The abundance,distribution,and enrichment mechanism of harmful trace elements in coals from Guizhou,Southwestern China

Coal seams can enrich a variety of harmful trace elements under specific geological conditions.The spatial distribution of harmful trace elements in coal is extremely uneven,and the distribution characteristics of each element content are different.The harmful elements released in the process of coal mining and utilization will cause serious harm to the environment and the human body.It is of great resource significance to study the geochemistry of coal that affects the enrichment and distribution characteristics of harmful trace elements.Based on the domestic and foreign literature on coal geochemistry in Guizhou published by previous investigators,this study counted 1097 sample data from 23 major coal-producing counties in Guizhou Province,systematically summarized the relevant research results of harmful trace elements in the coal of Guizhou,and revealed the overall distribution and enrichment characteristics of harmful trace elements in the coal of Guizhou.The results show that the average contents of Cd,Pb,Se,Cu,Mo,U,V,As,Hg,and Cr in coal of Guizhou are higher than those in Chinese coal and world coal.A variety of harmful trace elements in the coal of Guizhou have high background values,especially in Liupanshui,Xingyi and Qianbei coalfield.The enrichment of various harmful trace elements in the Late Permian coal in Guizhou is mainly related to the combined action of various geological and geochemical factors.The supply of terrigenous debris and sedimentary environment may be the basic background of the enrichment of harmful elements in western Guizhou,while low-temperature hydrothermal activity and volcanic ash deposition may be the main reasons for the enrichment of harmful elements in southwestern Guizhou.

Ancient Zhenyuan, Gateway to East Guizhou

This ancient city has a history going back over 2,000 years.It has witnessed the fusion of multiple ethnic cultures including the Miao,Dong,and Han,and hosts a number of cultural heritage sites.THE old town of Zhenyuan is located in Zhenyuan County,Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture in southwest China’s Guizhou Province.Covering an area of just around three square kilometers,it sits on the banks of the Wuyang River and is surrounded by mountains.Zhenyuan has been a county for more than 2,281 years and was the prefectural capital during the Yuan(1271-1368)and Qing(1644-1911)dynasties.It is a multicultural region,with Miao,Dong,and other ethnic minorities making up nearly half of the population.

Chinese New Year Folk Culture Adds Impetus to Guizhou's Colorful Tourism Economy

During the Chinese New Year in 2024,a series of traditional folk activities were held all over Guizhou,attracting a large number of travelers,with the number of received travelers and comprehensive income of Guizhou reaching a new high.

Major Diseases and Pests of Blueberry in Guizhou Province and Progress in Their Prevention and Control

As the blueberry industry continues to evolve,the effective control of its diseases and pests has become an essential component of local agricultural development.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the principal types of blueberry diseases and pests in Guizhou Province,along with the corresponding control measures,in order to serve as a valuable reference for blueberry growers.

KARST ENVIRONMENT AND ECO-POVERTY IN SOUTH-WESTERN CHINA:A CASE STUDY OF GUIZHOU PROVINCE

Guizhou Province is one of the least developed areas with the largest number of counties in poverty and the widest coverage of karst landscape in China. The vulnerability of its karst eco-environment seriously threatens the survival of local residents and the development of local economy. Rapid population growth results in higher demand of various resources, which leads to more intensive development activities. For example, the blindfolded development on steep slopes has caused rock desertification of local rare soil in this karst area. It has induced a vicious circle in the poverty -> population growth -> ecosystem degradation and so on. About 3.13 x 10(6) people belong to the absolute impoverished population in Guizhou Province and most of them are living in rock-desertification areas. The essential reasons for destitution are the atrocious eco-environment and the huge population stress. Degradation of mountain ecosystems in southwestern China has continued at unprecedented speed and scale in recent decades. It is necessary to control population growth strictly and prevent further expansion of rock-desertification in order to develop local economy and better living conditions for local people. The only way to ensure a sustainable, stable and harmonious development of human, nature and economy is to restore a good condition of eco-environment and resolve the conflicts between human and land use.

