Transcriptome analysis reveals effects of red and blue lightemitting diodes(LEDs)on the growth,chlorophyll fluorescence and endogenous plant hormones of potato(Solanum tuberosum L.)plantlets cultured in vitro

Red and blue light illumination has been reported to significantly affect plantlet growth.Potato is an important food and feed crop in the world and potato plantlet cultured in vitro plays an important role in potato production.However,few studies have documented the effects of red and blue light on the growth of potato plantlets revealed at the transcriptome level.The objective of this study was to determine the growth and physiological responses of potato plantlets cultured in vitro under monochromatic red(RR),monochromatic blue(BB)as well as combined red and blue(RB)LEDs using the RNA-Seq technique.In total,3150 and 814 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were detected in potato plantlets under RR and BB,respectively,compared to RB(used as control).Compared to the control,the DEGs enriched in"photosynthesis"and"photosynthesis-antenna proteins"metabolic pathways were up-regulated and down-regulated by BB and RR,respectively,which might be responsible for the increases and decreases of maximum quantum yield(F_(v)/F_(m)),photochemical quantum yield(φ_(PSII)),photochemical quenching(q_(P))and electron transfer rate(ETR)in BB and RR,respectively.Potato plantlets exhibited dwarfed stems and extended leaves under BB,whereas elongated stems and small leaves were induced under RR.These dramatically altered plantlet phenotypes were associated with variable levels of endogenous plant hormones gibberellin(GAs),indoleacetic acid(IAA)and cytokinins(CKs),as assessed in stems and leaves of potato plantlets.In addition,monochromatic red and blue LEDs trigged the opposite expression profiles of DEGs identified in the"plant hormone signal transduction"metabolic pathway,which were closely related to the endogenous plant hormone levels in potato plantlets.Our results provide insights into the responses of potato plantlets cultured in vitro to red and blue LEDs at the transcriptomic level and may contribute to improvements in the micro-propagation of potato plantlets cultured in vitro from the light spectrum aspect.

Isolation of a Plasmalemma Aquaporin Encoding Gene StPIP1 from Solanum tuberosum L. and Its Expression in Transgenic Tobacco

Aquaporin （AQP） belongs to a highly conserved group of membrane proteins considered as major intrinsic proteins, which facilitate water transport across biological membranes. The discovery of AQPs in plants has resulted in a paradigm shift in the understanding of plant-water relations, however, the potential relationship between the role of aquaporins in regulating plant water balance and drought tolerance still remains elusive. In this study, the gene encoding potato AQP cDNA, StPIP1 （GenBank accession no. DQ999080）, was cloned from the leaf of potato cultivar Gannongshu 2 by reverse transcription-PCR （RT-PCR）. Sequence alignment was made by BLASTn in GenBank, the phylogenetic analysis was conducted using PHYLIPWY, the 3D structure was predicted in Swiss-Model server. Subcellular localization of StPIP1 was performed by constructing CaMV35S-StPIP1-GFP and rd29A-StPIP1-GFP fusion proteins and transient expression in onion epidermis. To understand StPIP1 physiological functions in potato under various stress conditions, the StPIP1 gene in a reverse orientation was transformed into tobacco driven by the Cauliflower mosaic virus （CMV） 35S promoter. The expression levels of transgenic and wild-type plants were assessed under various abiotic stress conditions using semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and the morphological and physiological responses of transgenic plants to different stress conditions were investigated. The expression of StPIP1 mRNA decreased in transgenic plants under non-stress and stress conditions, however, the reduction was more severer under drought stress. In both non-stress and stress conditions, StPIP1 was expressed predominantly in root. The morphological and physiological investigation showed no significant differences in growth rate, germination rate, and root fresh weight （FW） between transgenic and wild-type plants when grown under favorable conditions. In contrast, under drought stress, the reduction in StPIPI expression leads to a delay in seed germination and seedling growth, accelerated seedling wilt, and leaf morphological abnormity. Under ＂enough＂ water conditions （i.e., water culture）, the aerial parts of anti-sense plants showed no differences. However, for the aerial parts to accumulate the same amount of biomass, transgenic plants needed about 3 times more abundant root system to transport water for plant growth than wild-type plants. Morphological investigation showed that the reduction in StPIP1 expression increased the root system in transgenic plants under drought stress. As a result, the increase of root mass might compensate the reduced cellular water permeability in order to ensure a sufficient water supply for the plant. Results demonstrated that StPIP1 plays an important role for water transportation in potato, especially under drought stress conditions. The reduced expression of StPIP1 decreases the cellular water transport and influences the expression of endogenous AQPs genes and thereby, has impacts on seed germination, seedling growth, and stress responses of potato to drought conditions.

