Research on Evaluation of Spatial Vitality and Influencing Factors of Guesthouses Public Areas Based on Rural Tourism Development

In recent years,China has continued to promote the strategy of rural revitalization.The rural tourism industry has developed rapidly in the context of rural revitalization.Now the rural B&B industry has become an important pillar in solving the problem of rural tourism accommodation.Most of the villages in China have begun to carry out the construction of rural lodging,for example,there are residents who use idle houses to carry out construction on their own initiative and projects developed by village collectives,so the rural lodging industry has been vigorously developed.The vitality of supporting industries and landscape resources around the distribution of rural lodging has become a hot spot of rural issues research in recent years.Therefore,we can use the method of data analysis to analyze the industry and function of the public area around the distribution of rural B&B.Through the comparison of data and the interpretation of related cases,the core elements affecting the spatial vitality of B&B public areas can be identified.We will analyze and improve the related elements to find a reasonable way to enhance the spatial vitality value.Finally,the article will put forward suggestions to improve the related spatial vitality as a way to promote the development of rural B&B industry and the progress of rural tourism.

Using a Spatial Convolution Method to Estimate Ecosystem Services Values at Regional Level: a Case Study in Northeast China

Since the introduction of the concept, studies on valuation of ecosystem services have been overwhelming, in cognizance of its great significance. In this article, the authors took Northeast China as the study area and applied the published coefficients for the world by Costanza to calculate the ecosystem services values through a spatial convolution method. The convolution analysis was done with a square processor with 5×5 neighborhood cells. The results showed that the ecosystem services value for the study area in the year 2003 was US$44 990 million which is US$89 million less than the value without operation, and the main contributions for that decrease were from water bodies, wetlands and estuaries. It is expected that this article can attract more interest to explore this field adopting geographic methods.

Research on the Spatial Distribution of Ecosystem Service Value in Guangxi and Its Ecological Protection Countermeasure

90 counties (cities) in Guangxi Province being taken as the tested region,the ecosystem service value of those counties (cities) was measured with the data of land-using in 2005 by means of the Table of Terrestrial Ecosystem Services Value in China.The result indicated that the value of the ecosystem services per unit was divided into 3 categories:the first category with high ecosystem services value,the second category with medium ecosystem services value and the third category with low ecosystem services value.The region of the first category was mainly distributed in the mountain area of northern,northwestern,eastern and northeast part of Guangxi;the second category,in the hilly area of southern part and the mountain area in the southwestern part of Guangxi and the third category,in the basin area of central Guangxi,the karst area of western and northwestern Guangxi Province.

Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Variation Characteristics of the bvalue in the Hetao Seismic Belt

Focusing on the b-value as the research target and under the theoretical framework that the b-value is determined by stress state and medium properties, the variation characteristics of the b-value in the Hetao seismic belt are analyzed. Earthquakes with ML≥1. 5,which have occurred in the Hetao seismic belt since 1970 are selected to conduct the quantitative detection of the non-uniform temporal change of Mcusing the EMR method. Based on the actual situation of seismic activity,the lower limit magnitude is set as ML2. 0 to calculate the b-value. The temporal variation of the b-value is calculated and scanned using the least square method. The results show that there is a good corresponding relationship between the temporal variation of the b-value,strong earthquake activity,network distribution and aftershock deletion. We also calculate and scan the spatial variation of the b-value by using maximum likelihood. The results show that the spatial difference is possibly caused by stress state and crustal medium properties. The tectonic dependence of the b-value is obvious. In addition,the sufficient earthquakes samples in each magnitude interval are still a key step to improve the calculation accuracy of the b-value.

Spatial Development Structure and Value Assessment Research of Tourism Resources in Panzhihua City

On the basis of analyzing categories and distribution of tourism resources in Panzhihua City,spatial distribution features of the resources were explored,and spatial combination laws proposed pertinently,quantitative and qualitative methods used to evaluate value of tourism resources in the city,and suggestions given for the hierarchical development of local tourism resources.