Machine learning-based automatic construction of earthquake catalog for reservoir areas in multiple river basins of Guizhou province,China

Large reservoirs have the risk of reservoir induced seismicity.Accurately detecting and locating microseismic events are crucial when studying reservoir earthquakes.Automatic earthquake monitoring in reservoir areas is one of the effective measures for earthquake disaster prevention and mitigation.In this study,we first applied the automatic location workflow(named LOCFLOW)to process 14-day continuous waveform data from several reservoir areas in different river basins of Guizhou province.Compared with the manual seismic catalog,the recall rate of seismic event detection using the workflow was 83.9%.Of the detected earthquakes,88.9%had an onset time difference below 1 s,81.8%has a deviation in epicenter location within 5 km,and 77.8%had a focal depth difference of less than 5 km,indicating that the workflow has good generalization capacity in reservoir areas.We further applied the workflow to retrospectively process continuous waveform data recorded from 2020 to the first half of 2021 in reservoir areas in multiple river basins of western Guizhou province and identified five times the number of seismic events obtained through manual processing.Compared with manual processing of seismic catalog,the completeness magnitude had decreased from 1.3 to 0.8,and a b-value of 1.25 was calculated for seismicity in western Guizhou province,consistent with the b-values obtained for the reservoir area in previous studies.Our results show that seismicity levels were relatively low around large reservoirs that were impounded over 15 years ago,and there is no significant correlation between the seismicity in these areas and reservoir impoundment.Seismicity patterns were notably different around two large reservoirs that were only impounded about 12 years ago,which may be explained by differences in reservoir storage capacity,the geologic and tectonic settings,hydrogeological characteristics,and active fault the reservoir areas.Prominent seismicity persisted around two large reservoirs that have been impounded for less than 10 years.These events were clustered and had relatively shallow focal depths.The impoundment of the Jiayan Reservoir had not officially begun during this study period,but earthquake location results suggested a high seismicity level in this reservoir area.Therefore,any seismicity in this reservoir area after the official impoundment deserves special attention.

Temporal and Spatial Variation of Summer Extreme High Temperature in Guizhou Province from 1970 to 2020

Based on the daily maximum temperature data of 31 meteorological observation stations and some statistical methods, the temporal and spatial characteristics of summer extreme high temperature in Guizhou province from 1970 to 2020 are analyzed. The results indicate that: 1) The threshold of extreme high temperature (EHT) in summer in Guizhou province had a large spatial difference, with decreasing characteristics from the northeast to the southwest, it was negatively correlated with the altitude. 2) In most parts of Guizhou province, the extreme high temperature days (EHTD) in summer can reach about 4.2 d, the lowest EHTD occurred in the southernmost part. From June to August, the EHTD gradually increased, especially in Central and eastern parts of Guizhou province. However, the extreme high temperature intensity (EHTI) displayed similar distribution characteristics in summer, June, July and August, with larger value in the northeast part and lower value in the southwest part of Guizhou. 3) EHTD had a rising trend in almost stations, except for the PZ station, the increased range and intensity gradually increased from June to August. But the EHTI had a larger spatial difference, especially in June, it declined in most parts of Guizhou, the declined scope and intensity gradually decreased in July, and completely increased in August, this made EHTI show an increasing trend in summer in most parts the Guizhou province. 4) The averaged EHTD increased by 0.62 d/10a (p 0.1), the significant increase also occurred in August, but it increased insignificantly in June and July. The averaged EHTI had insignificant increase in summer and the three months. In general, the EHTD and EHTI increased in most parts of Guizhou province during the period of 1970-2020, this may be related to the changes of them in August.

Problems and Recommendations for Export of Guizhou Tea in the Context of Rural Revitalization Strategy

As a traditional advantageous industry in Guizhou and an important export product,tea plays an important role in the rural revitalization strategy.This paper first introduces the current situation of tea industry and export in Guizhou,then analyzes the problems that arise in the export process,and finally comes up with corresponding countermeasures and recommendations for the export development of tea,hoping to provide certain guidance and reference to the development of tea industry in Guizhou Province.

