Spatiotemporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Urban-rural Construction Land in Rural Industrialized Areas in China:Case Studies in Changyuan City and Xinxiang County of Henan Province

Since China’s reform and opening up in 1978,the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization in China had led to dramatic changes in the pattern of urban-rural land use.In this paper,we focused on the rural industrialized areas in central China(Xinxiang County and Changyuan City of Henan Province).We used the average nearest neighbor index,spatial statistical analysis,and a structural equation model to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors of urban-rural construction land based on multisource spatial data and survey data.The results showed that:1)from 1975 to 2019,the spatial distribution of urban-rural construction land in rural industrialized areas had evolved from homogeneous distribution to local agglomeration.In terms of comparative analysis of cases,the spatial distribution of urban-rural construction land in Changyuan City had shown a trend from diffusion to agglomeration,and Xinxiang County had overall shown a spatial change from homogenization to agglomeration and then to regional integration development.2)The hot spots with increased urban-rural construction land significantly expanded,and they had a high degree of spatial overlap with industrial development.Among them,Xinxiang County was concentrated in central and marginal areas,and Changyuan was mainly concentrated in central urban areas.3)From the evolution of spatial proximity of urban-rural construction land,rural industrialized areas generally decline,showing the characteristics of internal differentiation in the rate of change.4)Industrial development,social economy,the policy environment,and urban development played a positive role in promoting the expansion of urban-rural construction land in rural industrialized areas.To promote the optimal use of regional land and the integrated development of urban-rural areas,we should combine the advantages of regional endowment,formulate development strategies according to local conditions,and adjust the way that land is used in a timely manner.

Countermeasures and Investigation of Land Circulation in Less Developed Agricultural Area of Henan Province,China

Some places in Henan Province are investigated by using sample surveys and interviews. Result shows that land circulation in less developed agricultural area of Henan Province has the characteristics of small scale,single form,short period,and circulation land in economic core region. Problems in land circulation are as follows:slow transfer of rural surplus labor force,hard implementation of fundamental land circulation,complicated mentality towards rural land circulation,many misgivings about land circulation,the unformed social service system of land circulation,and imperfect agricultural risk prevention mechanism for circulated land use. Based on the characteristics of land circulation,suggestions for promoting the land circulation of less developed agricultural areas are put forward in order to solve the problems in land circulation and to lay the foundation for effective implementation of land circulation,such as speeding up the development of urbanization,developing the circulation of collective land,effectively implementing the laws and regulations of rural collective land circulation,transferring land according to law,establishing market mechanism of agricultural land circulation,promoting the agricultural industrialization,establishing market mechanism of agricultural land circulation,promoting the agricultural industrialization,energetically readjusting rural industrial structure,and developing economy with local characteristics.

RURAL INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA'S LESS DEVELOPED AREAS: A CASE STUDY OF HENAN PROVINCE

Since the early 1980s, China's rural industry has gained rapid growth. However. the development of China's rural industry, like the development of the national economy as a whole, is characterized by great regional imbalance. From the economically developed coastal areas to. The hinterland and western frontier areas, the level of rural industrialization ebbs progressively. How to narrow down this imbalance and to speed up the development of rural industry in the less developed areas is one of the most important tasks in China's economic reform and development. The paper adopts an approach of combining statistical data analysis with typical case study to this research with special reference to Henan Province.

Petrology and Geochronology of Monzonite Porphyry Intruding in Xiong'er Volcanic Rocks in Xiaoshan Area, Western Henan Province

Xiong’er volcanic rocks cover an area of more than6×104 km2 along the southern margin of North China Craton.The Xiong’er group has been divided,from bottom to top,into the Dagushi,Xushan,Jidanping and

Child Mortality Patterns in Rural Areas of Anhui and Henan Provinces in China, 1990

