The Hesitance of Nurses to Apply for Midwifery Specialization: Explorative Qualitative Study

Background: Many countries across the world are facing an ongoing shortage of midwife practitioners due to several reasons such as increased workload, working overtime, poor-quality midwifery care, low staff morale, stress and burnout, lack of opportunity for training, lack of management support, financial issues and lack of recognition and compromised autonomy. Purpose: To explore the reasons behind nurses’ hesitance to apply for midwifery specialization. The objectives of this study were to understand the challenges that lie in front of Omani nurses and the motivational factors to apply for a midwifery programme. Method: Exploratory qualitative study was conducted at the largest tertiary hospital in Oman. Purposive sampling was applied for participant recruitment. Face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions were used as data collection methods. The study included general nurses, nurses in charge working in the maternity unit as well as nurses whose applications were accepted for midwifery education. Qualified midwives were excluded. The data collection process yielded twenty-five nurses. The interview protocol highlighted the impact and perception of the midwifery specialization on nurses’ careers. Thematic analysis was employed for data analysis. Results: Three over-arching major themes were identified. These are 1) nurses’ perceptions about the nature of work in maternity wards, the nurses have positive perception toward working in maternity wards and labor room because of working exclusively with female patients and their babies 2) factors influencing the decision to study midwifery specialization, work overload, stress, lack of support from administration were the most common reason behind the nurses not to apply for midwifery specialization and 3) support and recommendations required for midwives, the nurses mentioned that their identity, promotions and support from the administration will encourage them to apply for midwifery specialization. Conclusion: One of the main reasons that hindered nurses from applying to midwifery specialization is the false belief that midwives cannot work outside the delivery suite (DS). The second reason was the stress that midwives encounter at DS, and this was perceived by general nurses who did not work at DS. These challenges could be mitigated by leadership support, midwifery profession identity, as well as financial recognition for the midwives.

Preface to the Special Issue on Challenges and Possibilities of Magnetic Semiconductors

Magnetic semiconductors have been pursued for over 50 years because they combine two critical components of modern information technology: semiconductors for logic and magnets for memory. Remarkably, boosted by the discovery of ferromagnetism in the (III,Mn)As system two decades ago, magnetic semiconductors have become one of leading material systems which are critical for future applications in energy efficient information technology, quantum computing, and quantum communication. However, after more than a decade of rapid development, the ongoing research in magnetic semiconductors must now face reality:"Is it possible to create magnetic semiconductors that work at room temperature?" To answer this question, great efforts have recently been made in theory and experiments to discover and design new material platforms to host magnetic ions. These recent advances have thus revived our understanding of the field and lifted the field off for a new opportunity.

Nutritional Challenges of Children with Disabilities in Special Needs Center in Mainland, Lagos State, Nigeria

The study determined the nutritional challenges of persons with disability in special needs centers in mainland,Lagos State.Three research questions guided the study.Survey research design was adopted.The population of the study was 57.No sampling was done since the population was a manageable size.Validated questionnaire was used for data collection.Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation.Findings showed that the types of disabilities among children in special need centers in Lagos State included among others:physical disability,learning disability,cerebral palsy,Down syndrome,attention deficit disorder/attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),autism and speech and language disorder.Findings also revealed that the nutritional needs of children with disability included feeding on different foods,drinking water regularly,taking fruits daily,and ensuring that their nutrient requirements are met daily.Findings indicated that the nutritional challenges of children with disability included among others:excessive salivation,frequent constipation,inability to feed oneself,depending on care givers for feeding,food dropping from the mouth while being fed and difficulty in chewing and swallowing foods.Conclusion was made.Among recommendations made was that children with disabilities should be provided with variety of foods daily to meet their nutritional needs and parents/caregivers should devote more feeding time to the disabled child.