Growth of Micropropagated Solanum tuberosum L.Plantlets under Artificial Solar Spectrum and Different Mono-and Polychromatic LED Lights

In agriculture,LED light sources have increasingly replaced the standard luminescent lamps and have acquired an important role in plant micropropagation.We studied the effect of different light sources such as narrow-band LEDs(bright blue,blue,green,yellow,deep red,and red)and wide-band LEDs(cold white,white,warm white,full spectrum,and an artificial solar spectrum sun box constructed by us)on development of potato plantlets in vitro.White luminescent lamps were used as a control.The light intensity of 49μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)was provided in all light treatments.We showed that the long-wave narrow-band light treatments were inapplicable for potato micropropagation,because plantlets were weak with small leaves,inhibited roots,and significantly elongated stems.Blue lights provided growth of shortened plantlets with large leaves,well-growing roots,and abundant green mass.The chlorophyll content was lower under blue and bright blue light and was at the same level in the remained treatments.Significant differences in the stomatal apparatus development were observed depending on the light source.These differences were not always reflected in the plantlet phenotype:e.g.,plantlets under blue and bright blue lights showed no differences in any characteristics except stomatal density and size of stomatal guard cells.We found no significant effect of blue light portion in the white lights and full spectrum on plantlet growth.An artificial solar spectrum sun box was the most suitable for potato micropropagation,because it supported the development of plantlets with good fitness,uniform internodes length,abundant roots and green mass accumulation.

Genetic Variability, Heritability and Correlation of Some Morphological and Yield Components Traits in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Collections

The study was conducted with the main objective to evaluate the genetic variability, heritability, and clustering pattern exploration of morphological and yield related traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) collections in the bimodal rainfall agroecological zone of Cameroon using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The data obtained on morphological and yield traits were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the viability rate of the collections varied from 77.78% to 96.55% respectively for the Maffo and Desiree collections, while the greatest number of tubers per plant varied from 4 to 18 respectively for Synergie and Desiree. The emergence rate varies from 60% to 1.66% respectively for Maffo et Doza collections. However, Desiree presents the highest TL (96.55) while Maffo shows the lowest value (77.78%). The yield per hectare varied from 1.14 to 9.3 t/h for Maffo and Doza respectively. For all the characteristics observed, Phenotypic Coefficients of Variation (PCV) were higher than Genotypic Coefficients of Variation (GCV) suggesting the role of environment in the expression of traits under observation. The highest GCV and PCV 47.55 and 58.94 respectively were observed for Diameter at the collar (DC). Most of the traits showed high GAM (>20%)) except Average Tuber Length (ATL) with a moderate value (19.8). In terms of vegetative development, the Desiree variety showed the highest performance. Based on the growth and yield results, Doza seems to be the most recommendable crop in the study area.

Genetic Diversity and Yield Stability of Potato(Solanum tuberosum L.)

The present study was under taken to investigate the genetic distance and the performance of thirty one potato genotypes in diverse environments.Multivariate and canonical analysis were used to study genetic diversity among the genotypes and stability parameters were estimated according to Eberhart and Russell,Parkinge and Jinks and Freeman and Perkins models for plant height,branch number per plant,tuber number and tuber weight.Thirty one genotypes were grouped in to six clusters with the help of Mahalonobis distance and canonical analysis.The stability analysis revealed that yield was greatly influenced by the environments.Most of the studied genotypes were sensitive for yield with the environment.For over-all performance 'Hera','Chamak','Patnai','Lala pakri','TPS-7','TPS-364','Somerset' and 'Superior' were the best genotypes for tuber yield and breeding material for potato breeding.