County-based IMR and U5MR in Anhui and Henan provinces in China were estimated and analyzed by using the 1990 Census Data. Census was conducted on July 1,1990, the number of deaths only occurred in the first half year of 1990 was collected. In order to obtain the total population and total number of deaths in the same year, the total number of deaths in each eqersex group for the whole 1990 was then estimated by taking the death number in the first half of 1990 as the base and multiplying a coefficient, which varied in different age-sex-region groups. Two major adjustments for some possible underreporting cases in female birth and infant death were made. If the sex ratio at age 0 in some counties was beyond 1. 2, then it was taken as 1. 15 for rural counties and 1.10 for urban cities, which were the estimates of sex ratios for the children at ape 5 in the national 1% Population Sampling Survey in 1995. The adjustment for IMR were made by comparing the segment of the county lift table from age 15 through 59 with that from the same age groups in the international and Chinese Model Life Tables. The IMR in the county life table would be substituted by the one in the closest Model Life Talbe, if it was less than in the latter.The findings of the analysis may be summarized as fol1ows: (i) Total county-based IMR and U5MR were 33. 4 Per 1000 and 41. 4 per 1000 respectively, with great variations between urban cities (25. 4 per 1000 for IMR and 31. 4 per 1 000 for U5MR) and rural counties (35. 1 Per 1000 for IMR and 43. 6 per 1000 for U5MR). There were also sighficant differences in child mortality between nationally identified Poor counties and other counties in rural areas. In the opr counties the total IMR was 40. 7 per 1 000 living births in average while in non-opr counties it was only 33. 2 per 1000 in average (P < 0.05). The U5MR in opr counties was 25 percent higher than in non-opr counties (51. 5 vs 40. 9 Per 1 000 living births).(ii) Statistically significant correlation between child mortality and socio-economic variables was revealed from the data set, among which gross social economic products per capita was found to have the strongest relationship with child mortality. The neqative correlation was found between child mortality and a set of socalled' rich' variables including the gross social products, gr-oss agricultural products, gna industrial products and the proportions of high-educated population at county level, whereas the poSitive correlation was found between child mortality and a set of'poor' variables, such as proportions Of residents with lower 1evel of education and illiteracy rate.(iii) thfferences in child mortality between these two provinces were found, which were identical to the trends of differences in socio-economic indicators between them.tower child mortality proved to be associated with better socio-economic conditions(higher per capita products, higher proPortions of residents with higher level of education, lower proportion of less educated people and illiteracy) in province Henan.

河南省嵩县九仗沟-东湾金矿区深部地球物理特征与找矿预测

深部金属矿探测是目前资源勘查的重要课题和方向,地球物理方法探测深度大、分辨率高,是深部金属矿探测最有效的手段之一。河南省嵩县九仗沟—东湾矿区处于熊耳山—外方山矿集区内的蛮峪—店房金矿带之北段,目前九仗沟—东湾矿区已发现的金矿床主要为500 m以浅深度,深部(500~2000 m)找矿勘查工作基本为空白。为了查明九仗沟—东湾矿区深、边部成矿潜力,实现接替资源找矿突破,在九仗沟—东湾矿区主矿段南北两端延伸方向上,布设EH-4双源大地电磁测深和大功率激电测深剖面。以九仗沟—东湾金矿床为背景,在分析地质背景、岩石物理性质基础上,综合区域重磁资料、物探剖面反演结果,分析各物探方法异常特征,厘清了研究区内与金矿有关的F1构造破碎蚀变带深部空间分布特征等信息,揭示了研究区内深部F1构造带附近的中低电阻、高极化区为找矿有利部位,根据此特征在500~2000 m深度范围内确定了4个深部预测找矿靶区,为下一步找矿勘查提供了相关依据。研究方法和成果为区域上开展同类型金矿床的深部找矿工作提供了思路和方向,具有重要的指导和实践意义。

河南矿区高灰细泥煤泥水的絮凝沉降试验研究

目的随着采煤机械化程度的提高和重介质选煤工艺普及,入选浮煤泥中高灰细泥的含量逐渐增加。高灰细泥是影响煤泥水沉降效率的最直接因素,对煤泥水中的高灰细泥进行处理,直接关系着煤炭资源生产和水资源利用。针对河南矿区煤泥水具有高灰细泥的特性,方法通过设计正交试验测试不同种类的絮凝剂和搅拌速度对煤泥水的沉降率的影响及其之间的相互作用的效果,提高煤泥水沉降效率。结果结果表明:六偏磷酸钠与聚丙烯酰胺的分散性能及絮凝性能更优,搅拌速度、六偏磷酸钠用量、聚丙烯酰胺用量对高灰细泥煤泥水沉降率的影响程度依次减小,搅拌速度和聚丙烯酰胺用量之间的相互关系对沉降率影响最为显著;当六偏磷酸钠用量40.08 mg/L、聚丙烯酰胺用量5.75 mg/L、搅拌速度411.12 r/min,沉降率可达95.5%,沉降率提高的原因在于高灰细泥絮凝过程中絮团成球明显,絮凝剂的桥接作用可以使分散颗粒聚团并发展为球形,长条不规则颗粒明显减少,颗粒群粒形的改变有助于煤泥水的沉降,在一定搅拌速度下粒形保持较为规整,可增加沉降概率,使煤泥水得以有效沉降。结论通过改善煤泥水中颗粒的粒度粒形特性,可以有效提高河南矿区高灰细泥煤泥水的沉降效率。研究结果可为处理高灰细泥煤泥水提供理论支持和实践参考。

