Objective and methods To evaluate synaptic changes using synaptophysin immunohistochemstry in rat and mouse, which spinal cords were subjected to graded compression trauma at the level of Th8-9. Result...Objective and methods To evaluate synaptic changes using synaptophysin immunohistochemstry in rat and mouse, which spinal cords were subjected to graded compression trauma at the level of Th8-9. Results Normal animals showed numerous fine dots of synaptophysin immunoreactivity in the gray matter. An increase in synaptophysin immunoreactivity was observed in the neuropil and synapses at the surface of motor neurons of the anterior horns in the ThS-9 segments lost immunoreactivity at 4-hour point after trauma. The immunoreactive synapses reappeared around motor neurons at 9-day point. Unexpected accumulation of synaptophysin immunoreactivity occurred in injured axons of the white matter of the compressed spinal cord. Conclusion Synaptic changes were important components of secondary injuries in spinal cord trauma. Loss of synapses on motor neurons may be one of the factors causing motor dysfunction of hind limbs and formation of new synapses may play an import,ant role in recovery of motor function. Synaptophysin immunohistochemistry is also a good tool for studies of axonal swellings in spinal cord injuries.展开更多
Objective To analyze the clinical features of the multiple trauma patients combined with spine and spinal cord injuries.Methods A retrospective study was performed in143multiple trauma patients combined with spine and...Objective To analyze the clinical features of the multiple trauma patients combined with spine and spinal cord injuries.Methods A retrospective study was performed in143multiple trauma patients combined with spine and spinal展开更多
Graphene and graphene-based materials have the ability to induce stem cells to differentiate into neurons,which is necessary to overcome the current problems faced in the clinical treatment of spinal cord injury.This ...Graphene and graphene-based materials have the ability to induce stem cells to differentiate into neurons,which is necessary to overcome the current problems faced in the clinical treatment of spinal cord injury.This review summarizes the advantages of graphene and graphene-based materials(in particular,composite materials)in axonal repair after spinal cord injury.These materials have good histocompatibility,and mechanical and adsorption properties that can be targeted to improve the environment of axonal regeneration.They also have good conductivity,which allows them to make full use of electrical nerve signal stimulation in spinal cord tissue to promote axonal regeneration.Furthermore,they can be used as carriers of seed cells,trophic factors,and drugs in nerve tissue engineering scaffolds to provide a basis for constructing a local microenvironment after spinal cord injury.However,to achieve clinical adoption of graphene and graphene-based materials for the repair of spinal cord injury,further research is needed to reduce their toxicity.展开更多
Spinal cord injury(SCI) leads to social and psychological problems in patients and requires costly treatment and care. In recent years, various pharmacological agents have been tested for acute SCI. Large scale, prosp...Spinal cord injury(SCI) leads to social and psychological problems in patients and requires costly treatment and care. In recent years, various pharmacological agents have been tested for acute SCI. Large scale, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trials have failed to demonstrate marked neurological benefit in contrast to their success in the laboratory. Today, the most important problem is ineffectiveness of nonsurgical treatment choices in human SCI that showed neuroprotective effectsin animal studies. Recently, attempted cellular therapy and transplantations are promising. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of SCI started in the early 1980 s. Research had been looking at neuroprotection in the 1980 s and the first half of 1990 s and regeneration studies started in the second half of the 1990 s. A number of studies on surgical timing suggest that early surgical intervention is safe and feasible, can improve clinical and neurological outcomes and reduce health care costs, and minimize the secondary damage caused by compression of the spinal cord after trauma. This article reviews current evidence for early surgical decompression and nonsurgical treatment options, including pharmacological and cellular therapy, as the treatment choices for SCI.展开更多