Guest Editorial for Special Issue on Human-centered Intelligent Robots:Issues and Challenges

The special issue aims to address a broad spectrum of topics ranging from human-centered intelligent robots acting as a servant,secretary,or companion to intelligent robotic functions.The special issue publishes original papers of innovative ideas and concepts,new discoveries,and novel applications and business models relevant to the field of human-centered intelligent robots.In this special issue,modeling,intelligent control,

Opportunities and challenges for the development of traditional Chinese medicinenursing under the new healthcare reform

Based on the “Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Medicine and Health”, “Strategic planning outline of thedevelopment of Traditional Chinese Medicine （2016-2030）” and the other relevant polices announced by StateAdministration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, this paper analyzes and summarizesthe opportunities and challenges for the development of Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing （TCM nursing） under thenew healthcare reform, in order to provide reference and thinking for the professional development of TCM nursing.

Brief Analyses of the Green Development Concept of the Belt and Road Initiative

Currently,the global environmental capacity is tightening,climate change challenges are inten sifying and reverse globalization risks are prominent.The outbreak of COVID-19 at the end of 2019 has been a wake-up call for mankind,forcing us to think more deeply about development.In order to promote solutions to the new challenges facing the world,Chinese President Xi Jinping pointed out that sustainable development is the convergence point of the greatest interests of all parties and the best entry point for cooperation.China is committed to green development throughout the Belt and Road Initiative in order to enhance the ecological and environmental protection capacity of countries and regions along the Belt and Road route,and promote the collective development of a green Belt and Road Initiative.

Thoroughly Testing Einstein’s Special Relativity Theory, and More

Einstein’s Special Relativity (ESR) has enjoyed spectacular success as a mathematical construct and in terms of the experiments to which it has been subjected. Possible vulnerabilities of ESR will be explored that break the symmetry of reciprocal observations of length, time, and mass. It is shown how Newton could also have derived length contraction . Einstein’s General Relativity (EGR) will also be discussed occasionally such as a changed perspective on gravitational waves due to a small change in ESR. Some additional questions addressed are: Did Einstein totally eliminate the Ether? Is the physical interpretation of ESR completely correct? Why should there be a maximum speed limit, and should it always be the same? The mass-energy equation is revisited to show that in 1717 Newton could have derived the modern , and not known that it violates the foundation of his mechanics. Tributes are paid to Einstein and others.

新时代全面从严治党:内涵、议题和路径

中国特色社会主义新时代对全面从严治党的要求是:中国共产党必须在全面建设社会主义现代化国家、以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的征程上始终成为坚强的领导核心,充分发挥党总揽全局、协调各方的作用,进而完成党肩负的历史使命。这一特定要求意味着新时代全面从严治党的内涵是中国共产党必须解决大党独有难题,进而保持党的先锋队性质。新时代全面从严治党围绕贯彻党的全面领导,保证党的团结统一,维护党中央权威和集中统一领导,加强执政队伍建设,调动全党积极性、主动性、创造性,对权力进行有效监督,涵养政治生态等议题系统推进。全面从严治党的议题决定了路径选择。新时代全面从严治党的路径包括:从政治建设入手贯彻党的全面领导,从强化理论武装入手增强党的团结统一,从发展民主集中制入手维护党中央权威和集中统一领导,从提高政治能力入手加强执政队伍建设,从发扬民主和强化使命入手调动全党的积极性、主动性、创造性,从党内监督和群众监督相结合入手强化对权力的监督,从党的自我革命带动社会革命入手涵养政治生态。

解决大党独有难题的合目的性与合规律性

本源上,历史选择的党建国家模式所内含的永葆执政党先进性要求,是造成大党独有难题的根本缘由。因此,不断充实党长期执政所要求的先进性条件以巩固党的执政地位,进而跳出历史周期率构成解决大党独有难题的合目的性要求。合目的性进入实践并向合规律性转换,其内在要求之一是坚持将跳出历史周期率的“两个答案”结合起来形成合力;要求之二是坚持走深、走实党的领导、人民当家作主与依法治国有机统一之路。时刻保持解决大党独有难题的清醒和坚定的要求,就是坚持合目的性与合规律性相统一。