河南省引黄受水区水利高质量发展评价

为深入探讨河南省引黄受水区水利高质量发展的现状,构建了以水利高质量发展目标、途径、条件为子系统的评价指标体系,运用SMI-P法进行系统评价,并采用障碍度模型方法识别影响水利高质量发展的关键制约因素。结果表明:2011—2020年河南省引黄受水区的水利高质量发展水平整体呈现上升趋势,郑州、开封、洛阳、焦作、许昌、三门峡、周口、济源八市在2020年初步达到较高水平;从发展维度分析,目标、途径、条件3个子系统均呈现优化趋势,其中途径子系统的支撑作用尤为显著;河南省引黄受水区水利高质量发展的关键制约因素包括人均水资源量、水资源总量、人均GDP、万元GDP废水排放量、人均生活用水量、排水管道密度以及供水综合生产能力等,据此提出了改进建议。

河南省引黄受水区农业水资源安全综合评价

农业水资源安全对粮食安全、生态环境和农村经济发展意义重大。为推动区域农业水资源高效利用和可持续发展,综合考虑不确定性和复杂性因素的影响,采用序关系分析法、熵权法、TOPSIS法,选取水资源禀赋、生态环境和水资源利用3个子系统11个指标,构建评价指标体系,评估2022年河南省引黄受水区14个地级市的农业水资源安全状况。结果表明:14个地级市中除开封市为水资源“不安全”等级以及新乡市、鹤壁市、濮阳市为水资源“一般安全”等级外,其他10个地级市均为水资源“较安全”等级,距离“安全”等级还有一定距离。建议采取提升水质、增加可利用水资源量、调整作物种植结构、提高水资源利用效率、实施最严格水资源管理制度等措施,保障河南省引黄受水区农业水资源安全。

2013-2018年河南省农村地区育龄女性低体重、超重和肥胖流行趋势分析

目的:分析2013-2018年河南省农村地区育龄女性低体重、超重和肥胖的流行趋势。方法:研究对象为2013-2018年河南省农村地区参加国家免费孕前优生健康检查项目的3686404名育龄女性。根据BMI,计算低体重率、超重率和肥胖率,并以2020年全国人口年龄构成进行标化。采用Joinpoint回归分析标化体重率、超重率和肥胖率的年度变化百分比和年均变化百分比(AAPC)。结果:河南省农村地区育龄女性标化低体重率由2013年的6.36%下降至2018年的4.72%,AAPC(95%CI)为-6.14%(-6.20%~-6.09%);标化超重率由2013年的19.77%上升至2018年的23.78%,AAPC(95%CI)为4.19%(1.64%~6.80%);标化肥胖率由2013的4.88%上升至2018年的6.89%,AAPC(95%CI)为7.77%(4.68%~10.96%)。2013-2018年河南省山区和丘陵地区标化超重率和肥胖率年均增长速度均高于平原地区。结论:河南省农村地区育龄女性超重肥胖问题日益严峻,应结合各区域特点加强体重管理指导。

河南省氮素农业面源污染风险评价与关键管控区识别

农业面源污染是我国水环境保护面临的重要问题,风险评价对于农业面源污染防治具有重要意义。本研究以河南省为研究区域,采用层次分析法的分级赋值方法,基于熵值法和专家打分确定各影响因子权重,构建河南省氮素农业面源污染风险多因子综合评价模型,计算河南省氮素农业面源污染风险指数并在流域尺度上进行验证,划分氮素农业面源污染的风险等级并识别关键管控区。结果表明:种植源、养殖源和生活源分别贡献河南省31.52%、38.47%和30.01%的氮素流失负荷,流失负荷呈现为西低,中、东部高的特点。河南省有39 429 km^(2)的区域存在中风险,约占河南省总面积的23.61%,有17 318 km^(2)的区域存在高风险,约占总面积的10.37%;划定距河流2 km以内的中、高风险区为一般管控区和重点管控区,面积分别为10 982 km^(2)和9 285 km^(2)。通过与同期水质自动监测数据进行相关分析,决定系数为0.82,表明模型模拟结果具有较高的精准度。综合结果表明,建立的多因子综合评价模型具有科学性和准确性,可用于氮素农业面源污染风险的识别。

