配电网优化调度方法。在对应用于交直流配电网的智能软开关工作原理进行阐述的基础上,建立含智能软开关的交直流配电网优化调度模型。通过线性化和凸松弛技术,将所建立的非线性优化模型转化为二阶锥规划模型,并且采用改进的50节点算例分析验证模型的有效性。算例结果表明,基于所建模型得到的智能软开关运行策略能够降低配电网运行损耗及改善电压越限的情况,显著提高混合配电网的经济性。

卸围压下弱胶结软岩分数阶蠕变损伤本构模型

为研究地下硐室开挖卸荷诱发的软岩蠕变损伤特征,以西部矿区弱胶结软岩为研究对象,利用GDS HPTAS开展了分级卸围压蠕变试验,研究了不同含水条件下弱胶结软岩卸围压下蠕变特征和蠕变速率特征。基于稳态蠕变速率倒数的方法,确定了弱胶结软岩长期强度和含水率的数学指数函数关系。基于蠕变速率曲线特征提出了一种确定衰减蠕变与等速蠕变分界点t_1和等速蠕变与加速蠕变分界点t_2的新方法。引入Riemann-Liouville分数阶积分算子和负时间指数损伤演化变量,定义了非线性损伤Abel黏壶,建立了一个包括弹性元件、黏弹性损伤元件、黏性元件和非线性黏塑性损伤元件的六元件分数阶蠕变损伤本构模型。基于试验结果,采用Trust-Region算法进行了模型参数识别和敏感性分析。结果表明,所建立的模型具有物理意义明确、与试验值吻合度较高等特点,可较为准确地反映开挖卸荷条件下弱胶结软岩蠕变损伤特性,对保障地下工程长期稳定性具有重要的意义。

考虑闭式潮流优化分布的主动配电网供电恢复方法

主动配电网具有灵活的调节能力和快速可靠的运行能力,但柔性多状态开关(SOP)、分布式电源等多种设备的存在,使供电恢复模型复杂,需要研究故障后供电恢复快速决策方法。提出了一种考虑闭式潮流优化分布的主动配电网负荷恢复方案快速决策方法。模拟故障切除后配电网所有联络开关闭式运行状态,基于二阶锥规划求解最优潮流,退出电压低、传输功率小的线路,形成利于供电恢复的配电网含SOP良性网络拓扑。建立基于负荷的功率因数与分级负荷权重的负荷恢复模型,制定负荷供电恢复方案,保证失电负荷严格按优先级获得最大的恢复水平。通过IEEE33、IEEE69节点配电系统进行算例分析,结果表明所提方法能兼顾计算的准确性和快速性。

基于分数阶理论的软泥岩一维次固结蠕变模型

工程中因岩石蠕变而诱发的灾害屡见不鲜,其中的软岩蠕变在实际工程中也较为常见。为探讨软岩蠕变特性,并准确预测软岩蠕变变形,本研究首先对宁夏固原市隆德县的软泥岩进行了一维次固结蠕变试验,分析了一维次固结蠕变试验下软泥岩的蠕变特性;然后引入了分数阶理论的概念,推演能够描述非线性蠕变特征的分数阶Burgers模型本构方程;最后利用Matlab中lsqcurvefit算法对软泥岩一维次固结蠕变试验数据进行数值求解,分析了分数阶阶数对软泥岩一维次固结蠕变曲线的影响。蠕变试验表明:软泥岩蠕变机制符合固结蠕变中瞬时变形、固结变形、稳定变形三阶段,并呈明显的非线性特征,且原状、重塑试样在固结过程中均产生了较大程度的次固结蠕变,最大变形量可占总变形量的59%。数值模拟结果表明:分数阶Burgers模型能够更好地描述次固结蠕变的非线性特征;模型分数阶阶数γ有较强的敏感性,能够反映拟合曲线的弹性阶段及之后的非线性黏弹性阶段,而分数阶阶数β敏感性较差,仅能对黏弹性阶段的蠕变趋势做出细微反应。

