Research on the High-Strength Coating Preparation Methodology based on Acid Catalytic and Sol-Gel Method

In this paper, we conduct research on the high-strength coating preparation methodology based on acid catalytic and Sol-Gel method. This method has been widely used in the preparation of various functional thin film, film and protective film structure, etc. As a result of sol gel process continuously broaden the application field, this method has been more and more get the favor of people. Compared with other traditional preparation methods of inorganic material, sol-gel process has many characteristics. To adjust the solution acidity and add a small amount of acid or alkali can have the effect of＂ catalyst, its reaction process on sol to get and gel structure may also be affected. Our research analyze the topic theoretically and numerically which is meaningful.

Capillary Zone Electrophoretic Separation of Basic Proteins with Coated Columns Prepared by Sol-Gel Technology

Coated capillary columns were prepared by sol-gel technology and used in the separation of basic proteins with capillary zone electrophoresis. The results indicated that a significant decrease in protein adsorption was obtained and EOF was also diminished to zero in the pH range of 3-10.

Sol-gel preparation of a silica antireflective coating with enhanced hydrophobicity and optical stability in vacuum

A new silica antireflective coating with improved hydrophobicity and optical stability in a vacuum is obtained by a two-step route. Firstly, silica sols are prepared with a sol-gel process, in which tetraethyl orthosilicate is utilized as a precursor. And by introduction of fluorine containing glycol into the sols, the porosity of silica particles and surface polarity of the coatings are decreased. Afterward, coatings are constructed with low surface roughness by modification of PMBA-PMMA. The coatings retain transmission of up to 99.6%, and laser damage threshold of about 50 J/cm^2 at a wavelenth of 532 nm （1-on-1. 10 ns）

Preparation and Microstructure of a Si-Mo Fused Slurry Coating on Carbon/Carbon Composites for Oxidation Protection

A coating of composition Si-40Mo (wt pct) was prepared by fused slurry coating method on the two-dimensional carbon/carbon (2D-C/C) composite to improve oxidation resistance. In the procedure of the fabrication, pure St slurry inner layer in the pre-coating was necessary to apply because of infiltration of liquid Si into the substrate during the sintering. The coating consists of Si continuous phase and MoSi2 particles. In addition, the infiltration of Si into the substrate and the SiC reaction layer between the coating and the C/C composite were observed. Oxidation behavior of coated and uncoated C/C composites was studied in cyclic mode. The oxidation resistance and the thermal shock resistance of the Si-Mo fused slurry coating were quite excellent at 1370℃.

Preparation and characterization of carbonyl iron soft magnetic composites with magnesioferrite insulating coating layer

Spherical carbonyl iron(Fe)powders were coated with magnesioferrite(MgFe2O4)insulating coating layer and then mixed with epoxy-modified silicone resin(ESR).Soft magnetic composites(SMCs)were fabricated by compaction of the coated powders and annealing treatment.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),X-ray diffractometry(XRD)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)revealed that the MgFe2O4 layer was coated on the surface of the iron powders.The magnetic properties of SMCs were determined using a vibrating sample magnetometer and an auto testing system for magnetic materials.The results showed that the SMCs prepared at 800 MPa and 550℃ exhibited a significant core loss of 167.5 W/kg at 100 kHz and 50 mT.

PREPARATION OF COMPLEX ZrO_2-Y_2O_3 SOL

Complex ZrO2-Y2O3 sol were prepared from precursors of inorganic salts and metal alkoxides. The processes for complex ZrO2-Y2O3 sol preparation and purification, the sol-gel transformation and the characterization of the sol from the two kinds of precursors were discussed and compared. It was found that the colloidal particles were amorphous in nature, and extremely fine (<10nm) in the both cases. ZrO2-Y2O3 coatings on GH220 superalloy samples MCrAlX (M=Fe, Co, Ni, X=Y, Ta,Hf…) pre-coated) were prepared using sols from the two different processes and tested at 1000 ℃ for 100 h in laboratory air. Results showed that only the coatings from the metal alkoxides derived sol offered excellent oxidation resistance.

