Based on tropical cyclone (TC) data for the period 1949 to 2008 and following the Gumbe-Imethod, Pearson-Ⅲ method and determinacy method, this article estimates the possible minimum centralpressure of TCs affecting s...Based on tropical cyclone (TC) data for the period 1949 to 2008 and following the Gumbe-Imethod, Pearson-Ⅲ method and determinacy method, this article estimates the possible minimum centralpressure of TCs affecting southern Fujian where a nuclear power will be located. Results show that theobserved minimum central pressure of TCs agrees well with the results determined with the methods aboveand there is little difference between them (the minimum central pressure is 867.4 hPa and 868.1 hPa,respectively, in a 1,000-yr return period). Established with the theory of atmospheric dynamics, thedeterminacy method yields a result of 867.28 hPa/1000 years, only a little smaller than the result of theprobability method. Because of randomicity in parameter adjustment with the Pearson-Ⅲ method whereasthe determinacy method is theoretically solid and its estimates are the smallest of the three methods, it istherefore reasonable, for security and conservative concerns, to adopt the result determined with thedeterminacy method as the possible maximum intensity of TC (with the central pressure being 867.28 hPa ina 1,000-yr return period).展开更多
Fifteen samples from three study areas （the Bancun diabase dykes, the Bali hornblende gabbro dykes, the Linzifen gabbro-diabase dykes） were collected and analyzed for selenium （Se）, sulfur （S）, copper （Cu）, ma...Fifteen samples from three study areas （the Bancun diabase dykes, the Bali hornblende gabbro dykes, the Linzifen gabbro-diabase dykes） were collected and analyzed for selenium （Se）, sulfur （S）, copper （Cu）, major and trace elements. In general, Se, S and Cu do positively correlate to each other. The concentration of S and Se and the S/Se ratio are higher than the corresponding value of primitive mantle （PM）, and the Cu/S ratio falls in a narrow range （0.04-0.29）, which is consistent with that of primitive mantle （0.05-0.20）. The Bancun diabase dykes and the Bali hornblende gabbro dykes were located in an intraplate environment during the Late Mesozoic. Oceanic subduction was closely related to magmatic activities. The magmatic activities play an important role in the transportation mechanism of Se and S. Because those two groups were closer to fault zones, which may affect the distribution of S and Se and other elements. In the two groups, no crustal contamination was observed, indicating that all analyzed elements may come from enriched mantle metasomtism associated with slab subduction. However, the Linzifen gabbro-diabase dykes were located in an intraplate rift environment, and its invading age is older than the other two groups, the primitive magma comes from mantle, and there is an anomalous relation between S, Se and Al2O3, （La/Sm）N, and all these factors could result in higher S and Se concentration.展开更多
利用2019~2021年厦门市翔安区气象局观测的雾滴谱资料,分析了闽南沿海雾的微物理参数及滴谱特征,研究了能见度与粒子数浓度、液态水含量、相对湿度等的关系。在此基础上对能见度进行分级参数化拟合与检验评估。结果表明闽南沿海雾的平...利用2019~2021年厦门市翔安区气象局观测的雾滴谱资料,分析了闽南沿海雾的微物理参数及滴谱特征,研究了能见度与粒子数浓度、液态水含量、相对湿度等的关系。在此基础上对能见度进行分级参数化拟合与检验评估。结果表明闽南沿海雾的平均粒子数浓度为47.5 cm^(-3),平均液态水含量为0.0763 g m^(-3)。当能见度下降时,粒子数浓度、液态水含量快速上升,平均直径、有效直径等物理量缓慢上升。能见度低于100 m时,平均粒子数浓度达到115.42 cm^(-3),液态水含量达到0.228 g m^(-3)。粒子数浓度和液态水含量谱线均呈现双峰结构特征分布,粒子数浓度主峰的粒子直径范围为4~6μm,次峰值为22~26μm。液态水含量与粒子数浓度相反,主峰位于24~26μm,次峰为4~6μm,表明雾的粒子数浓度主要受小粒子控制,但液态水含量以20~30μm段的粒子贡献最为显著。与沿海地区相比,闽南沿海雾的平均粒子数浓度小于华南沿海,高于华东沿海;平均液态水含量高于华南沿海,低于华东沿海。与内陆城市区域或县郊相比,同等状态下沿海的粒子数浓度明显更低,但液态水含量更大。采用四种参数化方案对能见度进行了分段以及不分段拟合。评估检验结果表明,采用粒子数浓度和液态水含量的乘积作为因子的分段拟合效果最优,尤其是对于1 km以下的能见度拟合效果更优。展开更多
基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2007J0122)Natural Science Foundation of China(90915002)
文摘Based on tropical cyclone (TC) data for the period 1949 to 2008 and following the Gumbe-Imethod, Pearson-Ⅲ method and determinacy method, this article estimates the possible minimum centralpressure of TCs affecting southern Fujian where a nuclear power will be located. Results show that theobserved minimum central pressure of TCs agrees well with the results determined with the methods aboveand there is little difference between them (the minimum central pressure is 867.4 hPa and 868.1 hPa,respectively, in a 1,000-yr return period). Established with the theory of atmospheric dynamics, thedeterminacy method yields a result of 867.28 hPa/1000 years, only a little smaller than the result of theprobability method. Because of randomicity in parameter adjustment with the Pearson-Ⅲ method whereasthe determinacy method is theoretically solid and its estimates are the smallest of the three methods, it istherefore reasonable, for security and conservative concerns, to adopt the result determined with thedeterminacy method as the possible maximum intensity of TC (with the central pressure being 867.28 hPa ina 1,000-yr return period).
