Performance Analysis of a Solar Continuous Adsorption Refrigeration System

A study is conducted on the performances of a solar powered continuous-adsorption refrigerator considering two particular days as references cases,namely,the summer solstice(June 21st)and the autumn equinox(September 21st).The cooling capacity,system performance coefficient and the daily rate of available cooling energy are assessed.The main goal is to compare the performances of a solar adsorption chiller equipped with a hot water tank(HWT)with an equivalent system relying on solar collectors with no heat storage module.The daily cooling rates for the solar refrigerator are found to be 102.4 kWh and 74.3 kWh,respectively,on June 21st and on September 21st,using a total collector’s area of 43.47 m2.The corresponding values for the adsorption chiller equipped with a hot water tank of 2 m3(and using a total collector’s area of 72.45 m2),are 127.1 kWh and 106.13 kWh,respectively.

Exergy Analysis of a Solar Absorption Refrigeration System in Ngaoundere

In this study, the first and second laws of thermodynamics are used to analyze the performance of a single-stage absorption refrigeration system powered by solar energy. The working pair used in this study is LiBr-H2O where water (H2O) is the refrigerant and the lithium bromide (LiBr) is the absorbent. A mathematical model based on exergy analysis is applied to analyse the system performance. Temperature, enthalpy, entropy, mass flow rate and exergy loss of each component including evacuated tube solar collector are evaluated. Furthermore, the overall coefficient of performance (COPcooling) and the overall exergetic coefficient of performance (ECOPcooling) of the solar absorption system (absorption system coupled to an evacuated tube solar collector) for cooling purpose are calculated from the thermodynamic properties of the working fluids under weather conditions of Ngaoundere city, Cameroon. The calculations were done on the basis of a half hourly analysis from 6:30 AM to 6:30 PM. The results were compared and they show that the exergy destruction highly occurs in the generator and the solar collector. The simulation results can be used for the thermodynamics optimization of solar absorption refrigeration systems.

Establishment of a Model for the Calculation of the COP of a Solar Adsorption Refrigerator

This paper deals with the evaluation of the Coefficient of Performance (COP) of solar adsorption refrigeration. In the literature, simulation models to predict the thermal behaviour and the coefficient of performance of these systems are uncommon. This is why we suggest a model to simulate the operation of the machine in a typical hot and dry climate of the city of Ouagadougou. The objective is to provide a model for calculating the COP from the measurement of the ambient temperature and the irradiation of a given site. Starting from mathematical modelling, a resolution and simulation were made with COMSOL software based on the Dubinin-Astakhov adsorption model, the heat transfer balance equations, and the Linear Driving Force (LDF) model to describe the thermal behaviour of the system. A one-week measurement sequence on the adsorption solar refrigerator at the Albert Schweitzer Ecological Centre (CEAS) validated the numerical results. The measurement shows that for the days with high sunshine, the temperature of the reaction medium reaches 110°C, and the pressure reaches 500 mbar. This leads to a production of cold that allows it to reach the temperature of -5°C at the evaporator. Under these conditions, the COP is worth 14%. These results are obtained both by numerical simulation using the COMSOL 5.1 software and after a measurement session on the solar refrigerator available to the CEAS. We obtained an experimental and theoretical coefficient of performance varying between 9% and 14% with a difference of between 0% and 3%. We conclude that our model is suitable to estimate the COP of any device based on its thermal properties, the ambient temperature and the irradiation of a given site.

An Application of Nonlinear Autoregressive(NARX)Model to Predict Adsorbent Bed Temperature of Solar Adsorption Refrigeration System

In any solar adsorption refrigeration system,there are three major components:a solar collector adsorbent bed,a condenser and an evaporator.All of those components operate at different temperature levels.A solar collector with a tubular adsorbent configuration is proposed and numerically investigated.In this study,a nonlinear auto-regressive model with exogenous input is applied for the prediction of adsorbent bed temperature during the heating and desorption period.The developed neuronal model uses the MATLAB Network toolbox to obtain a better configuration network,applying multilayer feed-forward,the TANSIG transfer function,and the back-propagation learning algorithm.The input parameters are ambient temperature and the uncontrolled natural factor of solar radiation.The output network contains a variable representing the adsorbent bed temperature.The values obtained from the network model were compared with the experimental data,and the prediction performance of the network model was examined using various performance parameters.The mean square error(MSE)and the statistical coefficient of determination(R2)values are excellent numerical criteria for evaluating the performance of a prediction tool.A well-trained neural network model produces small MSE and higher R2 values.In the current study,the adsorbent bed temperature results obtained from a neural network with a two neuron in hidden layer and the number of the tapped time-delays d=9 provided a reasonable degree of accuracy:MSE=1.0121 and R2=0.99864 and the index of agreement was 0.9988.This network model,based on a high-performance algorithm,provided reliable and high-precision results concerning the predictable temperature of the adsorbent bed.