Interface-directed sol-gel:direct fabrication of the covalently attached ultraflat inorganic oxide pattern on functionalized plastics

For plastic electronics and optics,the fabrication of smooth,transparent and stable crack-free inorganic oxide films(and patterning) on flexible polymeric substrates with strong bonding strength and controllable thickness from nanometers to micrometers is a key but still remains a challenge.Among versatile inorganic oxides,silica oxide film as SiOx is especially important because this semiconductor material could provide crucial properties in devices or serve as a base layer for further multilayer construction.In this paper,we describe a new interface-directed sol-gel method to fabricate flexible high quality silicon oxide film onto commodity plastics.The resulting crack-free silica film has strong covalent bonding with polymer substrates,homogeneous morphology with ultralow roughness,highly optical transparency,tunable thickness from nm to μm,and easy patterning ability.Such fabrication strategy relies on a novel photocatalytic oxidation reaction by photosensitive ammonium persulfate(APS),which is able to fabricate highly reactive hydroxyl monolayer surface on inert polymeric substrates.This kind of hydroxylated surface could serve as nucleation and growth sites to initiate surface sol-gel process.As a result,well-defined SiOx film deposition(gelation) occurs,and patterned hydroxylation regions could be easily utilized to induce the formation of patterned oxide film arrays.Our strategy also excludes the requirements of clean room and vacuum devices so as to fulfill low-cost and fast fabrication demands.Two application examples from such high quality SiOx layer onto plastics are given but should not be limited within these.One is that oxygen permeation rate of SiOx deposited polymer film decreases 25 times than pristine polymer substrate,which is good for the potential packaging materials.The other one is that silanization monolayer,for example,3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APTES),could be successfully constructed onto silica layer through classical silanization reaction,which is applicable for many potential purposes,for instance,proteins could be accordingly immobilized onto plastic support with effective signal-to-background ratio.Moreover,we further demonstrate that this interface-directed sol-gel strategy is a general method which could be successfully extended to other high quality oxide film fabrication,e.g.,TiO2.

Al_2O_3-Y_2O_3 Nano- and Micro-Composite Coatings on Fe-9Cr-Mo Alloy

Al2O3-Y2O3 nano- and micro-composite coatings were deposited on Fe-9Cr-Mo substrates by using sol-gel composite coating technology. The processing includes dipping samples in a sol-gel solution dispersed with fine ceramic powders, which are prepared by high-energy ball milling. High-resolution microscopy （FE-SEM） analyses show that the coating is composed of composite particle clusters with an average diameter of 1μm, and the coating is relatively dense without cracking during drying and sintering stages. XRD analyses show that the oxide coating is mainly composed of α-Al2O3 and γ-Al2O3. The oxidation tests performed at 600℃ in air show that the coatings are provided with much improved resistance against high temperature oxidation and scale spallation. It is indicated that nano-structured composite particles and reactive elements are integrated into the coatings, which plays an important role in preventing agglomeration of nano-particles and initiation of cracks.

Dual-shell silicate and alumina coating for long lasting and high capacity lithium ion batteries

Here we demonstrate a theory-driven, novel dual-shell coating system of Li_(2)SrSiO_(4) and Al_(2)O_(3), achieved via a facile and scalable sol-gel technique on LiCoO_(2) electrode particles. The optimal thickness of each coating can lead to increased specific capacity(~185 m Ah/g at 0.5 C-rate) at a cut-off potential of 4.5 V, and greater cycling stability at very high C rates(up to 10 C) in half-cells with lithium metal. The mechanism of this superior performance was investigated using a combination of X-ray and electron characterization methods. It shows that the results of this investigation can inform future studies to identify still better dual-shell coating schemes, achieved by such industrially feasible techniques, for application on similar, nickel-rich cathode materials.

绘画手绘创作在纸质与颜料相互作用分析

纸质与颜料的相互作用在美术领域扮演着重要角色。在远古时期,人们对美就有了追求,将天然的染料涂在自己服装上,以此表达追求美的欲望,从而有了最初的手绘服装。随着科技的发展,人们运用绘画的颜料及技巧也有较大进步。绘画颜料中,氧化铁颜料具有合成度高、色相广泛、粒径均匀的优势特征,逐渐代替传统天然类产品。因此,为提高氧化铁颜料质量,其在不同纸张上表现出来的特性也截然不同,影响艺术家在创作过程中的选材。从超细与耐高温氧化铁颜料出发,详细阐述此类颜料的组成、选择、要求及开发,并提出氧化铁颜料不同配比、不同介质及相关绘画颜料的对比分析,然后结合绘画工艺的图案、色彩与中国传统文化,针对纸张与颜料的相互作用对绘画效果的影响展开分析,以期能为美术领域提供参考。