河南省可持续发展实验区发展水平评价及推进策略

可持续发展实验区在区域协调发展中发挥着重要的示范引领作用,文章突破聚焦于东部省市可持续发展实验区研究成果,针对河南省可持续发展实验区现状分别从经济、社会、资源和环境四个方面,共分4组24个评价指标构建发展水平评价指标体系,并以2015—2019年河南省内13个国家级、20个省级可持续发展实验区为研究对象,结合河南省地域发展特征对其可持续发展水平进行综合分析与评价.结果表明:(1)整体来看,河南省可持续发展实验区可持续发展水平有所降低,科技创新能力有待提高;(2)从层级上来看,国家级可持续发展实验区发展较为平稳,省级可持续发展实验区在空间上呈现动态集聚;(3)从发展类型来看,城镇型实验区可持续发展水平随着城市化进程加快正逐渐降低;粮食主产区内实验区经济发展对于其可持续发展水平具有正向促进作用.因此,对河南省可持续发展实验区进行分级管控、分类施策,同时,强化技术创新提高整体河南省可持续发展水平,能够更充分发挥河南省可持续发展实验区引领带动区域可持续发展的作用.

乡村振兴背景下河南省实现共同富裕的路径研究

共同富裕是社会主义的本质要求,是中国式现代化的重要特征。乡村振兴不仅是实现农业强国的重要举措,也是实现共同富裕目标的必由之路。在乡村振兴背景下河南省实现共同富裕面临着城乡贫富差距显著、农业现代化发展水平低、基层人才资源匮乏等现实问题。为实现共同富裕目标,需要全面实施乡村振兴战略,精准定位、综合施策,要坚持巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果,推动构建新型农业产业体系,全面加强人才队伍建设,高质量推进乡村振兴带领广大农民走上共同富裕之路,谱写新时代乡村发展新篇章。

河南省粮食主产区耕地生态安全时空格局变化及其驱动因素

【目的】揭示河南省粮食主产区耕地生态安全时空格局变化及其驱动因素。【方法】以河南省耕地为研究对象,运用“压力-状态-响应”(PSR)模型、综合指数法、阻力诊断模型,选取15个关键指标,对河南省粮食主产区2007、2012、2017、2022年耕地生态安全时空格局的演变特征及驱动因子进行研究。【结果】2007—2022年河南省粮食主产区耕地生态安全水平呈先下降后上升的变化特征,高安全等级和低安全等级的数量都以相对较高的速度变化,生态安全综合指数由2007年的0.342上升到2022年的0.435。河南省各市耕地生态安全空间分布格局差异显著,敏感级别主要分布在河南省中部,一般安全级别和比较安全级别分布在河南省东部,风险级别分布靠近边缘区域。影响河南省粮食主产区耕地生态安全时空格局的主要阻力因子为单位耕地面积化肥施用量(26.1%)、人均耕地面积(18.69%)、人均水资源量(18.45%)。【结论】2007—2022年河南省耕地生态安全时空格局发生了显著变化,耕地生态安全总体处于一般安全级。提高农业资源效率,减少化肥和农药施用量,确保农田生态与粮食安全之间的长期良性互动,对优化河南省耕地生态安全格局至关重要。研究结果可为优化河南省粮食主产区耕地生态安全格局,保障国家粮食安全提供决策依据。

河南省栾川—嵩县地区萤石矿床稀土元素地球化学特征及成因

本文总结了河南省栾川—嵩县地区萤石矿床的地质特征,并研究矿床的萤石稀土元素特征,以探讨矿床的成矿物质来源、成矿流体演化以及矿床成因。结果显示,栾川—嵩县地区萤石矿床的萤石样品ΣREE含量范围7.17×10^(–6)~178.02×10^(–6),平均值67.85×10^(–6),LREE/HREE值范围0.30~4.31,平均值1.80,δEu范围0.21~1.04,平均值0.64, δCe范围0.11~0.93,平均值0.76。萤石矿床的萤石稀土元素配分曲线形态整体上具有平坦型特点,萤石呈中等Eu和Ce负异常。通过对比萤石矿床的萤石、地层岩石和中生代花岗岩的稀土元素特征及分析各地质体主要成矿元素Ca和F的丰度,认为研究区大规模萤石成矿的物质主要来源于太华群、熊耳群地层,其次是中生代花岗岩体或岩浆期后热液;大气降水的参与以及成矿流体的运移是成矿流体由还原环境向氧化环境逐渐过渡的主要因素。萤石稀土元素La/Ho-Y/Ho关系图表明,萤石成矿在大尺度时间范围内具有同源性、小尺度时间范围内具有同源不同期性的特点。栾川—嵩县地区萤石矿床是由地层岩石、花岗岩体或者岩浆期后热液提供成矿物质、大气降水为成矿流体的主体、岩浆后期冷却提供成矿驱动热量、受断裂控制的热液型矿床。