大党“破题之钥”:以全过程人民民主健全全面从严治党体系

如何跳出治乱兴衰历史周期率,破解大党独有难题,是中国共产党坚持探索的重要问题,也是关系民族复兴大业的关键所在。基于对大党独有难题理论意蕴的把握,可以发现,全过程人民民主和全面从严治党是在实践中形成的跳出历史周期率的“两个答案”:全面从严治党具有从严以尚贤、任贤而兴民、民主护安邦的思想基础,并蕴含在其全面性、严格性和治理性的内在特质之中;而全过程人民民主既为全面从严治党提供了实践标尺,同时其发展也需要以全面从严治党作为保障。未来应通过发展维护党的全面领导的有效体制机制,探索人民群众监督与党内监督有机结合的有效方式,拓宽全面从严治党“靠人民”的有效渠道,进一步以全过程人民民主健全全面从严治党体系,将中国共产党的执政优势转化为实现中华民族伟大复兴的强大动能。

中国共产党对大党建设的历史探索及其启示

中国共产党对于建设和治理大党有着长期深入的思考和丰富的实践,在革命、建设、改革和新时代各个历史时期,中国共产党不断结合党的实际探索大党建设的路径,取得了丰硕的成果。党的十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央站在巩固党长期执政地位的战略高度,开辟了新时代全面从严治党的新局面,使党的自我革命展现出新的气象。中国共产党对大党建设的历史探索启示我们:要对党的队伍和自身发展发生的深刻变化保持高度清醒,把提高党的建设质量放在突出位置;要对组织规模扩大对组织结构的影响保持高度清醒,进一步健全维护党中央权威和集中统一领导的制度;要对大党建设的长期性和复杂性保持高度清醒,确保党不变质不变色不变味,确保党始终赢得人民拥护、巩固长期执政地位。

大党独有难题的出场意蕴、内涵指向与解决路径

大党独有难题是以习近平同志为核心的党中央立足新时代新征程管党治党的战略自信、战略自觉和战略清醒而提出的新的重大命题,体现了对大党兴衰成败经验教训的深刻镜鉴、对大党治理面临共同问题的深邃思考、以大党忧患意识应对变局的历史自觉和以大党善治实现长期执政的历史主动。马克思在19世纪的无产阶级革命语境中阐述的“真正革命的党”具有存续时间长、组织规模大、使命任务重、精神气质佳、聚合能力强、法纪约束严的鲜明特质,对理解大党独有难题“六个如何始终”的内涵指向具有重要的参照与启示意义。勇于自我革命是中国共产党最鲜明的品格,是解决大党独有难题的成功路径。我们党要着眼于自我革命的主体维度、过程维度、目标维度和时效维度,在革命主体和革命对象、主观认识和客观实践、长远目标和阶段目标、量变积累和质变革新的统一中解决大党独有难题,把党建设得更加坚强有力,跳出治乱兴衰历史周期率。

党的十八大以来我国职业教育改革的成就、经验、挑战与展望

党的十八大以来,我国职业教育改革取得了世人瞩目的成就,逐步构建起中高职贯通、职普融通、职继协同的现代职业教育体系,完善了职业教育产教融合的办学模式,在服务国家重大战略上获得了显著成效;积累了职业教育改革的诸多成功经验,主要体现在坚持党的领导、坚持依法治理职业教育、坚持以人民为中心、坚持多元主体协同参与等方面。同时,人工智能发展、产业转型升级、人口结构变动、推进乡村振兴等经济社会发展实际和国家发展战略也给职业教育改革带来了新的挑战。展望未来,职业教育改革需要直面挑战,通过完善管理体制、调整专业设置、改进办学模式等手段,主动对接人工智能、赋能助力产业升级、积极应对人口变动、全面服务乡村振兴,以增强职业教育适应性,促进职业教育高质量发展。

世汉学会“国际中文教育”专栏建设:样态特征、现实挑战与优化路径

世界汉语教学学会“国际中文教育”专栏是刊载国际中文教育领域专业化、精品化、特色化、创新化研究成果的平台,对构建国际中文教育学科体系、学术体系和话语体系具有重要意义。本文首先阐释建设“国际中文教育”专栏的内涵意蕴。接着从基本情况、刊文情况、作者发文情况、稿件情况、学术影响、数字化发展等方面呈现专栏建设的样态特征。然后剖析专栏建设中面临的现实挑战:刊文与专业相关性不够,稿件的数量较多但质量不一,影响力有待提升,国际化程度不高,数字化发展难题亟须破解,刊文与专业相关性不够。最后提出“国际中文教育”专栏建设的优化路径:改善期刊专栏的发展生态,加强专栏的“四化”建设,着力培育中青年学者,加强期刊专栏的宣传力度,提升期刊专栏国际化程度,实现专栏数字化转型发展,以期更好地服务国际中文教育“三大体系”建设。