Species Composition and Diversity of Fagus longipetiolata in Leigong Mountain, Guizhou Province

[Objectives]To understand the species composition and diversity of Fagus longipetiolata community.[Methods]The F.longipetiolata community in Guizhou Province was investigated by typical plot method.[Results]There were 107 species of vascular plants belonging to 79 genera and 51 families in Leigong Mountain F.longipetiolata community,including 3 species of pteridophytes belonging to 3 genera and 3 families,104 species of spermatophytes belonging to 76 genera and 48 families,including 3 species of gymnosperms belonging to 3 genera and 3 families,and 101 species of angiosperms belonging to 73 genera and 45 families.The types of Leigong Mountain F.longipetiolata community were divided into 7 formations,and the top 10 important species of each formation were Fagaceae,followed by Lauraceae and Ericaceae.The change trend of tree layer richness index was formation I>formation IV>formation VI>formation III>formation VII>formation II>formation V;the dominance index was formation I>formation IV>formation V>formation VI>formation VII>formation III>formation II;H diversity index was formation V>formation II>formation I>formation III>formation VII>formation VI>formation IV;the evenness index is formation II>formation III>formation VI>formation VII>formation IV>formation I>formation V;the total diversity index of the community,formation I(3.67)was the highest,formation V(2.74)was the lowest,manifested as formation I>formation III>formation VI>formation II>formation IV>formation VII>formation V.[Conclusions]The community stability is closely related to its species composition,and the background species is the basis for the survival of the community;the existence of rare species can further enhance the community diversity index and enhance the community stability.

Coordinated Development of Tourism Economy and Ecological Environment Coupling in Mountainous Provinces:A Case Study of Guizhou

The degree of coupling coordination can reflect the intensity of interaction between multiple-indicator system,and can characterize the harmonious and consistent degree of benign correlation between them.It is an effective measurement method for analyzing the level of coordinated development of tourism economy and ecological environment coupling.Guizhou,a mountainous province,is taken as the research object in this paper.Using entropy method and coupling coordination model,the coordinated development level of tourism economy and ecological environment coupling during 2011-2020 is measured and analyzed,and the coordinated development strategies for the tourism economy and ecological environment coupling in Guizhou,a mountainous province,are proposed.

Geological characterization and exploration potential of shale gas in the Carboniferous Jiusi Formation,northern Guizhou and Yunnan provinces,SW China

Dark mudstones and shales of the Carboniferous Jiusi Formation are widely developed in northern Guizhou and Yunnan provinces, SW China. However, the distribution, reservoir characterization, and exploration potential of organic-rich shales in this area are yet to be quantified, thus limiting the prospect of shale gas in this area. This study investigates the basic geological conditions of Jiusi shale gas, using core data, well-logs, and some other test data, obtaining the following results. The organic-rich shales are mainly composed of deltaic-to-shallow-shelf deposits, with thickness ranging from 0 to 450 m, and above 350 m around the subsidence center. The organic matter is mainly type Ⅱ kerogen with TOC content of mostly 1%–2%, indicating a moderate maturity. The argillaceous shale reservoirs are indicative of strong heterogeneity, high clay minerals content, low porosity, low permeability, high specific surface area, and relatively developed secondary porosity. The gas-log anomaly intervals obtained from the survey wells have a cumulative thickness that is apparently greater than 200 m, and a few shale intervals showing high desorbed and adsorbed gas contents. Due to complex structures in the study area, conditions responsible for shale gas occurrence and trapping are generally moderate. However, areas having wide and gentle folds with moderate depth of burial reveals relatively favorable conditions of hydrocarbon traps. In contrast with typical marine-continental transitional shales, the Jiusi shale have better geological conditions for shale gas preservation. The analysis of the geological framework and hydrocarbon potential of Carboniferous Jiusi Formation provide more insight for the exploration of Carboniferous shale gas in southern China.