Objectives: Interest of this study is to report four cases of spinal cord injuries without bone lesion. Evolution of the injured patients according to the initial clinic assessment at admission and the treatment perfo...Objectives: Interest of this study is to report four cases of spinal cord injuries without bone lesion. Evolution of the injured patients according to the initial clinic assessment at admission and the treatment performed are discussed. Materials and Methods: From January to December 2016, we performed a retrospective study at the Neurosurgery Department of Hospital General Grand Yoff of Dakar. Four patients were followed for spinal cord injury without visible bone lesions. We analyzed the clinical, radiological, therapeutic and evolutionary data. Trauma caused by stabbing was excluded. Results: In a year, 83 cases of spinal trauma with neurological deficit were hospitalized in the department. Among them, 4 had spinal cord injuries without visible bone lesions. The average age was 31.7 years with extremes ranging from 14 to 47 years. The sex ratio of male/female was 3. We have recorded 2 cases of road traffic accidents, 1 case of fall from height and 1 case of sports accident. On the neurological level, we found 3 cases of tetraplegia, and 1 brachial monoplegia. Computed tomography in all patients was normal. All of them benefited from magnetic resonance imaging that showed spinal cord injury. All patients were under conservative treatment. One patient fully recovered, two partially and one passed away. Conclusion: In presence of any post traumatic myelopathy case, the absence of disco-vertebral lesions should bring to mind the SCIWORA as well as indicate the realization of magnetic resonance imaging.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Traumatic central cord syndrome(TCCS) is the most frequently encountered incomplete spinal cord injury, and it is a relatively rare situation in children younger than 15 years, but may have serious consequ...BACKGROUND: Traumatic central cord syndrome(TCCS) is the most frequently encountered incomplete spinal cord injury, and it is a relatively rare situation in children younger than 15 years, but may have serious consequences.METHODS: We report the case of a 2-year-old female child with upper extremity weakness following a simple fall. All vitals and systemic examination findings were normal, except for 2/5 muscular strength in the upper extremities. While radiographic imaging showed no pathologic fi ndings, MRI exposed spinal injury. The patient was treated conservatively with medication only. The medical treatment of the patient consisted of anti-edema treatment with methylprednisolone in the first 24 hours; 330 mg of methylprednisolone infused in the first hour, followed by 59 mg per hour during the next 23 hours. Along with pharmacological treatment, she received physiotherapy sessions during her 11-day hospitalization period.RESULTS: The child had full recovery within 6 months after conservative treatment.CONCLUSION: Neurological deficit without plain radiographic evidence in pediatric spinal trauma patients is a rare but signifi cant incident.展开更多
基金This study was approved by the Uppsala Ethical Committee for Animal Research. It was supported by grants from the Swedish Association of Neurologically Disabled the Swedish Society for Medical Research (project no.950006) and the National Natural Scien
文摘Objective and methods To evaluate synaptic changes using synaptophysin immunohistochemstry in rat and mouse, which spinal cords were subjected to graded compression trauma at the level of Th8-9. Results Normal animals showed numerous fine dots of synaptophysin immunoreactivity in the gray matter. An increase in synaptophysin immunoreactivity was observed in the neuropil and synapses at the surface of motor neurons of the anterior horns in the ThS-9 segments lost immunoreactivity at 4-hour point after trauma. The immunoreactive synapses reappeared around motor neurons at 9-day point. Unexpected accumulation of synaptophysin immunoreactivity occurred in injured axons of the white matter of the compressed spinal cord. Conclusion Synaptic changes were important components of secondary injuries in spinal cord trauma. Loss of synapses on motor neurons may be one of the factors causing motor dysfunction of hind limbs and formation of new synapses may play an import,ant role in recovery of motor function. Synaptophysin immunohistochemistry is also a good tool for studies of axonal swellings in spinal cord injuries.
文摘Objective To analyze the clinical features of the multiple trauma patients combined with spine and spinal cord injuries.Methods A retrospective study was performed in143multiple trauma patients combined with spine and spinal
基金supported by the Lanzhou Talent Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project,No.2020-RC-40(to XXW and YBL)Cuiying Scientific Training Program for Undergraduates of Lanzhou University Second Hospital,Nos.CYXZ2020-03,CYXZ2021-01(both to YBL).