The Effect of Fabrication Conditions for GDC Buffer Layer on Electrochemical Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

A Gd-doped ceria（GDC） buffer layer is required between a conventional yttria-stabilized zirconia（YSZ） electrolyte and a La-Sr-Co-Fe-O3（LSCF） cathode to prevent their chemical reaction. In this study,the effect of varying the conditions for fabricating the GDC buffer layer, such as sintering temperature and amount of sintering aid, on the solid oxide fuel cell（SOFC） performance was investigated. A finer GDC powder（i.e., ultra-high surface area）, a higher sintering temperature（1290℃）, and a larger amount of sintering aid（12%） resulted in improved densification of the buffer layer; however, the electrochemical performance of an anode-supported cell containing this GDC buffer layer was poor. These conflicting results are attributed to the formation of（Zr, Ce）O2 and/or excess cobalt grain boundaries（GBs） at higher sintering temperatures with a large amount of sintering aid（i.e., cobalt oxide）. A cell comprising of a cobalt-free GDC buffer layer, which was fabricated using a low-temperature process, had lower cell resistance and higher stability. The results indicate that electrochemical performance and stability of SOFCs strongly depend on fabrication conditions for the GDC buffer layer.

Formation and capacitance properties of Ti-Al composite oxide film on aluminum

Al specimens were covered with TiO2 film by sol-gel dip-coating and then anodized in ammonium adipate solution.The structure,composition and capacitance properties of the anodic oxide film were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM),Auger electron spectroscopy (AES),X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).It was found that an anodic oxide film with a dual-layer structure formed between TiO2 coating and Al substrate.The film consisted of an inner Al2O3 layer and an outer Ti-Al composite oxide layer.The thickness of layers varied with the number of times of sol-gel dip-coating.The capacitance of anodic oxide films formed on coated specimens was at most 80% higher than that without TiO2.In film formation mechanism,it was claimed that the formation of composite oxide film was mainly affected by the structure of micro-pores network in TiO2 coating which had an influence on Al3+ and O2? ions transport during the anodizing.

MCrAlY涂层的研究进展

随着发动机的服役温度日益升高,工作环境日益恶劣,涡轮叶片极易在高温环境中氧化,大大降低了叶片的使用寿命。如何在低成本下制备保护性能好的高温防护涂层,是当前国内外研究的重点。MCrAlY包覆涂层可分为NiCrAlY涂层、CoCrAlY涂层和NiCoCrAlY涂层,这3类涂层的抗氧化性能和抗腐蚀性能较好,又有很好的塑韧性和抗热疲劳性能,因此可作为涂层或热障涂层的黏结层材料。综述了涂层中主要元素(Al、Cr、Co、Y)、掺杂合金元素(Ta、Re、Si、Pt)、涂层制备工艺和预处理工艺对MCrAlY涂层性能的研究进展。结果表明,可以通过调节MCrAlY涂层的成分来实现涂层性能的调控。向MCrAlY涂层中掺入Si、Ta和Re等活性元素,可显著提高涂层的抗高温氧化性能,以进一步提高发动机的工作效率和满足高温的工作环境需求。总结了采用细化涂层晶粒、掺杂纳米颗粒和制备梯度复合涂层等方法来提高MCrAlY涂层的抗氧化性能和抗腐蚀性能的研究现状,对MCrAlY涂层的发展趋势进行了展望。

镁合金表面Ca-P涂层的制备及其耐蚀性研究

采用两步阳极氧化和化学沉积结合的方法,在钙/磷比为1.67的溶液中Mg-3wt%Zn-0.8wt%Zr合金表面制备了Ca-P生物涂层。分别采用XRD、SEM、划痕仪和光学显微镜表征分析涂层的物相成分、表面形貌、厚度和结合力,以及通过电化学工作站测定涂层材料的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:Mg-Zn-Zr合金经过阳极氧化和化学沉积处理生成了Ca-P涂层,主要成分为磷酸氢钙(CaHPO_(4))、二水磷酸氢钙(CaHPO_(4)·2H_(2)O)和磷酸三钙(Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2));在沉积时间为48 h的条件下,形成的Ca-P涂层组织形貌致密均匀,与基体的结合力最好,且能使镁合金的腐蚀电位达到-1.181 V,腐蚀速率明显降低,达到了提高镁合金基体耐蚀性的目的。

