Dynamic soil-tunnel interaction in layered half-space for incident plane SH waves

The dynamic soil-tunnel interaction is studied by indirect boundary element method （IBEM）, using the model of a rigid tunnel in layered half-space, which is simplified to a single soil layer on elastic bedrock, subjected to incident plane SH waves. The accuracy of the results is verified through comparison with the analytical solution. It is shown that soil-tunnel interaction in layered half-space is larger than that in homogeneous half-space and this interaction mechanism is essentially different from that of soil-foundation-superstructure interaction.

2.5D scattering of incident plane SV waves by a canyon in layered half-space

This paper presents a 2.5D scattering of incident plane SV waves by a canyon in a layered half-space by using the indirect boundary element method （IBEM）. A free field response analysis is performed to provide the displacements and stresses on the boundary of the canyon where fictitious uniform moving loads are applied to calculate the Green＇s fi.mctions for the displacements and stresses. The amplitudes of the loads are determined by the boundary conditions. The free field displacements are added to the fictitious uniform moving loads induced displacements and the total response is obtained. Numerical calculations are performed for a canyon with homogenous and in one layer over bedrock. The effects of the thickness and stiffness of the layer on the amplification are studied and discussed.

Diffraction of plane P waves by a canyon of arbitrary shape in poroelastic half-space (Ⅱ): Numerical results and discussion

This paper investigates in detail the nature of diffraction of plane P waves around a canyon in poroelastic half-space, and studies the effects of incident frequency, drainage condition, porosity, etc, on the diffraction of waves. It is shown that the surface displacement amplitudes of the drained case are close to those of the undrained case, however, the surface displacement amplitudes of the dry case are very different from those of the saturated （either drained or undrained） cases. There are large phase shift between the dry case and the saturated cases, as well as slightly longer resultant wavelengths for the undrained case than those for the drained case and longer resultant wavelengths for the drained case than those for the dry case. For small porosity the surface displacement amplitudes for the saturated cases are almost identical to those for the dry case; while for large porosity, the effect of drainage condition becomes significant, and the surface displacement amplitudes for the undrained case are larger than those for the drained case. As the incident frequency increases, the effect of porosity becomes significant, and more significant for the undrained case than that for the drained case. As the porosity increases, the pore pressures increase significantly but their oscillations become smoother. As the incident frequency increases, the pore pressures become more complicated.

A wideband fast multipole boundary element method for half-space/plane-symmetric acoustic wave problems

This paper presents a novel wideband fast multipole boundary element approach to 3D half-space/planesymmetric acoustic wave problems.The half-space fundamental solution is employed in the boundary integral equations so that the tree structure required in the fast multipole algorithm is constructed for the boundary elements in the real domain only.Moreover,a set of symmetric relations between the multipole expansion coefficients of the real and image domains are derived,and the half-space fundamental solution is modified for the purpose of applying such relations to avoid calculating,translating and saving the multipole/local expansion coefficients of the image domain.The wideband adaptive multilevel fast multipole algorithm associated with the iterative solver GMRES is employed so that the present method is accurate and efficient for both lowand high-frequency acoustic wave problems.As for exterior acoustic problems,the Burton-Miller method is adopted to tackle the fictitious eigenfrequency problem involved in the conventional boundary integral equation method.Details on the implementation of the present method are described,and numerical examples are given to demonstrate its accuracy and efficiency.

Diffraction of plane P waves by a canyon of arbitrary shape in poroelastic half-space (Ⅰ): Formulation

This paper presents an indirect boundary integration equation method for diffraction of plane P waves by a two-dimensional canyon of arbitrary shape in poroelastic half-space. The Green＇s functions of compressional and shear wave sources in poroelastic half-space are derived based on Biot＇s theory. The scattered waves are constructed using the fictitious wave sources close to the boundary of the canyon, and magnitude of the fictitious wave sources are determined by the boundary conditions. The precision of the method is verified by the satisfaction extent of boundary conditions, the comparison between the degenerated solutions of single-phased half-space and the well-known solutions, and the numerical stability of the method.