基于AHP-集对分析法的河南煤炭采空区地下水资源利用评价

为了解决煤炭矿区水资源短缺的问题,从河南省六大煤炭矿区(鹤壁、焦作、永城、平顶山、义马、郑州)选取18个典型煤炭采空区,收集水文地质资料,采用AHP-集对分析法,构建以河南省典型煤炭采空区地下水资源利用作为目标层,以水量、水质、矿区水资源利用现状作为准则层,以矿井涌水量、平均煤厚、采空区面积、最大开采埋深、煤层顶板岩性、地质构造复杂程度、总硬度、溶解性总固体含量、pH值、氯离子含量、矿井水利用率、激励政策12个评价指标作为指标层的评价指标体系,对河南省典型煤炭采空区地下水资源利用进行评价,同时采用层次分析法对AHP-集对分析法评价结果进行对比验证。结果表明:两种方法的评价结果基本一致,河南省六大煤炭矿区典型采空区地下水资源利用可行性以焦作矿区最优、永城矿区最差,其余4个矿区居中且评价结果相近,说明采用AHP-集对分析法构建的河南省典型煤炭采空区地下水资源利用评价指标体系及评价结果是比较可靠的。

基于TEM的金属矿采空区快速探测技术——以河南西部某铝土矿为例

我国矿产资源丰富,经过长期的资源能源开发,形成了许许多多的地下开采矿山。随着矿产资源的不断开采,地下开采矿山形成的采空区也逐渐增加,并且已经慢慢地产生了采空区失稳、突水等安全隐患,给矿山和周边生态环境带来了严重的破坏。为了减轻和预防由地下采空区所引发的地质灾害,最大限度地保护人民生命和财产安全,矿山采空区的调查及探测极为重要。本文介绍了利用磁性源瞬变电磁法(Time Domain Electromagnetic Methods,TEM)大定源装置,在河南西部某铝土矿区开展采空区探测的野外施工具体流程及参数选择要点,并通过该方法快速圈定了采空区积水区域,取得了良好的效果。该矿区采空区主要积水区位于矿区东部,积水面积约510000 m 2,而矿区西部及南部区域无积水。结论认为,该方法野外试验流程正确,磁性源瞬变电磁法对金属矿采空区探测有效。该方法在采空区探测领域的应用,为矿山在今后的地下开采过程中有效避免安全事故提供了技术支撑。

河南省南太行地区生态空间识别及演化分析

生态空间是指具有自然属性、以提供生态服务或生态产品为主体功能的国土空间,在维护生物多样性、保障生态安全等方面有着重要地位。南太行地区是华北平原的生态屏障,通过多期遥感解译、运用土地利用类型归并法对河南省南太行地区的生态空间进行识别,并对其演变过程进行分析。结果发现:(1)研究区生态空间格局变化明显,生态空间规模锐减,非生态空间迅速扩张;(2)各类型生态空间在不同时期内均有不同幅度的变化,整体呈下降趋势,生态农地空间是减幅最大的地类,研究区非农化趋势明显,而生态绿地空间小幅度减少,面积占比较为稳定,保证了研究区生态空间的平稳;(3)自然因素长期影响生态空间格局,而人文因素如城镇发展战略和国家政策对研究区的生态空间格局变化有着决定性的作用,人口、科技和社会经济发展是短时间尺度上造成生态空间变化的重要驱动因素。研究结果可为该地区的生态环境保护提供依据。

小麦新品种‘平麦20’的适宜种植区分析及栽培推广建议

为有效评估新品种‘平麦20’的适应性及稳产高产性,本文通过多年多点试验,对平麦20在河南省不同种植区的产量、品质、抗病性等性状进行系统评价。结果表明,与周麦18相比,平麦20在河南省大部分地区表现为增产,尤其在平顶山、许昌、鹿邑、洛阳这四个地区,在所有测试年份均增产且平均增产率均超过5%,表明该品种适宜在以上地区推广种植。此外,本文详细阐述了平麦20的品质、抗病性、栽培特性等,为该品种的大面积推广提供理论依据。

豫西抗日根据地军队粮食供应问题研究

河南战役国民党守军全线溃败,豫中、豫西沦陷。中共中央及时发出“向河南敌后进军”的指示,从1944年9月~1945年4月,八路军六支部队先后南渡黄河进入豫西,开辟抗日根据地。根据地党政军民团结一致,克服种种困难,形成了在艰苦环境下军粮筹集、储存、运输、配给等的军队粮食供给体系,解决了根据地军队在残酷战争环境中的军粮供应问题,不仅使部队在贫穷的豫西站稳了脚,而且不断发展壮大,完成了党中央开辟豫西抗日根据地的战略部署。