软体机器人动力学建模与计算研究进展

由刚性结构制成的传统机器人存在灵活性差、环境适应能力低、人机交互不友好等缺点,而近些年受自然界生物启发研制的各类软体机器人则可克服这些缺点,但由于具有无限自由度,软体机器人的优化设计与在线控制尚面临诸多瓶颈.通过力学建模与数值仿真,则能够更好地理解其形变过程,进而指导软体机器人的设计与制造.本文聚焦最新的软体机器人动力学仿真研究,关注结构建模方法和交互仿真方法在理论计算中的应用.在结构建模方法中,从三维实体单元模型出发,介绍有限元方法的基本原理及其在静态模型、可微框架和可微投影动力学等策略中的应用;在板壳模型方面,探讨经典的基尔霍夫-勒夫板壳模型和离散壳模型.接着在结构建模中聚焦简化模型,包括基于一维降阶模型的细长结构仿真,其中涵盖了分段常曲率模型、Cosserat杆模型和绝对节点坐标方法等基本模型理论.通过典型工作的案例,探讨了一维简化模型的优势与缺点,并介绍了质量弹簧阻尼经典模型的操作方法以及最新的相关工作.在交互仿真技术中,围绕动力学仿真,涵盖外部环境交互和外场驱动交互两个方面,探讨了软体机器人动力学仿真中的挑战与应对策略.此项工作旨在为机器人开发者提供全新的动力学仿真思路,实现更逼真的仿真效果,进而为软体机器人的优化设计及在线控制提供理论支撑.

基于LSTM和位置增强的软提示向量优化

软提示学习是应用预训练语言模型的新兴方法,然而软提示学习所生成的向量可能缺乏序列结构,影响模型在特定位置定义信息的能力导致模型的性能受损。为此,该文深入探究软提示向量序列结构及其对模型性能的影响,发现软提示向量在不同语言模型类型、模型规模、下游任务类型及提示长度均展现出顺序敏感的问题。针对该问题,提出一种基于LSTM和位置增强的软提示排序网络,首先采用改进的LSTM网络实现软提示排序调优,其中对每个门控处添设提示选择门,以捕获序列信息生成优序的软提示向量。其次针对排序过程提出一种位置增强模块,结合绝对与相对位置信息优化排序。在GLUE数据集上的测试表明,该方法相较于基线带来了平均3.1%的性能提升。

考虑多种故障场景的柔性互联低压配电网故障恢复方法

针对多变压器柔性互联台区变压器N-1、N-2故障的场景,提出了多设备协调的故障恢复方法。首先,梳理了变压器N-1、N-2故障场景的特点和各场景下配电站内的母联开关和台区间互联的SOP协调的故障恢复流程;其次,考虑网络运行约束、故障恢复过程中设备能力约束等,建立了以负荷加权恢复量最大为目标的柔性互联配电网故障恢复模型,并将其转化为二阶锥求解;最后,在21节点+21节点柔性互联的典型低压配电网拓扑中验证了所提方法的效果,证明了其可以有效提升变压器故障后重要负荷保供电的能力。

地方本科院校“软订单式”校企协同育人路径研究

地方本科院校人才培养与社会需求脱节,导致高校毕业生就业存在人才培养与需求的偏差、现实与期望的差距、招工的结构性矛盾等问题。近年来,基于“订单式”人才培养的校企合作方式为地方本科院校培养应用型、复合型人才提供了有效途径,然而这种模式存在刚性过强、灵活度不够、合作地域过窄、学生就业不稳定等问题。以“第二课堂”为载体,以学生社团为依托,以企业需求为中心,以学生就业为导向,打造“活动—竞赛—实习—就业”四位一体的“软订单式”校企协同育人模式,打破了“订单式”人才培养的时空和课程限制,充分发挥了学生在校企合作中的主体作用,是提升学生就业能力、推动学生高质量就业、实现校企生三方共赢的重要途径之一。

基于FreeSWITCH的电话约车系统方案与应用

随着移动互联网技术的发展,智能交通出行系统日益普及,老年人等不方便使用智能手机的人群面临约车难的问题。对这一难题进行了研究,提出一种基于FreeSWITCH的电话约车方案。该方案通过对接IMS/PSTN实现全自动叫车功能,并由约车平台进行车辆调度和结果反馈。该方案操作简便、无需智能手机,提高了出行效率和便利性。实际应用案例验证了系统的可行性和实用性,为不方便使用智能手机的人群提供了便捷的出行选择。

