[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to provide technical support for high-yield cultivation of major crops in Burundi,thereby increasing local farmers'income and promoting sustainable development of agricult...[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to provide technical support for high-yield cultivation of major crops in Burundi,thereby increasing local farmers'income and promoting sustainable development of agriculture in Burundi.[Methods]In the IMBO and MOSO test stations of the Burundi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Burundi Fruit and Vegetable Extension and Service Center,soil testing and formulated fertilization test and demonstration was carried out in rice,maize and cabbage.The test set up three treatments,soil testing and formulated fertilization(STFF),local routine fertilization(RF)and non-fertilization(CK)to investigate the effects of soil testing and formulated fertilization on the yield and economic benefit of the crops.[Results]In the plot test,the yield and net economic benefit of rice,maize and cabbage were both highest in the STFF treatment.Compared with those in the RF treatment,the yield of rice,maize and cabbage increased by 19.0%,25.7%and 33.0%,respectively,and the net economic benefit increased by 4292,2837 and 8232 yuan/ha,respectively.In the field test,the yield and net economic benefit of rice,maize and cabbage were also both highest in the STFF treatment.The yield increased by 18.1%,24.3%and 25.9%,respectively,and the net economic benefit increased by 4142,2881 and 8665 yuan/ha,respectively compared with those in the RF treatment.[Conclusions]Soil testing and formulated fertilization not only increased rice,maize and cabbage yield per unit area,but also increased farmers'income in Burundi.It is one of the important technical measures to promote the increase of agricultural production and income in Burundi.展开更多
土壤有机质含量是影响土壤肥力水平的重要指标,也是开展耕地质量建设、科学施肥工作的基础。利用2005—2014年测土配方施肥项目数据与全国第二次土壤普查数据进行对比,分析了近30年来中国农田耕层土壤有机质的变化趋势。结果显示,30年...土壤有机质含量是影响土壤肥力水平的重要指标,也是开展耕地质量建设、科学施肥工作的基础。利用2005—2014年测土配方施肥项目数据与全国第二次土壤普查数据进行对比,分析了近30年来中国农田耕层土壤有机质的变化趋势。结果显示,30年来我国农田耕层土壤有机质含量呈整体上升趋势,目前,全国耕层土壤有机质平均含量为24.65 g kg^(-1),较全国第二次土壤普查时期提高4.85 g kg^(-1),提高24.49%。其中,30~40 g kg^(-1)等级比例增加3.64个百分点,20~30 g kg^(-1)等级比例增加5.68个百分点,10~20 g kg^(-1)等级比例增加5.36个百分点。需要引起注意的是,大于40 g kg^(-1)等级比例减少了1.38个百分点。展开更多
采用生命周期分析方法系统评估测土配方施肥行动的直接与间接环境效益，为深入实施该项目提供依据。以山东省聊城市玉米测土配方施肥项目为例，对玉米施肥生命周期资源消耗与污染物排放进行清单分析，并以习惯施肥区为参照对象评估其实...采用生命周期分析方法系统评估测土配方施肥行动的直接与间接环境效益，为深入实施该项目提供依据。以山东省聊城市玉米测土配方施肥项目为例，对玉米施肥生命周期资源消耗与污染物排放进行清单分析，并以习惯施肥区为参照对象评估其实现的净资源节约与污染物减排效益。结果表明，2006~2009年聊城市测土配方施肥项目显著减少了玉米生命周期资源消耗与污染物排放量。通过测土配方施肥，1 t 玉米生命周期实现的富营养化和环境酸化的减缓潜力分别相当于2000年世界人均影响潜力的20%~34%和5%~15%。环境总效益呈逐年下降趋势，这是由于习惯施肥与测土配方施肥的差距越来越小，农民肥料投入趋于理性，表明测土配方施肥通过示范起到了较好的辐射推广作用。展开更多
基金Special Scientific and Technological Assistance Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China to Developing Countries(Demonstration and Popularization of Key Technologies for Increasing Grain Yield in Africa)Scientific Research and Technology Development Plan Project of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China(Gui Ke He 1346009-4,Gui Ke He 14125007-2-7).
文摘[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to provide technical support for high-yield cultivation of major crops in Burundi,thereby increasing local farmers'income and promoting sustainable development of agriculture in Burundi.[Methods]In the IMBO and MOSO test stations of the Burundi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Burundi Fruit and Vegetable Extension and Service Center,soil testing and formulated fertilization test and demonstration was carried out in rice,maize and cabbage.The test set up three treatments,soil testing and formulated fertilization(STFF),local routine fertilization(RF)and non-fertilization(CK)to investigate the effects of soil testing and formulated fertilization on the yield and economic benefit of the crops.[Results]In the plot test,the yield and net economic benefit of rice,maize and cabbage were both highest in the STFF treatment.Compared with those in the RF treatment,the yield of rice,maize and cabbage increased by 19.0%,25.7%and 33.0%,respectively,and the net economic benefit increased by 4292,2837 and 8232 yuan/ha,respectively.In the field test,the yield and net economic benefit of rice,maize and cabbage were also both highest in the STFF treatment.The yield increased by 18.1%,24.3%and 25.9%,respectively,and the net economic benefit increased by 4142,2881 and 8665 yuan/ha,respectively compared with those in the RF treatment.[Conclusions]Soil testing and formulated fertilization not only increased rice,maize and cabbage yield per unit area,but also increased farmers'income in Burundi.It is one of the important technical measures to promote the increase of agricultural production and income in Burundi.
文摘土壤有机质含量是影响土壤肥力水平的重要指标,也是开展耕地质量建设、科学施肥工作的基础。利用2005—2014年测土配方施肥项目数据与全国第二次土壤普查数据进行对比,分析了近30年来中国农田耕层土壤有机质的变化趋势。结果显示,30年来我国农田耕层土壤有机质含量呈整体上升趋势,目前,全国耕层土壤有机质平均含量为24.65 g kg^(-1),较全国第二次土壤普查时期提高4.85 g kg^(-1),提高24.49%。其中,30~40 g kg^(-1)等级比例增加3.64个百分点,20~30 g kg^(-1)等级比例增加5.68个百分点,10~20 g kg^(-1)等级比例增加5.36个百分点。需要引起注意的是,大于40 g kg^(-1)等级比例减少了1.38个百分点。
文摘采用生命周期分析方法系统评估测土配方施肥行动的直接与间接环境效益，为深入实施该项目提供依据。以山东省聊城市玉米测土配方施肥项目为例，对玉米施肥生命周期资源消耗与污染物排放进行清单分析，并以习惯施肥区为参照对象评估其实现的净资源节约与污染物减排效益。结果表明，2006~2009年聊城市测土配方施肥项目显著减少了玉米生命周期资源消耗与污染物排放量。通过测土配方施肥，1 t 玉米生命周期实现的富营养化和环境酸化的减缓潜力分别相当于2000年世界人均影响潜力的20%~34%和5%~15%。环境总效益呈逐年下降趋势，这是由于习惯施肥与测土配方施肥的差距越来越小，农民肥料投入趋于理性，表明测土配方施肥通过示范起到了较好的辐射推广作用。