Contribution to the Modeling of a Solar Adsorption Refrigerator under the Climatic Conditions of Burkina Faso

This work concerns a dynamic modeling and a numerical simulation of the operation of an adsorption solar refrigeration system using the zeolite-water couple. For this, a mathematical model representing the evolution of heat and mass transfer at each component of the solar adsorption refrigerator has been developed. We have adopted the Dubinin-Astakhov model for the adsorption kinetics of the zeolite/water pair. This model allows to describe the phenomenon of adsorption and to calculate the rate of adsorbate (water) in the zeolite (adsorbent) as a function of the temperature and the pressure. The equations governing the operation of the solar adsorption refrigerator, deduced from the thermal and mass balances established at the collector adsorber, condenser and evaporator components, were solved by an implicit finite difference scheme and Gauss Seidel’s iterative method. We have validated the model established by applying it to the model of Allouhi et al. 2014. We analyzed the influence of the adsorbate/adsorbent couples, the solar flux, the ambient temperature on the adsorption and desorption process. The temperature profiles obtained representing the temperature evolution of the glass, the absorbent plate, the zeolite-water mixture, the condenser, the evaporator, as well as the pressure and the adsorbed mass allowed us to evaluate the performance of the solar adsorption refrigerator. SCOP is higher the higher the solar flux captured by the collector-adsorber.

Thermal Analysis and Experimental Validation of Parabolic Trough Collector for Solar Adsorption Refrigerator

This work presents an algorithm able to simulate the heating of a solar collector throughout the day. The discussed collector is part of a solar adsorption refrigerator, and is used to regenerate the activated carbon contained inside a cylindrical recipient (absorber), which is located in the focal line of a parabolic trough concentrator. The developed algorithm takes into account all the transfer mechanisms when analyzing the heat transfers taking place between the collector’s components and the environment, as well as the transfer mechanisms towards the absorber’s interior. The temperature evolution for the collector’s elements is obtained, and the model is validated by comparing the experimentally measured surface temperature of the absorber with the one determined by the algorithm. The experimental data were gathered from similar collectors in two different scenarios: Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic) and Buenos Aires (Argentina). The model is satisfactorily validated with experimental data.

Dynamic Simulation of Solid Adsorption Solar Refrigerator System with AC/CH₃OH as a Working Pair

Solid adsorption system, one of alternative refrigeration systems, is utilized to provide cold for refrigerator or air-conditioner and can be operated by assistance of solar heat. System performance study through computer usage to develop simulation program and simulate behaviors of system operation can give designed system which suits for user’s need. Also, the present study aims to develop dynamic simulation program of solid adsorption refrigeration system operated by solar assistance to simulate behaviors of system operation and its performance. Flat plate collectror is utilized to provide thermal energy for system’s adsorber and activated carbon/methanol is used to be a suitable working pair. Simulation procedure starts with various solar radiation intensities as input energy on solar collector and water is used as collector working fluid. Behavior of system operation can be considered to be 4 steps as isosteric heating, isobaric desorption, isosteric cooling and isobaric adsorption, respectively. This research studies the effect of varying solar radiation intensity on temperature, pressure of adsorber, adsorption ratio at each steps of system operated ranging from 6:00 am (the first day) to 6:00 am (the next day) and system performance which is defined as coefficient of performance, COP. In addition, the simulation result shows monthly average COP of 0.43 compared to a result of another previous research work under the same operating condition and the percentage error is 7.5%.

A simulation study on a solar driving adsorption chiller with heat and mass recovery

Effects of the cycle time,the mass recovery time and the hot water tank capacity on the performance of the chiller had been investigated.And these results also provided a proposal for the chiller driven by solar energy to work under the optimum working conditions,such as hot water circulation mode,cycle time and mass recovery time.