Fractal analysis on the spatial distribution of acoustic emission in the failure process of rock specimens

The spatial distribution of acoustic emission （AE） events in the failure process of several rock specimens was acquired using an advanced AE acquiring and analyzing system. The box counting method （BCM） was employed to calculate the fractal dimension （FD） of AE spatial distribution. There is a similar correlation between the fractal dimension and the load strength for different rock specimens. The fractal dimension presents a decreasing trend with the increase of load strength. For the same kind of specimens, their FD values will decrease to the level below a relatively same value when they reach failure. This value can be regarded as the critical value, which implies that the specimen will reach failure soon. The results reflect that it is possible to correlate the damage of rock with a macroscopic parameter, the FD value of AE signals. Furthermore, the FD value can be also used to forecast the final failure of rock. This conclusion allows identifying or predicting the damage in rock with a great advantage over the classic theory and is very crucial for forecasting rockburst or other dynamic disasters in mines.

高品质空间规划引领高质量发展:逻辑关联、响应路径与关键维度

研究目的:探索高质量发展目标与空间规划的逻辑关联,明晰空间规划引领高质量发展的响应路径,提出高品质空间规划应当注重的若干关键维度。研究方法:文献梳理法和归纳演绎法。研究结果:(1)阐明高质量发展的政治经济学要义在于提升社会总生产的使用价值,相应要实现空间使用价值的有效提升与交换价值的合理增长。(2)指出高质量发展对空间规划的需求,以及空间规划在要素配置、空间协同、创新引领、场景营造和政策供给等方面的总体响应路径。(3)提出高品质空间规划尤其要重视若干关键维度,包括尊重科学规律、前瞻战略引领、主动弹性应变、以人为本、价值活力提升等。研究结论:空间规划是统筹发展要素配置与实体空间建设的公共政策,将多维度的高质量发展理念融入空间规划,有利于形成理想主义、理性主义和现实主义紧密融合的高品质国土空间规划体系。

Continuous-cyclic variations in the b-value of the earthquake frequency-magnitude distribution

Seismicity of the Earth （M ≥ 4.5） was compiled from NEIC, IRIS and ISC catalogues and used to compute b-value based on various time windows. It is found that continuous cyclic b-variations occur on both long and short time scales, the latter being of much higher value and sometimes in excess of 0.7 of the absolute b-value. These variations occur not only yearly or monthly, but also daily. Before the occurrence of large earthquakes, b-values start increasing with variable gradients that are affected by foreshocks. In some cases, the gradient is reduced to zero or to a negative value a few days before the earthquake occurrence. In general, calculated b-values attain maxima 1 day before large earthquakes and minima soon after their occurrence. Both linear regression and maximum likelihood methods give correlatable, but variable results. It is found that an expanding time window technique from a fixed starting point is more effective in the study of b-variations. The calculated b-variations for the whole Earth, its hemispheres, quadrants and the epicentral regions of some large earthquakes are of both local and regional character, which may indicate that in such cases, the geodynamic processes acting within a certain region have a much regional effect within the Earth. The b-variations have long been known to vary with a number of local and regional factors including tectonic stresses. The results reported here indicate that geotectonic stress remains the most significant factor that controls b-variations. It is found that for earthquakes with Mw ≥ 7, an increase of about 0.20 in the b-value implies a stress increase that will result in an earthquake with a magnitude one unit higher.

沉浸式演艺的空间生产与价值表达研究

以列斐伏尔空间生产理论为基础,沉浸式演艺中的个体在空间中表现为“沉浸在场”这一新型在场方式,基于其形式、内容和作用特征,沉浸式演艺的复合媒介、叙事文本和互动体验这三大要素相互交织、共同作用,构成介质空间、叙事空间和应答空间“三位一体”的空间生产机制,在个体与空间的双向互动过程中建构起沉浸式演艺的空间价值,通过场景塑造、合理应用科技激发空间效能,内容表达、彰显空间的文化价值,主题IP培育、构建文化传播话语体系这三方面实现沉浸式演艺的价值表达。

Impacts of the north migration of China＇s rice production on its ecosystem service value during the last three decades (1980-2014)