文摘Graphene and graphene-based materials have the ability to induce stem cells to differentiate into neurons,which is necessary to overcome the current problems faced in the clinical treatment of spinal cord injury.This review summarizes the advantages of graphene and graphene-based materials(in particular,composite materials)in axonal repair after spinal cord injury.These materials have good histocompatibility,and mechanical and adsorption properties that can be targeted to improve the environment of axonal regeneration.They also have good conductivity,which allows them to make full use of electrical nerve signal stimulation in spinal cord tissue to promote axonal regeneration.Furthermore,they can be used as carriers of seed cells,trophic factors,and drugs in nerve tissue engineering scaffolds to provide a basis for constructing a local microenvironment after spinal cord injury.However,to achieve clinical adoption of graphene and graphene-based materials for the repair of spinal cord injury,further research is needed to reduce their toxicity.
文摘Spinal cord injury(SCI) leads to social and psychological problems in patients and requires costly treatment and care. In recent years, various pharmacological agents have been tested for acute SCI. Large scale, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trials have failed to demonstrate marked neurological benefit in contrast to their success in the laboratory. Today, the most important problem is ineffectiveness of nonsurgical treatment choices in human SCI that showed neuroprotective effectsin animal studies. Recently, attempted cellular therapy and transplantations are promising. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of SCI started in the early 1980 s. Research had been looking at neuroprotection in the 1980 s and the first half of 1990 s and regeneration studies started in the second half of the 1990 s. A number of studies on surgical timing suggest that early surgical intervention is safe and feasible, can improve clinical and neurological outcomes and reduce health care costs, and minimize the secondary damage caused by compression of the spinal cord after trauma. This article reviews current evidence for early surgical decompression and nonsurgical treatment options, including pharmacological and cellular therapy, as the treatment choices for SCI.
文摘Objectives: Interest of this study is to report four cases of spinal cord injuries without bone lesion. Evolution of the injured patients according to the initial clinic assessment at admission and the treatment performed are discussed. Materials and Methods: From January to December 2016, we performed a retrospective study at the Neurosurgery Department of Hospital General Grand Yoff of Dakar. Four patients were followed for spinal cord injury without visible bone lesions. We analyzed the clinical, radiological, therapeutic and evolutionary data. Trauma caused by stabbing was excluded. Results: In a year, 83 cases of spinal trauma with neurological deficit were hospitalized in the department. Among them, 4 had spinal cord injuries without visible bone lesions. The average age was 31.7 years with extremes ranging from 14 to 47 years. The sex ratio of male/female was 3. We have recorded 2 cases of road traffic accidents, 1 case of fall from height and 1 case of sports accident. On the neurological level, we found 3 cases of tetraplegia, and 1 brachial monoplegia. Computed tomography in all patients was normal. All of them benefited from magnetic resonance imaging that showed spinal cord injury. All patients were under conservative treatment. One patient fully recovered, two partially and one passed away. Conclusion: In presence of any post traumatic myelopathy case, the absence of disco-vertebral lesions should bring to mind the SCIWORA as well as indicate the realization of magnetic resonance imaging.
文摘BACKGROUND: Traumatic central cord syndrome(TCCS) is the most frequently encountered incomplete spinal cord injury, and it is a relatively rare situation in children younger than 15 years, but may have serious consequences.METHODS: We report the case of a 2-year-old female child with upper extremity weakness following a simple fall. All vitals and systemic examination findings were normal, except for 2/5 muscular strength in the upper extremities. While radiographic imaging showed no pathologic fi ndings, MRI exposed spinal injury. The patient was treated conservatively with medication only. The medical treatment of the patient consisted of anti-edema treatment with methylprednisolone in the first 24 hours; 330 mg of methylprednisolone infused in the first hour, followed by 59 mg per hour during the next 23 hours. Along with pharmacological treatment, she received physiotherapy sessions during her 11-day hospitalization period.RESULTS: The child had full recovery within 6 months after conservative treatment.CONCLUSION: Neurological deficit without plain radiographic evidence in pediatric spinal trauma patients is a rare but signifi cant incident.