Multi-objective evolutionary optimization and thermodynamics performance assessment of a novel time-dependent solar Li-Br absorption refrigeration cycle

This research paper aims to perform dynamics analysis,3E assessment including energy,exergy,exergoeconomic,and the multiobjective evolutionary optimization on a novel solar Li-Br absorption refrigeration cycle.The research is time-dependent,owing to solar radiation variability during different timelines.Theoretically,all the necessary thermodynamic,energy,and exergy equations are applied initially.This is followed by the thermoeconomic analysis,which takes place after defining the designing variables during the thermoeconomic optimization process and is presented together with the economic relations of the system and its thermoeconomic characteristics.Furthermore,the sensitivity analysis is undertaken,the source of system inefficiency is determined,the multi-objective evolutionary optimization of the whole system is carried out,and the optimal values are compared with the primary stage.Engineering Equation Solver(EES)software has been used to accomplish comprehensive analyses.As part of the validation process,the results of the research are compared with those published previously and are found to be relatively consistent.

太阳能-余热联合驱动吸收过冷CO_(2)制冷-淡水联产系统性能分析

为了同时满足制冷和淡水的共同需求,提出了太阳能-余热联合驱动吸收过冷CO_(2)制冷-淡水联产系统(AbsCWCS),在提高CO_(2)制冷系统能效的同时可生产淡水。建立系统的热力学模型,分析了环境温度和太阳辐射强度对系统能效(COP)的影响。此外,为进一步分析气候条件的影响,选取5个典型缺水城市,对年度性能系数(APF)和年淡水产量进行了评估。结果表明:Abs-CWCS的COP和淡水产量均显著提升,与基础CO_(2)增压制冷-淡水联产系统(Base-CWCS)相比,COP提高了1.95%~41.02%,淡水产量增加了0.8~28.6倍,Abs-CWCS的CO_(2)制冷系统排气压力可降低7.86%;AbsCWCS可有效提高系统的APF,5个典型缺水城市的APF可提升3.66%,年淡水产量的提升率可达9.54%~64.62%。研究结果为同时解决制冷和淡水需求提供了可靠的解决方案。

太阳能吸收式制冷系统及其蓄能技术研究

在分析国内外现有太阳能吸收式制冷系统的基础上,从太阳能集热器、蓄能形式、辅助热源、吸收式冷水机组以及太阳能集热器与吸收式冷水机组的匹配等方面详细阐述太阳能吸收式制冷系统及其蓄能技术的发展现状,并对太阳能制冷空调系统的控制策略、优化分析及理论研究进行总结,最后指出太阳能吸收式制冷系统及其蓄能技术的发展方向。

太阳能制冷技术在多年冻土区的研究及应用

全球气候变暖趋势下,多年冻土地基的赋存环境发生变化,导致多年冻土区路基的下沉现象较为普遍,为保证多年冻土地基的稳定,急需新型技术以应对带来的多年冻土工程稳定性挑战。该文重点介绍太阳能吸附式制冷在维护多年冻土中的机理及作用,通过分析青藏高原丰富的太阳能资源,探讨太阳能吸附式制冷在保护多年冻土地基热稳定中的潜力。研究结果表明,太阳能吸附式制冷技术在多年冻土区能够充分利用丰富的太阳光照作为热源动力,实现持续制冷,有效保护冻土地基。该文还讨论太阳能热棒技术的现状和未来发展方向,指出其作为一种环保、节能的制冷方式,在应对全球气候变暖和保护寒区工程热稳定方面具有广阔的应用前景。

Performance Analysis and Evaluation of a Supercritical CO2 Rankine Cycle Coupled with an Absorption Refrigeration Cycle

The utilization of sensible waste heat such as flue gas and industrial surplus heat is essential for energy saving. Supercritical CO2 power generation cycle is a promising way to be used in this field. In this paper, a new supercritical CO2 Rankine cycle coupled with an absorption refrigeration cycle is proposed, which consists of a reheating supercritical CO2 cycle, a mixed-effect Li Br-H2O absorption refrigeration cycle and solar subsystem including evacuated-tube collector and a hot water storage tank. The system has four variants according to the presence or absence of solar subsystem and net cooling energy output. The thermodynamic model of the proposed system was established and its performance was evaluated. The proposed system is able to realize cascade utilization of flue gas waste heat and efficient conversion of solar energy. It has much higher thermodynamic efficiency than the reference system(i.e., the conventional supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle). Taking combined power and cooling system driven by flue gas waste heat and solar energy as an example, its thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency are 20.37% and 54.18% respectively, compared with the 14.74% and 35.96% of the reference system. Energy Utilization Diagrams(EUD) are implemented to investigate the irreversible losses and variation of the exergy destruction in the energy conversion process. Parametric analysis in two key parameters is conducted to provide guidance for the system optimal design.