The ecosystem services value （ESV） of rice system has received increasing attention in agricultural policy decision. Over the last three decades, China＇s rice production presented an obviously trend that moving towards north locations. However, the impacts of this migration on the ESV of rice production have not been well documented. In this paper, we analyzed the change of the ESV of rice production in China under ＂north migration＂ and ＂no migration＂ scenarios during 1980-2014 based on long-term historical data. The results showed that both the positive and negative ESVs of rice production were lower under ＂north migration＂ than under ＂no migration＂ scenarios. The total ESV during 1980-2014 was reduced by 15.8%. ＂North migration＂ significantly reduced the area-scaled ESV since the early 1990s; while its impact on yield-scaled ESV was not significant. The effects of＂north migration＂ on ESV showed great spatial variation. The greatest reduction in total and area-scaled ESV was observed in south locations. While the yield-scaled ESVs of most south locations were enhanced under ＂north migration＂ scenario. These results indicated that ＂north migration＂ has generated adverse effects on the ESV of rice production. An adjustment in the spatial distribution is essential to protecting the non-production benefits of rice ecosystem.

Spatial Function Regionalization Based on an Ecological-economic Analysis in Wuxi City, China

As a result of rapid urbanization in China, urban sprawl has increased rapidly, and land-use regulation and smart urban growth are equally important. Spatial function regionalization can provide the scientific groundwork for the regulation of land use and protection. This paper probes the system of evaluation indices and applies the methods of spatial analysis and classification clustering to the calculation of the ecologically significant value and economically significant value in each evaluation unit. After use of a classification matrix integrated by the two significant values, city space can be divided into four functional types, namely, feasible development area, moderate development area, moderate conservation area and prohibited exploiting area, and these are the basis for spatial development and control.

基于空间句法的矿井应急疏散研究与应用

地下矿井作业危险,空间拓扑结构复杂,因而矿山安全事故时有发生,合理的应急疏散路线规划以及疏散指示布置,能够有效提高井下人员的逃生效率,降低人员伤亡与财产损失。结合某地下矿井实例,基于空间句法和GIS网络分析搭建地下矿井巷道网络模型,从逃生人员的空间认知角度出发,利用标准化角度选择度值选取巷道网络模型中的前景网络和背景网络作为主要避险通道,为应急疏散指示标志布置提供参考;考虑巷道宽度、巷道类型、巷道坡度等巷道基础属性信息,并结合空间句法指标——标准化角度整合度,构建巷道网络应急脆弱模型,顾及巷道空间单元的稳定性,规划井下人员的最优认知路径,进而实现了多目标的地下矿井紧急疏散路线规划。该研究不仅能够为地下矿井的巷道布局设计提供建议,还可为地下矿井的应急疏散路线规划辅助决策、应急预案制定提供理论依据,同时为紧急避险系统的建设与完善提供新的思路。

国土空间规划的生态服务价值评估和方案优选——基于“土地利用+生态效能”的双维复合视角

生态文明建设是国土空间规划的核心价值观,但当前对于国土空间规划方案的生态效益却缺乏定量评估的相关方法。论文对谢高地等的生态服务价值评估方法做了一定改进,并应用于国土空间规划的多情景评估和优选,定量评估规划干预带来的生态效益。首先,认为生态服务价值受土地利用类型和生态服务效能这两个维度的复合作用,并探索了生态服务效能的修正指标和修正系数。其次,解析了国土空间规划作用于这两个维度的途径,即通过用地布局规划改变土地利用类型、通过生态措施影响生态服务效能,从而提出了国土空间规划多方案的生态服务价值评估方法,以及优选优化思路。最后,结合武汉市法泗街道案例的应用示例,为国土空间规划的编制与决策提供一定参考。

“一带一路”倡议与全球价值链升级——基于沿线国家的实证数据

基于2007—2020年“一带一路”沿线国家的样本数据,利用多期双重差分模型实证检验了“一带一路”倡议对沿线国家的价值链升级作用。研究结果证实:“一带一路”倡议对于沿线国家全球价值链发展具有显著正向影响。机制分析表明:“一带一路”倡议对沿线国家存在“虹吸效应”,有利于沿线国家的发展。此外,政策沟通对于倡议的推行具有积极的促进作用。研究结果不仅证实了倡议对于沿线国家价值链升级的正向影响,也论证了其中存在的影响机制,为未来进一步的研究提供了理论支撑和有益探索。

Spatial Modeling of the Highest Daily Maximum Temperature in Korea via Max-stable Processes

This paper examines the annual highest daily maximum temperature （DMT） in Korea by using data from 56 weather stations and employing spatial extreme modeling. Our approach is based on max-stable processes （MSP） with Schlather＇s characterization. We divide the country into four regions for a better model fit and identify the best model for each region. We show that regional MSP modeling is more suitable than MSP modeling for the entire region and the pointwise generalized extreme value distribution approach. The advantage of spatial extreme modeling is that more precise and robust return levels and some indices of the highest temperatures can be obtained for observation stations and for locations with no observed data, and so help to determine the effects and assessment of vulnerability as well as to downscale extreme events.