滤子软偏序半群研究

将软集合理论应用于偏序半群。首先,引入偏序半群S上的左(右)滤子软偏序半群、滤子软偏序半群、完全左(右)滤子软偏序半群、完全滤子软偏序半群、素左(右)理想软偏序半群和素理想软偏序半群概念。其次,利用素左(右)理想软偏序半群和素理想软偏序半群,分别给出了S上的一个非空软集合是右(左)滤子软偏序半群和滤子软偏序半群的充分必要条件。最后,研究了S上的左(右)滤子软偏序半群、滤子软偏序半群、完全左(右)滤子软偏序半群和完全滤子软偏序半群的商序同态像和在偏序同态映射下的逆像,得到了一些相关结论。

Fractional description of mechanical property evolution of soft soils during creep

The motion of pore water directly influences mechanical properties of soils, which are variable during creep. Accurate description of the evolution of mechanical properties of soils can help to reveal the internal behavior of pore water. Based on the idea of using the fractional order to reflect mechanical properties of soils, a fractional creep model is proposed by introducing a variable-order fractional operator, and realized on a series of creep responses in soft soils. A comparative analysis illustrates that the evolution of mechanical properties, shown through the simulated results, exactly corresponds to the motion of pore water and the solid skeleton. This demonstrates that the proposed variable-order fractional model can be employed to characterize the evolution of mechanical properties of and the pore water motion in soft soils during creep. It is observed that the fractional order from the proposed model is related to the dissipation rate of pore water pressure.

全球治理视野下的国际经济秩序发展与法治化

党的二十大报告提出了中国如何实践全球经济治理的重大命题。随着国际体系中权力的扩散和转移,国际经济秩序也面临着新的挑战。国际经济秩序的法治化将国际经济发展中形成的规则体系化,国际硬法和软法的结合反映了法治化的灵活性和适应性特征。在多边主义模式面临困境的情况下,RCEP为亚洲区域主义提供了规范基础。全球治理的可持续发展目标也正在影响国际经济秩序。中国从全球治理的边缘走向中心,将持续推进全球经济治理规则民主化、法治化。

基于分数阶模型的隧道周围土体非线性流变固结分析

考虑隧道周围饱和软土压缩性和渗透性非线性变化,建立二维非线性固结控制方程,引入分数阶Merchant模型考虑土体流变特性影响,采用Douglas-Jone格式的交替隐式差分法对方程进行求解.通过与现有解析解进行对比,验证了本研究解的正确性.利用得到的差分解进行参数分析,研究隧道周围饱和软土的非线性流变固结特性.结果表明,隧道渗漏模式、初始渗透系数和渗透指数对土体固结速率影响较大,透水通道越多、初始渗透系数越大、渗透指数越小,土体固结速率越快,而压缩指数对固结速率的影响较小;渗透各向异性系数对固结速率有较大影响,在进行固结性状分析时,应当充分考虑土体不同方向渗透系数的差异;当考虑土体流变特性时,土体固结速率显著减小,但当初始渗透系数增大到一定程度时,土体流变特性对土层固结速率的影响可以忽略.

Propagation of Acoustic Waves Caused by the Accelerations of Vibrating Hand-Held Tools in Viscoelastic Soft Tissues of Human Hands and a Mechanobiological Picture for the Related Injuries

