This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of black soldier fly(BSF)replacing soybean meal(SBM)in diets on the performance and health condition of piglets.A total of 180 weaned piglets were alloca...This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of black soldier fly(BSF)replacing soybean meal(SBM)in diets on the performance and health condition of piglets.A total of 180 weaned piglets were allocated into 5 treatments:BSF0(corn-soybean meal basal diet),BSF25(BSF replacing 25%SBM),BSF50(BSF replacing 50%SBM),BSF75(BSF replacing 75%SBM)and BSF100(BSF replacing 100%SBM).During the whole period,in comparison with BSF0,average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake increased in the BSF25 and BSF50 groups,whereas ADG decreased in the BSF75 and BSF100groups(P<0.05).The result of quadratic fitting curve showed that piglets exhibited the highest ADG when BSF replaced around 20%SBM.Compared with BSF0,organic matter and dry matter digestibility improved in the BSF25 group,whereas ether extract digestibility decreased in the BSF100 group(P<0.05).In comparison with BSF0,piglets from the BSF25 group showed a higher duodenal ratio of villus height to crypt depth,increased jejunal sucrase activity,serum neuropeptide Y and ghrelin levels,elevated ileal immunoglobulin(Ig)A,Ig G and Ig M contents and a lower leptin level,and piglets from the BSF100 group exhibited an increased relative weight of kidney(P<0.05).However,no significant differences were observed in the expression level of tight junction proteins and chitin-degrading enzyme.Additionally,compared with BSF0,the abundance of short chain fatty acid producing bacteria such as Ruminococcaceae,Faecalibacterium and Butyricicoccus increased,and potential pathogenic bacteria decreased in piglets from the BSF25 group,whereas piglets from the BSF100 group had a greater abundance of harmful bacteria.In conclusion,BSF replacing 25%SBM in diets could improve digestive parameters,immune function and intestinal microbiota,and thus improved growth performance of piglets.However,BSF replacing 100%SBM showed an adverse effect on piglet performance,and the reason might be related to the limited amount of chitin-degrading enzyme.展开更多
基金financially supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD1300202)S&T Program of Hebei(199A7310H)。
文摘This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of black soldier fly(BSF)replacing soybean meal(SBM)in diets on the performance and health condition of piglets.A total of 180 weaned piglets were allocated into 5 treatments:BSF0(corn-soybean meal basal diet),BSF25(BSF replacing 25%SBM),BSF50(BSF replacing 50%SBM),BSF75(BSF replacing 75%SBM)and BSF100(BSF replacing 100%SBM).During the whole period,in comparison with BSF0,average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake increased in the BSF25 and BSF50 groups,whereas ADG decreased in the BSF75 and BSF100groups(P<0.05).The result of quadratic fitting curve showed that piglets exhibited the highest ADG when BSF replaced around 20%SBM.Compared with BSF0,organic matter and dry matter digestibility improved in the BSF25 group,whereas ether extract digestibility decreased in the BSF100 group(P<0.05).In comparison with BSF0,piglets from the BSF25 group showed a higher duodenal ratio of villus height to crypt depth,increased jejunal sucrase activity,serum neuropeptide Y and ghrelin levels,elevated ileal immunoglobulin(Ig)A,Ig G and Ig M contents and a lower leptin level,and piglets from the BSF100 group exhibited an increased relative weight of kidney(P<0.05).However,no significant differences were observed in the expression level of tight junction proteins and chitin-degrading enzyme.Additionally,compared with BSF0,the abundance of short chain fatty acid producing bacteria such as Ruminococcaceae,Faecalibacterium and Butyricicoccus increased,and potential pathogenic bacteria decreased in piglets from the BSF25 group,whereas piglets from the BSF100 group had a greater abundance of harmful bacteria.In conclusion,BSF replacing 25%SBM in diets could improve digestive parameters,immune function and intestinal microbiota,and thus improved growth performance of piglets.However,BSF replacing 100%SBM showed an adverse effect on piglet performance,and the reason might be related to the limited amount of chitin-degrading enzyme.
文摘目的探讨运动处方(exercise prescription,EP)对特种兵跳伞训练应激相关情绪的干预效果。方法从2016年4-7月参加陆军某学院承训的陆军特种作战部队特种兵跳伞技能培训的集训学员中抽取40名作为研究对象,用随机数字表法分为研究组(n=19)和对照组(n=20)。研究组采用运动处方的干预训练方法,对照组未接受运动处方干预。通过心境状态量表(profile of mood states scale, POMS)、急性应激反应量表(acute stress response scale,ASRS)及敏感生理生化指标的监测,比较两组学员跳伞应激相关情绪的调适效果。结果通过为期8周的运动处方训练,研究组应激相关情绪POMS心境状态量表测试表明,各因子的健康水平有较大的改善,与对照组相比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。研究组消极情绪下降了21.48分,积极情绪增长了12.38分,而对照组消极和积极情绪变化不明显。在急性应激水平表达方面,与对照组相比,研究组ASRS测试各项目因子得分明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。血液生理生化指标显示:与对照组相比,研究组ANP、Ang-Ⅱ、ET三项敏感指标明显下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论运动处方干预可有效改善特种兵空降作战跳伞应激情绪的不良反应。