基于时空运行的土地资产综合价值评价探析——以城市更新为研究对象

在阐述土地资产时空特征的基础上,创新性地提出了时空运行下土地资产的综合价值内涵和评价目标。从科学规划价值的引领作用有待加强、综合价值评估体系有待完善、部门联动评估机制有待优化、数字智能基础有待稳定四个方面对影响土地资产综合价值评估的瓶颈问题进行了分析和梳理。以城市更新为研究对象,分析了空间区位、经济发展、生态保护、社会治理等土地资产综合价值的关键评价因素,并以此为基础构建了“区域-经济-生态-社会”土地资产综合价值评估体系,提出了评价指标构建、评价路径设置、价值指标计算等综合价值评估的新思路。围绕有效实施土地资产综合价值评估提出管理策略:①注重成本控制和资金平衡;②加强评估联动和管理协调;③促进科学评估和有效利用。

一种基于模糊融合规则的CFAR检测器

针对单元平均恒虚警检测器(CA-CFAR)在多目标干扰和杂波边缘效应下的性能局限,提出了基于子参考窗口中最小选择单元的恒定虚警检测器(MCA-CFAR)。通过选择子参考单元中的最小单元格,显著提升了检测器的性能,并在瑞利分布背景下详细推导了检测概率、虚警率和检测阈值。为进一步优化性能,设计了模糊逻辑融合检测器(FUMCA-CFAR),它利用两个传感器计算空间隶属函数值,并通过代数和、代数积、MAX、MIN四种规则进行融合,实现了平滑输出,减少了目标信息的丢失。仿真实验表明,基于代数和融合的FUMCA-CFAR检测器在均匀和非均匀背景下均展现出优异的检测性能和抗干扰能力。

青藏高原生态资产空间差异及其价值化潜力

科学合理地开发生态资产、促进其价值转化,是发展生态经济、推动生态文明建设的重要举措,对于促进生态敏感地区人与自然和谐共生、保障高质量可持续发展具有现实意义。以青藏高原为研究区,基于土地利用类型及其质量,从资源实物和生态服务两个类别开展生态资产评估和空间分布研究,融合生态产品供给-需求理论评价生态资产价值化潜力,进而解析生态资产及其价值化潜力的空间匹配关系,提出促进生态资产价值化的科学建议。结果表明:青藏高原生态资产类型多样,空间集聚特征明显,生态资产综合指数热点区主要分布在中部的羌塘、青南和川西藏东等地区,冷点区则分布在南部的山地灌丛及周边地区;生态服务类资产指数与生态资产综合指数呈现类似的空间分布格局,资源实物类资产指数的格局随地形地貌和气候气象的不同而有所差异;生态资产价值化潜力受到区位交通、资源禀赋、经济社会发展条件等多重因素影响,川西藏东、青东祁连的东部边缘地带价值化潜力更高、热点区更为集聚。基于生态资产禀赋及其价值化潜力划分为高资产-高潜力、高资产-低潜力、低资产-高潜力、低资产-低潜力四种分区类型,针对性提出了加大生态保护力度、合理开发生态资源、完善交通和服务设施、差异化开发生态产品等政策建议。

空间自回归模型下不完整大数据缺失值插补算法

针对不完整大数据因其自身结构具有不规则性,导致在进行缺失值插补时计算量大、插补精度低的问题,提出空间自回归模型下不完整大数据缺失值插补算法。利用迁移学习算法在动态权重下过滤出原始数据中冗余数据,区分异常和正常数据,提取残缺数据,采用最小二乘回归对残缺数据实施修补。将缺失值插补分为3种类型,分别为一阶空间自回归模型插补、空间自回归模型插补和多重插补法。根据实际情况将修补后数据插补到合适的位置,实现不完整大数据缺失值插补。实验结果表明,所提方法具有良好的缺失值插补能力。