基金This project was funded by the ＂National Basic Research Program of China＂ （2007CB411402）；Natural Science Foundation of China （40773034）； ＂West Light＂ of the Chinese Academy of Sciences；the Guizhou Natural Science Foundation （J（2007）2170）.
文摘Fifteen samples from three study areas （the Bancun diabase dykes, the Bali hornblende gabbro dykes, the Linzifen gabbro-diabase dykes） were collected and analyzed for selenium （Se）, sulfur （S）, copper （Cu）, major and trace elements. In general, Se, S and Cu do positively correlate to each other. The concentration of S and Se and the S/Se ratio are higher than the corresponding value of primitive mantle （PM）, and the Cu/S ratio falls in a narrow range （0.04-0.29）, which is consistent with that of primitive mantle （0.05-0.20）. The Bancun diabase dykes and the Bali hornblende gabbro dykes were located in an intraplate environment during the Late Mesozoic. Oceanic subduction was closely related to magmatic activities. The magmatic activities play an important role in the transportation mechanism of Se and S. Because those two groups were closer to fault zones, which may affect the distribution of S and Se and other elements. In the two groups, no crustal contamination was observed, indicating that all analyzed elements may come from enriched mantle metasomtism associated with slab subduction. However, the Linzifen gabbro-diabase dykes were located in an intraplate rift environment, and its invading age is older than the other two groups, the primitive magma comes from mantle, and there is an anomalous relation between S, Se and Al2O3, （La/Sm）N, and all these factors could result in higher S and Se concentration.
文摘利用2019~2021年厦门市翔安区气象局观测的雾滴谱资料,分析了闽南沿海雾的微物理参数及滴谱特征,研究了能见度与粒子数浓度、液态水含量、相对湿度等的关系。在此基础上对能见度进行分级参数化拟合与检验评估。结果表明闽南沿海雾的平均粒子数浓度为47.5 cm^(-3),平均液态水含量为0.0763 g m^(-3)。当能见度下降时,粒子数浓度、液态水含量快速上升,平均直径、有效直径等物理量缓慢上升。能见度低于100 m时,平均粒子数浓度达到115.42 cm^(-3),液态水含量达到0.228 g m^(-3)。粒子数浓度和液态水含量谱线均呈现双峰结构特征分布,粒子数浓度主峰的粒子直径范围为4~6μm,次峰值为22~26μm。液态水含量与粒子数浓度相反,主峰位于24~26μm,次峰为4~6μm,表明雾的粒子数浓度主要受小粒子控制,但液态水含量以20~30μm段的粒子贡献最为显著。与沿海地区相比,闽南沿海雾的平均粒子数浓度小于华南沿海,高于华东沿海;平均液态水含量高于华南沿海,低于华东沿海。与内陆城市区域或县郊相比,同等状态下沿海的粒子数浓度明显更低,但液态水含量更大。采用四种参数化方案对能见度进行了分段以及不分段拟合。评估检验结果表明,采用粒子数浓度和液态水含量的乘积作为因子的分段拟合效果最优,尤其是对于1 km以下的能见度拟合效果更优。