贵州枇杷种质资源分布及其产业发展概述

贵州立体气候突出,野生枇杷种质资源丰富,性状差异性明显。目前已找到普通枇杷、大花枇杷、小叶枇杷3个种类,普通枇杷在全省广泛分布,大花枇杷主要分布在黔东南州雷公山一带,小叶枇杷主要分布在黔西南州兴义市一带。贵州省枇杷商品化栽培始于1958年,由黔东南州率先从江苏、浙江、福建等省引进优良品种进行试验示范。进入20世纪80年代中后期,贵阳市、黔南州、黔西南州等各地州(市)相继开展引种试验及小规模推广应用。截至2010年,在贵阳市、黔东南州、毕节市等地区拥有了万亩以上的规模化种植。特别是2015年以来,贵州各地枇杷种植生产发展速度迅猛,据2022年贵州省农业农村厅统计数据,全省枇杷种植面积已达2.3万hm^(2),年产量16.3万t,产值达17.1亿元,鲜果采摘期超过2个月。但栽培技术与管理水平仍较低,面积上升与产量增长不成正比,全省平均每666.7 m^(2)商品果产量不足500 kg,提升空间很大。存在问题主要为,一是缺乏地方规范的引、试、推制度体系,盲目性引种,造成品种混杂,良莠不齐,商品性低;二是对遗传优良性状的种质资源挖掘不足,缺乏地方特色的主导品种,市场竞争力不强;三是枇杷品牌创建与营销策略意识不强,形成行业内竞争压价销售,影响效益;四是鲜果产后冷链及深加工产品技术研发滞后,产业附加值增长有限;五是旱涝寒暑等极端天气频繁出现,山地果园设施栽培配套条件滞后,抗风险能力不强等。主要围绕贵州枇杷种质资源分布特征、引种与育种、栽培技术演变、产业发展及其制约因子等方面进行了分析,尝试提出贵州枇杷产业当前与未来的主要任务,以推动枇杷产业高质量发展。

黔北—滇东二叠纪锰矿主要成矿规律与成矿区带划分

这是一篇地球科学领域的论文。锰矿为我国十分紧缺的战略矿产之一。黔北-滇东地区是我国二叠纪锰矿最典型的分布区,在全球晚古生代也较为少见,该区锰矿资源丰富,找矿潜力巨大,称为“遵义式锰矿”。研究表明,该区锰矿产于二叠纪茅口晚期,分布严格受黔北裂谷盆地控制,锰矿在地堑盆地中心喷溢沉积成矿,在地垒区则无锰矿分布,矿体空间展布方向与盆地展布方向基本一致。其中,黔北遵义-黔西地区锰矿在空间上分布于盆地相区,并可分为中心相、过渡相、边缘相等三个锰矿相带,进一步指示了锰矿具体成矿位置,显示了锰矿受盆地中心控制非常明显的特点。在划分的遵义-宣威锰矿成矿带的基础上,详细划分出遵义-黔西锰矿成矿亚带中深溪—八里、龙坪—兴隆、团溪—尚稽、黔西4个锰矿矿集区,以及水城-宣威锰矿成矿亚带中水城—纳雍、格学2个锰矿矿集区。该研究成果对寻找黔北—滇东二叠纪隐伏锰矿床,开展成矿预测,具有重要的意义。

云贵川非物质文化遗产与传统村落空间分布格局及影响因素

基于核密度、空间重心模型、空间错位指数和地理探测器等方法,系统分析了云贵川非物质文化遗产(非遗)和传统村落的空间分布格局,包括空间分布密度和空间错位的程度、强度与类型,并探讨了影响其空间分布的因素。结果显示:①非遗和传统村落的空间分布结构分别为“两核一带多点”和“北疏、南密、中空”;②两者的总体空间错位特征明显,各州市在空间错位的程度、强度和类型上均具有差异性;③非遗和传统村落的空间分布都受到地形地貌和河流水系等自然环境因素的影响,在社会经济影响因素上,非遗空间分布的主要影响因素是文化和经济发展,传统村落空间分布的主要影响因素是人口和文化。