Diffraction of plane SV waves by a cavity in poroelastic half-space

This paper presents an indirect boundary integration equation method for diffraction of plane SV waves by a 2-D cavity in a poroelastic half-space.The Green＇s functions of compressive and shear wave sources are derived based on Biot＇s theory. The scattered waves are constructed using fictitious wave sources close to the boundary of the cavity, and their magnitudes are determined by the boundary conditions. Verification of the accuracy is performed by： （1） checking the satisfaction extent of the boundary conditions, （2） comparing the degenerated solutions of a single-phased case with well- known solutions, and （3） examining the numerical stability of the solutions. The nature of diffraction of plane SV waves around a cavity in a poroelastic half-space is investigated by numerical examples.

Research on spatial-variant property of bistatic ISAR imaging plane of space target

The imaging plane of inverse synthetic aperture radar （ISAR） is the projection plane of the target. When taking an image using the range-Doppler theory, the imaging plane may have a spatial-variant property, which causes the change of scatter＇s projection position and results in migration through resolution cells, In this study, we focus on the spatial-variant property of the imaging plane of a three-axis-stabilized space target. The innovative contributions are as follows. 1） The target motion model in orbit is provided based on a two-body model. 2） The instantaneous imaging plane is determined by the method of vector analysis. 3） Three Euler angles are introduced to describe the spatial-variant property of the imaging plane, and the image quality is analyzed. The simulation results confirm the analysis of the spatial-variant property. The research in this study is significant for the selection of the imaging segment, and provides the evidence for the following data processing and compensation algorithm.

THREE-DIMENSIONAL INTERACTIONS OF A HALF-PLANE CRACK IN A TRANSVERSELY ISOTROPIC PIEZOELECTRIC SPACE WITH RESULTANT SOURCES

Exact solutions in elementary functions are derived for the stress and electric displacement intensity factors of a half-plane crack in a transversely isotropic piezoelectric space interacting with various resultant sources, including force dipole, electric dipole, moment, force dilatation and rotation. Such force and charge sources may model defects like vacancies, foreign particles and dislocations. The locations and orientations of the stress and charge sources with respect to the crack are arbitrary.

3D scattering of obliquely incident plane SV waves by an alluvial valley embedded in a fluid-saturated, poroelastic layered half-space

The indirect boundary element method is used to study the 3D dynamic response of an infinitely long alluvial valley embedded in a saturated layered half-space for obli- quely incident SV waves. A wave-number transform is first applied along the valley＇s axis to reduce a 3D problem to a 2D plane strain problem. The problem is then solved in the section perpendicular to the axis of the valley. Finally, the 3D dynamic responses of the valley are obtained by an inverse wave-number transform. The validity of the method is con- firmed by comparison with relevant results. The differences between the responses around the valley embedded in dry and in saturated poroelastic medium are studied, and the effects of drainage conditions, porosity, soil layer stiffness, and soil layer thickness on the dynamic response are dis- cussed in detail resulting in some conclusions.

Diffraction of plane P waves around an alluvial valley in poroelastic half-space

Diffraction of plane P waves around an alluvial valley of arbitrary shape in poroelastic half-space is investigated by using an indirect boundary integral equation method. Based on the Green＇s fimctions of line source in poroelastic half-space, the scattered waves are constructed using the fictitious wave sources close to the interface of the valley and the density of ficti- tious wave sources are determined by boundary conditions. The precision of the method is verified by the satisfaction extent of boundary conditions, and the comparison between the degenerated solutions and available results in single-phase case. Finally, the nature of diffraction of plane P waves around an alluvial valley in poroelastic half-space is investigated in detail through nu- merical examples.