马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)茎尖的超低温保存及其遗传变异的初步观察

研究马铃薯茎尖超低温保存技术的结果表明,4℃低温下锻炼6d,在添加二甲基亚砜(DMSO)和乙酰胺的培养基中预培养5d,60%PVS2于室温下装载30min,0℃下PVS2脱水40min时,茎尖成活率最高(71.6%),再生植株生长分化正常。进一步对再生植株进行AFLP分析,6对引物组合共扩增出385条带,超低温保存前后的材料之间未见到明显差的异带,但用MSAP技术分析超低温保存前后植株甲基化的结果显示:超低温保存后的材料均有不同程度的甲基化。在扩增的624条带中,处理与否之间完全一致的带型为584条;有变化的带型为40条,处理2(茎尖经过完整的超低温保存过程,区别于处理1,增加了冷冻、解冻和洗涤后恢复培养)有13个位点的甲基化增加,21个位点去甲基化。

Molecular Cloning and Expression Analysis of a FT Homologous Gene from Solanum tuberosum

A homologue of flowering locus T gene, designated StFT, was isolated from Solanum tuberosum by reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction （accession no. GU223211）. The DNA sequence of StFT was 1 626 bp long and contained four exons and three introns. The open reading frame of the gene was 522 bp long and encoded a putative protein of 173 amino acids with a molecular weight of 19.75 kD and a theoretical pI of 7.76. StFT protein had a conserved PBP domain and a higher degree of identity with FT homologous members from other species. Analysis on the mRNA levels of StFT showed that it was highly expressed in leaves, apical buds, flowers, and swelling stolons. Further analysis indicated that its expression was regulated by CONSTANS gene in StCOL-antisense transgenic potato plants.

Environmental, morphological and physiological factors analyzes for optimization of potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>L.) microtuber <i>in vitro</i>germination

The microtuber is considered one of the most effective means of spreading basic materials, as well as transporting and preserving potato germplasm varieties. To define the optimal conditions for the potato microtuber in vitro germination of Aida, Atlas and Odessa varieties, the effects of temperature, physiological age and grade (size) were evaluated. The study conducted at three different temperature levels has demonstrated that the most favorable temperature for microtuber germination at a higher and faster germination rate was 25℃, regardless of the variety. In addition, microtubers of large caliber, greater than 4 mm, germinate more quickly, with a higher germination rate, than smaller size ones (less than 4 mm) for all genotypes. For Atlas, Aida and Odessa varieties, a germination rate equal to 86.66%, 70% and 70% respectively, was obtained for microtubers with a caliber superior to 4 mm. Physiological age influences microtuber germination. The mean length of sprouts, reached after a 7 week incubation period, was more marked at “multiple sprout” and “branched sprout” stages than at a “monosprout” stage. The average length was 2.35 cm, 2.48 cm and 1.5 cm, respectively. Thus, it is necessary to plant microtubers at a “multiple sprout” stage to optimize their yield in plants and minitubers.

Study on Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Physiology and Biochemistry of Solanum nigrum L. under Glyphosate Stress

[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the scientific prevention and control of Solanum nigrum L. [Methods] Through experiments on S. nigrum from different sources, it was found that glyphosate stress had significant effects on antioxidant enzyme activity and oxidative damage of sensitive S. nigrum plants. [Results] Sensitive S. nigrum showed oxidative damage under glyphosate stress, while resistant S. nigrum responded to adversity damage by improving its antioxidant enzyme activity. The experimental results showed that the antioxidant enzymes and reduced glutathione of S. nigrum had certain metabolic detoxification effects under glyphosate stress. [Conclusions] This study provides a theoretical basis for scientific prevention and control of S. nigrum , and has a certain reference value for revealing the glyphosate resistance mechanism of S. nigrum .

Exploring the molecular mechanism of Solanum nigrum L in breast cancer treatment through network pharmacology and molecular docking validation