我国“村BA”发展的影响因素与路径分析——以贵州台盘“村BA”为例

采用文献资料法、访谈法等研究方法,以贵州台盘“村BA”为分析对象,探析“村BA”发展的影响因素,提出“村BA”发展路径。研究认为:“村BA”发展维度的结构体系包括政策引领、乡村治理、赛事文化、传播助推4个核心范畴,上位政策规划等9条范畴化语句,政策文件相继出台等17条概念化语句以及309条编码语句。其中,政策引领是“村BA”发展的基础支撑,乡村治理是“村BA”发展的内生动力,赛事文化是“村BA”发展的重要根基,传播助推是“村BA”发展的外在驱动。鉴于此,提出我国“村BA”发展路径:完善乡村赛事发展的保障机制,推动“村BA”健康发展;坚持农民主体地位,提升“村BA”自治能力;组建乡村篮球赛事联盟,推动“村BA”做大做强;打造农村体育赛事IP,建立以“村BA”为核心的产业集群。

贵州镇宁-紫云泥盆系大型沉积重晶石矿床成矿过程研究

古生代是全球沉积型重晶石矿床成矿的重要时期,这一时期在全球范围内形成了多个大型和超大型重晶石矿。特别是在扬子陆块西南缘的镇宁-紫云地区,发育一个泥盆系大型沉积重晶石矿床,其资源储量逾6000万吨。本文在已有研究基础上,结合最新的野外调查和研究成果,探讨了重晶石成矿过程、成矿规律和关键控矿要素。研究认为,重晶石矿床成矿与甲烷渗漏活动存在成因上的联系。水城-紫云-南丹裂陷槽内次级盆地对矿体的形态和空间展布有重要控制和影响作用。在含矿岩系出露区,矿体明显呈透镜状赋存于上泥盆统响水洞组硅质建造之中,并且显示出从NW至SE厚度不断减薄的规律性变化。结合Sr、S、C、O同位素组成,推断乐纪一带可能更靠近重晶石成矿的中心。甲烷渗漏强度及其消耗途径变化是不同剖面之间重晶石矿体厚度及其共生灰岩的产出特征和数量在空间上存在差异性的主要控制因素。综合研究,将重晶石成矿过程划分为成矿前、成矿期、成矿后三个阶段,并总结了不同阶段的野外识别标志,初步构建了重晶石成矿的理论模型。

红色文化融入高校思想政治教育的价值及路径研究——以黔东红色文化为例

红色文化承载着厚重的红色历史,展现了中国共产党人的政治本色和精神特质,具有很高的思想政治价值。黔东红色文化蕴含着“爱护百姓,以身卫民”“关爱群众,一心为民”“民族团结,共同进步”等精神内涵,具有丰富高校思想政治教育的内容和形式,提高高校思想政治教育实效性的重要价值。将黔东红色文化融入高校思想政治教育,在指导思想上要全面贯彻“三全育人”理念,多方协调,积极打造“大思政”格局;在实现途径上要以高校思想政治课堂为主阵地,丰富“第二课堂”,积极占领网络“新课堂”;在实行模式上要以红色文化为载体,积极打造“挖掘-宣传-传承”的育人模式。