可扩展的网络验证技术:研究现状与发展趋势

互联网作为国家信息基础设施的重要组成部分,已经在各个领域发挥着巨大的作用.随着其规模不断扩大和应用持续深入,我们也面临着意图不一致的网络行为可能导致的灾难性危害.为了确保互联网的正常运行和网络行为的一致性,我们迫切需要可部署的网络验证技术,以确保网络运行时的行为与网络运维人员的意图一致.当前已经有许多关于网络验证技术的研究,这些研究帮助用户实现自动检测网络错误,并进一步分析错误产生的原因.然而,为了满足互联网规模不断扩大的需求,可扩展性问题成为在互联网部署网络验证技术的一项重要挑战.即如何在满足时间和空间复杂度约束的前提下,快速发现并排查网络策略的错误,真正将网络验证技术应用于实际,成为一个研究热点.本文从数据面验证和控制面验证两个方面出发,深入研究和总结了现有的网络验证研究工作,并探索了基于时空优化的可扩展性技术,对这些方案的特点进行了系统性分析.最后,本文总结和展望了网络验证可扩展技术的未来研究趋势,为该领域的研究人员提供一定的参考.

EAGLE:一种内核态及用户态中基于遥测数据图的网络遥测方案

网络遥测是一种新型的网络测量技术,具有实时性强、准确性高、开销低的特点。现有网络遥测技术存在无法收集多粒度网络数据、无法有效存储大量原始网络数据、无法快速提取及生成网络遥测信息、无法利用内核态及用户态特性设计网络遥测方案等问题。为此,提出了一种融合内核态及用户态的、基于遥测数据图和同步控制块的多粒度、可扩展、覆盖全网的网络遥测机制(a nEtwork telemetry mechAnism based on telemetry data Graph in kerneL and usEr mode,EAGLE)。EAGLE设计了一种能够收集多粒度数据且数据平面上灵活可控的网络遥测数据包结构,用于获取上层应用所需的数据。此外,为快速存储、查询、统计、聚合网络状态数据,实现网络遥测数据包所需遥测数据的快速提取与生成,EAGLE提出了一种基于遥测数据图及同步控制块的网络遥测信息生成方法。在此基础上,为了最大化网络遥测机制中网络遥测数据包的处理效率,EAGLE提出了融合内核态及用户态特性的网络遥测信息嵌入架构。在Open vSwitch上实现了EAGLE方案并进行了测试,测试结果表明,EAGLE能够收集多粒度数据并快速提取与生成遥测数据,且仅增加极少量的处理时延及资源占用率。

基于相空间重构的中性点非有效接地系统铁磁谐振故障辨识研究

准确辨识铁磁谐振故障是启动微机消谐装置的前提,而现有时频分析方法提取铁磁谐振过电压信号特征时存在容易误判和相邻频率模态相互混叠的缺点。针对上述问题,从铁磁谐振过电压时间序列的混沌特征出发,提出了基于相空间重构的中性点非有效接地系统铁磁谐振故障辨识方法。首先利用C-C法计算相空间重构的特征参数(嵌入维数、延迟时间),然后通过相空间重构技术将过电压时间序列引入到高维空间,分析重构吸引子相平面轨迹的属性特征(关联维数、点分布因数)和几何特征(矢径偏移、中心距),并揭示了不同铁磁谐振类型重构相平面轨迹特征。最后,引入K值作为4种特征量变化规律的特征参数,结合特征量变化规律给出不同类型铁磁谐振的参考K值,以此作为谐振判据进而辨识谐振类型。通过仿真分析和云南某10 kV配电系统发生的铁磁谐振实例验证了所提方法的可行性。

面向未来教学模式的创新校园设计研究

中国的新时代校园设计正走向转折点,教育形式的变革对教育体及学习方式产生了重要影响,并深刻影响了校园规划设计。设计师们对教育模式与校园空间的探索与结合,校园生活的激发创造,邻里社区的资源共享,以及历史文化、自然条件、区域文脉的融入给予了更多关注。文章以深圳市开展的各类学校建筑设计竞赛为背景,分析新时代中小学建筑设计的迭代变革和新教育理念下校园设计创新理念应用,并总结未来校园范式变革的六大要素特点,以期对未来的创新校园建设提供有价值的参考。

应用两种旋转矢量法研究平面简谐波

如何正确应用振动旋转矢量和空间(波动)旋转矢量研究平面简谐波的问题,是大学物理教学中的一个重点问题.在系统对比分析两种旋转矢量的基础上,从波函数和波形图两方面比较分析了两种旋转矢量在描述平面简谐波上的异同,归纳了应用两种旋转矢量解决平面简谐波问题时应注意的问题.结果表明,应用两种旋转矢量都能较大程度地降低分析解决平面简谐波问题的难度.在应用时,应说明旋转矢量的类型和注意其特征,避免混淆出错.