太阳能光伏-内燃机发电及余热利用系统热力学分析

对利用太阳能和生物质能的联合冷热电系统(CCHP)进行热力学分析。系统由内燃机和太阳能光伏电池供电,由吸收式制冷及热水系统进行余热回收。太阳能光伏电池采用五参数模型,内燃机为零维、单区模型。分析转速和压比对内燃机输出功率、排气排放物和气缸内传热的影响。结果显示:太阳能光伏电池效率为14%,日发电量500 kWh;内燃机热效率可以达到37%。转速提高后,整体CCHP电效率提高2.8%,余热利用效率提高10%。内燃机的压缩比增大后,CCHP电效率增大0.52%,整体冷热电效率几乎不变。整个CCHP系统电效率为20%,冷热电联合效率可以达到40%。

深度除湿技术在低湿行业中的应用及研究进展

湿度控制对工业生产有着重要意义。在锂电池、制药、食品等行业中,低湿环境是产业有效发展的重要保障。本文首先调研了相关低湿行业的除湿需求;然后介绍了为保障低湿环境需求而常用的深度除湿技术,包括冷冻除湿、液体吸收除湿、固体吸附除湿、膜除湿及多技术联合除湿,并针对低湿环境需求与除湿技术进行了匹配分析;接着介绍了常见深度除湿技术的最新研究进展及一些新型除湿技术,如电解质膜除湿、电渗析除湿等;最后对深度除湿技术的应用及研究进行了总结与展望。

太阳热水器—冰箱复合机性能实验研究

对一种新型的可同时供热和制冷的太阳热水器—冰箱复合机装置进行了实验研究 ,采用电加热模拟实验 ,在热水箱内放入 2 2℃的水 ,加入热量 6 1MJ后得到 92℃热水 12 0kg ,和 - 1 5℃冰 9kg ,系统制冷COPsystem 为 0 0 5 91,制冷循环COPcycle为 0 4 1。对现有的热水器—制冰复合机进行改装使之具有真正的冰箱功能后 ,热水箱内放入 2 1℃的水12 0kg ,冷凝温度控制在 30℃左右 ,装置加热输入 5 5MJ热量后 ,结果发现蒸发器中的 4kg蓄冷剂—水都结为 - 2℃的冰 ,用这些冰和制冷剂冷量可使 10 0L冰箱内温度保持低于 5℃达 3天之久。该实验结果为将来利用太阳能作为驱动源进行制冷和供热的吸附式制冷装置的商品化打下了基础。

太阳能吸附器中强化热传导性能的实验研究

针对太阳能吸附式制冷循环过程中，吸附剂热传导性能低的特点，研究采用高分子复合强化吸附剂提高其传热性能。发现少量导热高分子材料在吸附剂颗粒表面形成均匀连续的导热网，可使吸附剂的有效导热系数提高２—４倍，且吸附性能变化不大。

一个用太阳能驱动的新型吸收制冷循环

提出了一个由太阳能驱动的新型吸收制冷循环。论文将热变器原理用于吸收制冷，从而大大提高了吸收制冷的循环效率。详细介绍该新型循环的热力学模型，同时以一个典型的太阳日照为例，计算了新循环的性能系数（ＣＯＰ）、冷凝热、理论极限制冷温度和制冷量，并与传统循环进行了比较。结果表明，新循环不仅克服了传统循环在热源工况不稳定时将导致系统工况不稳定甚至不能工作的缺点，而且还具有更高ＣＯＰ值。

太阳能驱动吸收式与吸附式制冷技术的比较分析研究

介绍了太阳能吸收式制冷技术与吸附式制冷技术,并对这2种技术的原理特性、应用领域、工质对、系统结构、效率损失等问题进行了比较分析研究。研究表明:吸收式技术制冷系数高,但吸附式制冷对驱动热源的温度要求低;2种制冷技术的制冷性能与集热器、发生器、吸收器、吸附床和工质对等的特性密切相关。本文为提高太阳能制冷的效率和应用领域、促进太阳能制冷技术的发展提供了一定的技术方向和理论参考。