2022年贵州省食品及病人来源单增李斯特菌的抗生素敏感性及分子特征分析

目的了解2022年贵州省29株食品及病人来源的单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌(单增李斯特菌)的血清型、基因型、耐药及毒力基因等遗传特征。方法对贵州省2022年食品微生物及食源性疾病监测中分离的29株单增李斯特菌采用微量肉汤稀释法测定菌株对8种抗生素的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值,并哌全基因组测序及生物信息学分析,包括谱系、血清群、序列分析(ST型)、克隆群(CC型)、耐药基因、毒力基因等。结果29株单增李斯特菌对8种抗生素均不耐药;对耐药基因分析发现在29株菌中检出6种耐药基因,全部菌株均携带fosX、mprE、lin、norB;29株菌分属于2个谱系(Ⅰ、Ⅱ),17株菌属于谱系Ⅱ,12株菌属于谱系Ⅰ;分为13种ST型,其中ST8为优势型别,占31.03%(9/29株),其次为ST619、ST121型别各3株;分为4个血清群,血清群1/2a、3a有15株,血清群1/2b、3b、7有11株,血清群1/2c、3c有2株,血清群4b、4d、4e有1株;分为12个CC型,以及1个未分CC型的ST2348,其中CC8为优势CC型,有9株菌占27.59%(8/29株),分属于23种cgMLST型,每型包括1~3株菌。共发现25种毒力基因,29株菌均携带毒力岛LIPI-1,其中3株菌未携带actA基因,缺失率10.34%;有7株菌均携带毒力岛LIPI-3的8个基因,其余22株菌未携带;所有菌株携带多种内化素毒力基因。结论贵州省食源性单增李斯特菌耐药水平低,携带较多的毒力基因,血清群与分子型别表现出遗传多样性,应加强对单增李斯特菌的持续监测。

1875年广西与贵州之间强震与地震密集关系分析

1875年在广西与贵州之间发生了一次强烈地震,《中国历史强震目录(公元前23世纪—公元1911年)》和《中国历史地震图集》所给出的震中位置差异较大。针对相关史料进行梳理,通过计算研究区的中小地震密集区之后发现,广西乐业和贵州望谟分别存在地震密集区与上述两个震中对应。依据地震密集与历史强震的关系,分析了上述两种震中位置的合理性和可能结果,认为广西乐业和贵州望谟存在着两次6级左右的强震的可能性。

贵州深部煤层气地质特征及其资源潜力

加快深部(1000 m以深)煤层气资源勘探开发是煤层气走向规模化开发的重要途径,是近年来煤层气产业的重要发展方向。贵州省煤层气资源丰富,深部煤层气资源占比大,然而目前尚未开展深部煤层气资源的地质研究和勘探开发。立足于贵州煤层气地质背景,基于大量的煤层气试井资料和测试化验资料,分析了深部煤层气地质特征及其资源潜力。研究结果显示:贵州深部煤层气资源主要分布于六盘水、黔北和织纳煤田的众多向斜单元。沉积分异和构造分区导致深部煤储层地质条件具有区域差异性,六盘水煤田以“超压明显、低温、较高应力”为特征,织纳煤田以“超压、较高温度、较低应力”为特征,黔北煤田以“超压、高温、高应力”为特征。深部煤储层渗透率偏低,1000 m以深渗透率将普遍低于0.1×10^(-15)m^(2)。煤储层含气量较高,在1000 m以浅,以六盘水煤田为代表的中阶煤储层平均含气量为10.03 m^(3)/t,以织纳、黔北煤田为代表的高阶煤储层平均含气量为14.51 m^(3)/t,400 m以深超饱和现象较为明显。优选游离气、吸附气预测模型,考虑煤阶随深度的变化,预测深部整体含气量将进一步增加,超饱和现象更为明显,游离气占比增大,在2000 m左右,游离气占比普遍达到10%~25%,且中阶煤游离气占比要高于高阶煤。在此基础上,计算了包含2000 m以深的贵州省重点向斜的煤层气地质资源量,贵州省煤层气地质资源量为3.85万亿m^(3),其中1000 m以深煤层气地质资源量达到了1.90万亿m^(3),六盘水和黔北煤田深部煤层气资源占比大。综合考虑资源规模和资源丰度,提出了开发次序建议,盘关—土城—照子河—旧普安向斜和格目底向斜为首选开发单元,以上向斜均属于高丰度大型气田。