In 2020,breast cancer emerged as the leading type of cancer worldwide,surpassing lung cancer in the number of new cases.The high cost and frequent failure of current treatments due to drug resistance and other challenges underscore the urgent need for novel,affordable,efficient,and less toxic breast cancer therapies with fewer side effects.This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which Solanum Nigrum L.counters breast cancer,employing network pharmacology and molecular docking methods.Methods:The study identified the primary active compounds of Solanum Nigrum L.using databases such as TCMSP,TCM-ID,NPASS,and BATMAN.Prediction of the compounds'targets was facilitated by the SwissADME website,while main breast cancer targets were sourced from the GeneCards,OMIM,and TTD databases.The identified drug-disease intersection targets were analyzed using the STRING platform to construct a protein interaction network,which was then visualized and refined to select hub targets using Cytoscape 3.9.0 software.The Metascape database's MOCDE functional plugin was employed for identifying potential functional modules within the protein interaction network.Further,the DAVID database was utilized for GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the intersection targets.Molecular docking of key active compounds with core targets was performed using AutoDock Tools 1.5.7 software.Lastly,the GEPIA2.0 database was used for predicting overall survival curves of hub targets and conducting a pan-cancer analysis.Results:Eleven active compounds of Solanum Nigrum L.,including Diosgenin,Tigogenin,and Quercetin,were identified from traditional Chinese medicine databases.We discovered 113 targets common to both Solanum Nigrum L.and breast cancer.Solanum Nigrum L.exhibits anti-breast cancer properties through interactions with 14 key targets,including SRC,PIK3R1,HSP90AA1,PIK3CA,AKT1,VEGFA,and ESR1.These interactions influence several critical signaling pathways,notably the cancer signaling pathway,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,Ras signaling pathway,and EGFR signaling pathway.Survival analysis indicated that the aberrant expression of these 14 key targets significantly affects patient survival times.Furthermore,pan-cancer analysis highlighted marked differences in the expression patterns of these targets between breast cancer patients and control groups.Conclusion:Solanum Nigrum L.mediates its therapeutic impact on breast cancer through a comprehensive approach,targeting multiple components,targets,and pathways.

Exploration of potential mechanisms for the treatment of ulcerative colitis by Solanum diphyllum L.based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

Evidence of the advantages of Solanum nigrum L.for the treatment of ulcerative colitis is accumulating.However,research revealing the treatment of Solanum diphyllum L.against ulcerative colitis is scarce.In this study,the chemical components of the extract of Solanum diphyllum L.were characterized by LC-MS/MS,identifying 31 compounds by positive and negative total ion flow maps.A total of 425 component target genes and 1900 disease target genes were obtained,and 121 intersection targets and 6 core targets were obtained after the intersection of the two genes by means of network pharmacology.GO analysis and KEGG analysis respectively obtained 20 signaling pathways such as anti-infl ammation.The results of molecular docking showed that the chemical components could successfully dock with the target proteins of the disease such as SRC,EGFR,PTGS2,MMP9,HSP90AA1,ESR1.This study provided a scientifi c basis for the development and application of Solanum diphyllum L.

Residual Effects of Sucrose and Hormonal Treatments of the Tuberization Medium on <i>in Vitro</i>Germination of Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>L.) Microtubers

The residual effects of sucrose concentrations (80 or 100 g·L-1) and hormonal treatments (BAP + Kinetin or Coumarin) of tuberization medium on in vitro microtubers germination of three potato varieties (Solanum tuberosum L.) so called Aida, Atlas and Odessa, are described. After 3 weeks of incubation at 28℃ ± 1℃, 70% of Aida microtubers variety, previously formed in the MT2 medium [MS/2 + 80 g·L-1 Sucrose], germinated. The best germination rate for varieties Atlas (100%) and Odessa (66.66%) was obtained on microtubers previously formed in the medium MT2 [MS/2 + 100 g·L-1 Sucrose]. The addition of hormones in the tuberization medium allowed optimizing the microtubers germination of the Aida variety unlike the other varieties. Indeed, for the Aida variety, the combination M5 [Kin 2.5 mg·L-1 + Coum 0.025 mg·L-1 + Sucrose 80 g·L-1] increased the germination rate from 70% up to 93.33%. The best germination rate (90%), noticed with microtubers of Atlas variety, initially formed in M2 medium [Kin 1 mg·L-1 + BAP 1 mg·L-1 + Sucrose 100 g·L-1], was lower than that one (100%) obtained on medium without hormones. For Odessa variety, the maximum germination rate (53.33%) of microtubers, from the medium M4 [Kin 2.5 mg·L-1 + BAP 1 mg·L-1 + Sucrose 100 g·L-1], was also lower than that one (66.66%) observed in the medium without hormones. Aida and Atlas varieties thus offer a better germination rate than Odessa after their cold storage.