Synthesis and Characterization of Indium Niobium Oxide Thin Films via Sol—Gel Spin Coating Method

In the present study, niobium-doped indium oxide thin films were prepared by sol-gel spin coating technique. The effects of different Nb-doping contents on structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties of the films were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction （XRD）, field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM）, atomic force microscopy （AFM）, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and four point probe methods. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of cubic bixbyite structure of In203 with a small shift in major peak position toward lower angles with addition of Nb. FESEM micrographs show that grain size decreased with increasing the Nb-doping content. Optical and electrical studies revealed that optimum opto-electronic properties, including minimum electrical resistivity of 119.4 × 10^-3 Ω cm and an average optical transmittance of 85% in the visible region with a band gap of 3.37 eV were achieved for the films doped with Nb-doping content of 3 at.%. AFM studies show that addition of Nb at optimum content leads to the formation of compact films with smooth surface and less average roughness compared with the prepared ln2O3 films.

钼及钼合金改性硅化物高温抗氧化涂层研究现状

钼及钼合金因具有优异的高温力学性能而被广泛应用于电子工业、航空工业、核工业等领域,但这类材料在高温下易氧化的特性限制了其在工业生产中的应用。在钼及钼合金表面制备硅化物涂层是提高其抗氧化性能的主要措施,通过元素改性的方式可进一步提高硅化物涂层的抗氧化防护效果。本文结合近年来钼及钼合金改性硅化物高温抗氧化涂层的研究进展,详述了改性元素抑制涂层氧化损耗、阻止Si贫瘠区形成、提高涂层自愈性和降低涂层裂纹形成倾向四种抗氧化机理,介绍了常见的元素改性硅化物涂层体系及制备工艺,展望了今后钼及钼合金改性硅化物高温抗氧化涂层的研究方向。

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano-sized Zinc Oxide Coating on Cellulosic Fibers： Photoactivity and Flame-retardancy Study

We have investigated the effect of zinc oxide as a photocatalyst and durable flame-retardant on cellulosic fibers. Zinc oxide nanocrystals were successfully synthesized and deposited onto cellulosic fibers using sol-gel process at low temperature. The samples were characterized by means of several techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermogra- vimetric analysis. The photocatalytic activity was tested by measuring the photodegradation of methylene blue under UV-Vis illumination. Moreover, flame-retardancy was tested by vertical flame spread test. The optimum add-on value for donating flame-retardancy onto cellulosic fabric was obtained to be in the range of 15.24 to 23.20 g of the ZnO per 100 g of fabric. Thermogravimetric analysis of pure and flame-retarded samples were accomplished and discussed. The results obtained are in agreement with Wall effect theory and Coating theory. The originality of this work on introducing photoactive flame-retarded fibers is highly valuable for industrial implementation.

梯度功能型金属氧化物涂层阳极(DSA)的制备

首次用梯度功能材料设计思想制成了成份呈梯度分布的金属氧化物涂层阳极 (DSA) ,比用传统方法制备的阳极寿命提高了 40多倍 ,并用SEM、EDX对其界面过渡的形貌及成份分布进行了研究。

物理气相沉积TiAlN涂层的研究进展

概述了物理气相沉积TiAlN涂层的研究现状及发展趋势,详细分析了制备方法、Al含量、N2流量、基体偏压、温度以及其他元素对TiAlN涂层的涂层结构、硬度、高温抗氧化性和耐腐蚀性等性能的影响。目前制备的TiAlN涂层存在残余应力较大、表面液滴数量较多和涂层致密度差等问题。为进一步促进TiAlN涂层的应用,今后还需探索该涂层的制备方法,优化其制备工艺。多元纳米复合涂层和超点阵多层涂层是两个具有潜力的发展方向。

耐热扩散涂层在燃气轮机上的应用现状及趋势

综合介绍了航空发动机和燃气轮机热端部件所采用的简单铝化物涂层、改进型铝化物涂层及MCrAlY包覆涂层等十余种涂层的制备工艺方法、涂层组织结构特点、高温防护性能以及应用情况 .分析讨论了NiCr -CrAl涂层、Co -Al复合渗层、JT -G铝硅铬渗层及电子束物理气相沉积 (EB -PVD)