Sonodynamic cancer therapy by novel iridium-gold nanoassemblies

Metal-based compounds with excellent photo-physical properties show good photochemotherapeutic performance.But,low in-depth tissue penetration of light limits their effectivity for deeply buried tumors.Encouraged by the sonosensitizing ability of the traditional organic photosensitizers,here,we developed AuNPs@Ir1 as a sonosensitizer by hybridizing an organometallic Ir(Ⅲ) complex(Ir1) with ultrasmall gold nanoparticles(AuNPs) for efficient tumor sonodynamic therapy(SDT) for the first time.AuNPs@Ir1 rapidly entered the cancer cells,produced ^(1)O_(2),and catalytically oxidized NADH to NAD;under ultrasound(US)irradiation,thus resulted in cancer cells oncosis.Because of efficient passive retention in tumors post intravenous injection,AuNPs@Ir1 further efficiently inhibited the growth of tumors in-vivo under US stimulation without long-term toxicity to other organs.Overall,this work presents the excellent US triggered in-vitro and in-vivo anticancer profile of the novel AuNPs@Ir1.It is expected to increase the scope of SDT for metal-based anticancer drugs.

Highly efficient sono-piezo-photo synergistic catalysis in bismuth layered ferroelectrics via finely distinguishing sonochemical and electromechanochemical processes

Ultrasonic stimulation induced polarization behaviors in ferroelectric materials have been extensively explored in catalytic degradations.However,the ultrasonic wave similarly can realize dye degradation by the sonocatalysis behavior,which is always neglected in most reports on in-situ ultrasound-induced piezoelectric catalysis,so that people might overestimate piezocatalytic contributions.For this,we designed a series of visible light sensitive bismuth layered ferroelectric materials(BLFMs),M_(0.5)Bi_(2.5)Nb_(2)O_(9)(MBN,M=Li,Na,and K).It is found that the cavitation-induced degradation rates of Rhodamine B(RhB)strongly depend mechanical stirring speeds under a fixed ultrasonic power,which gradually increases with it,and reaches 77.9%(500 rpm and 3 h).Under lower stirring speed and reaction time(<50 rpm and 2 h),the cavitation effect is almost negligible,only piezocatalysis behavior occurs,which can be used as a key condition to distinguish the piezocatalysis and sonocatalysis.In particular,the degradation rate constant of Na_(0.5)Bi_(2.5)Nb_(2)O_(9) catalyst reaches up to 4.943×10^(-2) min^(-1) by the coupling of sonocatalysis,piezocatalysis and photocatalysis,which is much higher than that of single photocatalysis(0.491×10^(-2) min^(-1)),piezocatalytic(1.6×10^(-3) min^(-1)),and sonocatalysis(0.756×10^(-2) min^(-1)).These results may provide a feasible strategy of further improving catalytic degradation efficiency,and accurately determining the sonocatalysis and piezocatalysis contribution.