Preliminary Findings on Yield Response of Potatoes （Solanum tuberosum） to Umostart Super Zn （11.46,0 ＋ 2 Zn ＋ Humates）

Field trials to determine the yield response of potatoes to Umostart Super Zn （USZ） fertilizer （11.46.0 ＋ 2 Zn ＋ Humates） were carried out in 2004 using the cultivar Tigoni. During the long rains season, the treatments included USZ at 15 kg ha^-1 at planting; 30 kg ha^-1 split into 15 kg ha^-1 at planting and 15 kg ha^-1 during final earthing-up; 30 kg ha^-1 at planting; and 45 kg ha^-1 at planting. Treatments during the short rains included USZ at 30 kg ha^-1 split into 15 kg ha^-1 at planting and 15 kg ha^-1 during final earthing-up; 30 kg ha^-1 at planting; 40 kg ha^-1 at planting; 50 kg ha^-1 at planting; 50 kg ha^-1 split into 25 kg ha^-1 at planting and 25 kg ha^-1 during final earthing-up; and 60 kg ha^-1 at planting. USZ was contrasted with Diammonium phosphate （DAP） fertilizer （18：46：0） at 300 kg ha^-1 and 500 kg ha^-1 applied at planting and a control in which no fertilizer was applied. The DAP 300 kg ha^-1 treatment was however, not included during the long rains season. The highest tuber yields among the USZ treatments were obtained in plots treated with 45 kg ha^-1 （27.11 t ha^-1） during the long rains and 60 kg ha^-1 （55.17 t ha^-1） during the short rains season. Application of USZ resulted in a yield increase of at least 3.90 and 19.06 t ha^-1 during the long and short rains seasons respectively.

Influence of the Size of Potato Microtubers (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>L.) on the Yield of Plants under Semi-Axenic Conditions

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a vegetable that ranks fifth in the world for human consumption. Its importance is growing more and more in the Senegalese diet. However, the potato production in Senegal does not meet the needs of the market, which maintains dependence on the outside for the supply of quality seeds. In addition, these imported seeds do not often have phytosanitary qualities required for local production in the Sahelian zone. The in vitro production of microtubers, used as seed, has been shown to be one of the most efficient means for propagation of basic material. To overcome the constraints linked to the supply and availability of potato seeds, with high germination capacity, the impact of the microtuber size on the yield of the plants under semi-controlled conditions was examined. The pre-germinated microtubers were produced in vitro from vitroplants of 3 different varieties (Aida, Atlas, Odessa) adapted to the edaphic-climatic conditions of Senegal. The effects of the seed sizes of microtubers, greater than 4 mm, sown under semi-controlled conditions, on the yield of the plants, result in an increase in the ratio, in the vegetative development of the plants, but also in the number and size of the minitubers harvested. The yield of the plants also depends on the variety. It can therefore be envisaged to produce local potato seeds from microtubers and minitubers.

醋栗番茄Solanum pimpinellifolium遗传多样性分析

野生种醋栗番茄包含丰富的变异,具有众多优良性状。本研究对从世界不同地区收集的433份醋栗番茄遗传资源进行了表型鉴定及遗传多样性分析。表型鉴定结果表明,在收集的433份醋栗番茄中约有14%为樱桃番茄,370份典型醋栗番茄中约22%的材料存在不同程度的分离。群体变异分析表明,不同性状间变异系数存在较大差异,其中柱头变异系数最大,为56.716%;花瓣数遗传稳定,变异系数最小,为2.082%;相关分析表明,多个性状间存在显著相关性;利用表型和基因型数据聚类均将醋栗番茄群体划分为两大类群;主成分分析表明,坐果率、单果重、可溶性固形物对变异的贡献率较大。研究结果将为利用醋栗番茄进行栽培种番茄遗传改良奠定一定的基础。

野生茄子(Solanum torvum)抗黄萎病相关基因StoVe1的克隆与分析

采用RT-PCR和RACE技术从野生茄子中扩增克隆到一个抗黄萎病相关基因,命名为StoVe1,其cDNA全长3400bp,含有3153bp的完整开放阅读框,编码1051个氨基酸,该基因编码的蛋白序列与刚果野茄、类番茄和番茄Ve1编码的氨基酸序列同源性分别为82%、81%和80%,且有很高的功能区段保守性。将该cDNA全长序列提交GenBank,登陆号为DQ020574。半定量PCR表明该基因为组成型表达,在根中表达最多,叶中最少。