As is well known, hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS), or vibration-induced white finger (VWF), which is a secondary form of Raynaud’s syndrome, is an industrial injury triggered by regular use of vibrating hand-held tools. According to the related biopsy tests, the main vibration-caused lesion is an increase in the thickness of the artery walls of the small arteries and arterioles resulted from enlarged vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the wall layer known as tunica media. The present work develops a mechanobiological picture for the cell enlargement. The work deals with acoustic variables in solid materials, i.e., the non-equilibrium components of mechanical variables in the materials in the case where these components are weakly non-equilibrium. The work derives an explicit expression for the infinite-time cell-volume relative enlargement. This enlargement is directly affected by the acoustic pressure in the soft living tissue (SLT). In order to reduce the enlargement, one can reduce either the ratio of the acoustic pressure in the SLT to the cell bulk modulus or the relaxation time induced by the cell osmosis, or both the characteristics. Also, a mechanoprotective role of the above relaxation time in the cell-volume maintenance is noted. The above mechanobiological picture focuses attention on the pressure in an SLT and, thus, modeling of propagation of acoustic waves caused by the acceleration of a vibrating hand-held tool. The present work analyzes the propagation along the thickness of an infinite planar layer of an SLT. The work considers acoustic modeling. As a general viscoelastic acoustic model, the work suggests linear non-stationary partial integro-differential equation (PIDE) for the weakly non-equilibrium component of the average normal stress (ANS) or, briefly, the acoustic ANS. The PIDE is, in the exponential approximation for the normalized stress-relaxation function (NSRF) reduced to the third-order linear non-stationary partial differential equation (PDE), which is of the Zener type. The unique advantage of the PIDE is that it presents a compact model for the acoustic ANS in an SLT, which explicitly includes the NSRF, thereby enabling a consistent description of the lossy-propagation effects inherent in SLTs. The one-spatial-coordinate version of this PDE in the planar SLT layer with the corresponding boundary conditions is considered. The relevance of these settings is motivated by a conclusion of other authors, which is based on the results of the frequency-domain simulation in three spatial coordinates. The boundary-value problem at arbitrary value of the stress-relaxation time (SRT) and arbitrary but sufficiently regular shape of the external acceleration is analytically solved by means of the Fourier method. The obtained solution is the steady-state acoustic ANS and allows calculation of the corresponding steady-state acoustic pressure as well. The derived analytical representations are computationally implemented. Propagation of the pressure waves in the SLT layer at zero and different nonzero values of the SRT, and the single-pulse external acceleration is presented. They complement the zero-SRT and zero-SRT-asymptote results with the results for various values of the SRT. The obtained pressure values are, at all of the space-time points under consideration, meeting the condition for the adequateness of the linear model. In the case where the SRT is zero, the results well agree with the ones obtained by using the simulation software package LS-DYNA. The dependence of the damping of acoustic variables in an SLT on the SRT in the present third-order case significantly generalizes the one in the second-order linear systems. The related resonance effect in the waves of the acoustic pressure propagating in an SLT is also discussed. The effects of the NSRF-originated memory function provided by the present third-order PDE model are necessary for proper simulation of the pressure, which is of special importance in the aforementioned mechanoboiological picture. The results obtained in the work present a viscoelastic acoustic framework for SLTs. These results open a way to quantitatively specific evaluation of technological strategies for reduction of the vibration-caused injuries or, loosely speaking, achieving “zero’’ injury.

考虑智能软开关接入的主动配电网扩展规划方法

柔性互联装置的广泛应用给主动配电网(active distribution network,ADN)规划带来巨大挑战。该文提出一种考虑智能软开关(soft open point,SOP)接入的ADN扩展规划方法,对变电站新建及扩容,线路新建,智能软开关、分布式电源、储能系统以及无功补偿等设备的选址定容进行协同规划。首先,考虑分布式电源出力和负荷功率不确定性,采用基于改进高斯混合模型的聚类方法构建典型日场景。在此基础上,以年综合费用最小为目标函数,建立了考虑SOP接入的ADN扩展规划模型。然后,通过线性化和二阶锥松弛技术,将原始非凸非线性规划模型转化为混合整数二阶锥规划(mixed-integer second-order cone programming,MISOCP)模型,并提出逐次收缩凸松弛算法以获得凸松弛间隙足够小的原问题最优解。最后,在54节点主动配电网算例上验证了所提规划模型和求解算法的可行性与有效性。

关于合作之自然秩序产生相较于软法理念的延伸思考——以莫洛凯岛困境事件为起点

自发秩序及构建秩序始终是人类社会秩序机制探索的重要思想基点。合作意识被认为是人类群体自身存在和发展的强大“基因”,合作意识的自发性同时有利于产生自发秩序,体现了秩序产生的自然性。建构在群体协商基础上发挥规范作用的软性规则充分体现了人类自我秩序创造的智慧。对于合作意识下的自然秩序的理性探索,有助于深化对于软法机制的法理支撑,并有助于完善构建社会单元内嵌的治理秩序以实现和谐稳定。

基于一阶zigzag理论的软芯复合夹层板冲击载荷下的动态响应分析

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