杭州市通城大道快速路铁路并行段设计

为迎接第19届杭州亚运会的召开、完善杭州市和萧山区快速路网,萧山区启动了通城大道快速路的建设工作。根据全线总体布置,其中一段位于既有铁路线线路中心30 m铁路营业线范围内,通过对平面控制要素进行研究,确定铁路并行段路线走向,同时对高程点进行分析,确定纵断面要素。为减少桥梁施工对铁路的影响,工程选用预制装配率较高的钢-混组合梁。通城大道建设的设计与实施经验可为类似工程提供参考。

基于状态空间法的平面圆弧曲梁面外动力学分析

该文通过选择广义位移和与其对偶的广义力作为状态变量,建立了平面圆弧曲梁面外动力学问题的状态方程列式,并求解了工程中常见的四种边界条件下圆弧曲梁面外自由振动的频率和模态。利用状态空间列式和辛内积的概念,建立了振动模态关于质量和旋转惯量以及关于刚度的正交关系式。基于建立的振动模态关于质量和旋转惯量的正交关系式,运用模态叠加法得到了非齐次状态方程即面外强迫振动控制方程的解析解,并具体考察了竖向移动荷载作用下圆弧曲梁的动力响应。给出了数值算例,并与已有结果进行了比较,验证了该文方法在进行圆弧曲梁面外自由振动和强迫振动分析时的准确性和可靠性。

科研中心高层建筑设计中空间组合的应用分析

为了提高建筑空间的有效利用率,对其进行合理的规划设计是十分必要的,为此,本文进行科研中心高层建筑设计中空间组合的应用分析研究。首先分别从舒适性、功能性以及经济性三个角度对空间组合的执行原则进行分析,结合科研中心高层建筑设计阶段使用质量、开口合围与分隔空间的影响,对科研中心高层建筑中空间组合设计思路进行详细研究,以空间组合为目标,对建筑进行平面规划与设置,对建筑功能空间进行设计,并强化了对边角空间利用。

Fast and accurate analysis of electromagnetic scattering from targets situated in dielectric half space

Electromagnetic scattering from targets situated in half space is solved by applying fast inhomogeneous plane wave algorithm combined with a tabulation and interpolation method. The integral equation is set up based on derivation of dyadic Green＇s functions in this environment. The coupling is divided into nearby region and well-separated region by grouping. The Green＇s function can be divided into two parts： primary term and reflected term. In the well-separated region, the two terms are both expressed as Sommerfeld integral, which can be accelerated by deforming integral path and taking interpolation and extrapolation. For the nearby region, the direct Sommerfeld integral makes the filling of impedance matrix time-expensive. A tabulation and interpolation method is applied to speed up this process. This infinite integral is pre-computed in sampling region, and a two-dimensional table is then set up. The impedance elements can then be obtained by interpolation. Numerical results demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of this algorithm.

The detailed characteristics of positive corona current pulses in the line-to-plane electrodes

The corona current pulses generated by corona discharge are the sources of the radio interference from transmission lines and the detailed characteristics of the corona current pulses from conductor should be investigated in order to reveal their generation mechanism.In this paper,the line-to-plane electrodes are designed to measure and analyze the characteristics of corona current pulses from positive corona discharges.The influences of inter-electrode gap and line diameters on the detail characteristics of corona current pulses,such as pulse amplitude,rise time,duration time and repetition frequency,are carefully analyzed.The obtained results show that the pulse amplitude and the repetition frequency increase with the diameter of line electrode when the electric fields on the surface of line electrodes are same.With the increase of inter-electrode gap,the pulse amplitude and the repetition frequency first decrease and then turn to be stable,while the rise time first increases and finally turns to be stable.The distributions of electric field and space charges under the line electrodes are calculated,and the influences of inter-electrode gap and line electrode diameter on the experimental results are qualitatively explained.