镉对龙葵(Solanum nigrum L．)根系形态及部分生理指标的影响

以龙葵（Solanum nigrum L）为材料，水培法设置了5个镉质量浓度：0、10、25、50、100mg·L^-1进行试验。在处理17d和34d时，分别对其根系形态和部分生理指标进行测定。结果表明：（1）中低质量浓度（10～50mg·L^-1）的镉促进龙葵根系生长，表现在处理17d时其根长、体积均随镉质量浓度升高而增加；高质量浓度（100mg·L^-1）的镉抑制根系生长，表现在处理34d时其根长、体积、直径低于对照，根长达到届著水平。随着镉处理时间的延长，10mg·L^-1促进效果明品，表现为处理34d时其根长、体积、直径均达到最大值，100mg·L^-1抑制程度加剧，表现为其根长、体积、直径均急剧下降；（2）0～50mg·L^-1的Pro含量和质膜透性与对照相比差异不显著，100mg·L^-1 MDA与Pro含量均冠著高于对照，100mg·L^-1的质膜透性在处理34d时比对照增加了58．7％。说明高质量浓度镉使龙葵积累了大量的MDA和Pro，对龙葵表现出毒害作用，而龙葵作为超积累植物对镉胁迫表现出一定的耐性与适应性。

Impact of Organic Soil Amendments on the Physical Characteristics and Yield Components of Potato （Solanum tuberosurn L.） in the Highlands of Cameroon

A field experiment was conducted in the Western Highlands of Cameroon to study the effects of Calliandra calothyrsus, sterilized compost, non-sterilized compost and mineral fertilizers （NPK 11：11：22） on physical characteristics, yield components and late blight disease severity of potato （Solanum tuberosum）. A two factorial treatment combination made up of fertilization schemes and sanitary measures were laid out in a randomized complete block design （RCBD） with four replicates and 10 treatments. Data collected were subjected to a multivariate ANOVA and means separated with the Dunnett t-test with Calliandra calothyrsus considered as the main treatment. Mineral fertilizers and Calliandra calothyrsus significantly augmented stem diameter, plant height and plant vigor, total and marketable yields, despite the fact that late blight severity was high in the two treatments. The correlation matrix showed that total yield had significant and positive correlation with stem diameter （r = 0.74）, plant height （r = 0.61）, plant vigor （r = 0.61） and marketable yield （r = 0.99） and negative correlation （r = -37） with late blight severity. The increase observed is attributed to the nutrient contents of the treatments applied. Leafy prunings of C. calothyrsus increase soil organic matter which probably improves moisture retention and biological activity. The highest late blight severity recorded between the 45 and 60 coincides with active development of plant canopy which influences disease severity and create a canopy microclimate conducive to disease development. This study suggests that Calliandra calothyrsus has the potential of improving potato production provided appropriate fungicide is used.

栽培茄（Solanumme longena L．）和野生种远缘杂交后代的细胞学研究

本文通过观察茄子远缘杂交后代Ｓｏｌａｎｕｍａｅｔｈｉｏｐｉｃｕｍ×Ｓ．ｍｅｌｏｎｇｅｎａＦ１和其双亲的花粉母细胞减数分裂，发现杂种Ｆ１花粉母细胞减数分裂异常，出现单价体、落后染色体和染色体桥等现象，这种减数分裂后期染色体分配不均衡是造成花粉粒败育的原因。

龙葵(Solanum nigrum L.)超富集镉的生理和分子机制研究进展

超富集植物在重金属污染土壤植物修复中具有重要的应用前景,已成为一种重要的生物资源。自2005年发现龙葵(Solanum nigrum L.)能超量富集镉以来,中国国内外围绕其超富集镉的机制和土壤修复应用开展了很多研究。本文从根系对镉的快速吸收、镉从根到地上部的有效转运以及较强的体内解毒功能(如植物细胞的区隔化、抗氧化、有机酸生成、渗透物质调节、光合和呼吸作用的维持以及氮代谢调节等)3个方面,详细综述了龙葵超富集镉的生理和分子机制。在总结相关研究成果的基础上,展望了该领域今后的发展趋势,建议应结合光合生化模型研究龙葵对镉的光合响应机制,并通过基因编辑技术提高修复效率和优化风险评估效果,同时加强镉胁迫下龙葵信号通路的精细调控等方面研究,以期为深入揭示龙葵超富集镉的机制提供参考。