习近平总书记关于党的建设的重要思想对马克思主义执政党建设规律认识的升华

习近平总书记关于党的建设的重要思想是中国化马克思主义党建理论体系的最新成果,也是新时代马克思主义执政党建设规律的理论结晶,“十三个坚持”正是对这一重要思想内容的高度概括。管党有方、治党有力、建党有效是马克思主义执政党建设质量提升的重要表现。习近平总书记关于党的建设的重要思想创造性地将系统观念、辩证思维融合到理论阐发中,总体上从管党、治党、建党三个层面实现了对马克思主义执政党建设规律认识的升华。这一重要思想为深入推进新时代党的建设新的伟大工程、做好新时代组织工作提供了根本遵循,并将科学指引马克思主义执政党建设到达“解决大党独有难题”的真理彼岸。

在解决大党独有难题中提高党的领导水平——基于习近平对邓小平相关重要思想继承与发展的视角

改革开放后,中国共产党面临着新的执政环境、执政挑战,大党独有难题也呈现出新特点、新表现。以邓小平为主要代表的中国共产党人认为,中国共产党之为“大党”,不仅表现在大的规模、大的底蕴方面,更表现在大的目标、大的情怀等方面。改革开放的考验、市场经济的挑战、长期执政的难题、复杂国情的影响等,是导致独有难题的重要因素。解决大党独有难题,需要加强党的领导、推进制度建设、注重组织建设、强化纪律建设、坚持反腐倡廉。新时代以来,以习近平同志为主要代表的中国共产党人继承和发展了邓小平所领导和开创的伟大事业,也对大党独有难题的大党之义、独有之因、破解之道进行了与时俱进的深化和拓展。

新工科背景下地方高校环境类专业工程文化建设探索与实践

该文基于国家新工科的战略需求、河北工业大学的人才培养定位、能源与环境工程学院文化建设的背景及环境类专业的特色,对环境类专业工程文化建设的背景意义及建设要点进行分析,建设内容包括明晰具备环境类特色的工程文化教育理念、塑造涵盖工程文化理念的环境类培养目标、构建合理融入工程文化的环境类课程体系、丰富环境类工程文化教育的内涵、打造“党建-思政-文化”“双融双促”机制。旨在建成以环境类专业为示范的工程文化建设资源库,建立一个科学完善的、可在工科类院校推广应用的工程文化教育实施体系。重点解决典型工科专业中工程教育与人文教育融合程度差、协同育人效果弱化的问题,提升学生的综合素养,对地方工科院校具有借鉴意义。

“时刻保持解决大党独有难题的清醒和坚定”——学习习近平总书记关于大党独有难题重要论述

习近平总书记关于大党独有难题的重要论述通过对党的悠久历史的深刻考量、对党的极大体量的精准研判和对党的领导地位的清醒认知,科学归置出大党独有难题的形成原因。以联系的观点谋划体系健全、以发展的观点明确战略部署、以矛盾的观点分析尺度依止,是辩证理解习近平总书记对大党独有难题破解之道的三重维度。在新时代新征程上,习近平总书记关于大党独有难题的重要论述指明了自我革命的前进方向,提高了全党上下的忧患意识,筑牢了民族复兴的坚强保障,彰显出深厚的政治智慧和独特的创新价值。

破解大党独有难题的理与路

作为世界上最大的马克思主义执政党,中国共产党之“大”在给党带来独有优势的同时,也使党面临“六个如何始终”的独有难题。破解这些难题,是实现新时代新征程党的使命任务、深入推进全面从严治党和巩固党的长期执政地位的必然要求,需在坚持和加强党的全面领导、始终牢记党的初心使命、不断深化党的自我革命和持续强化能力训练等方面综合发力。