Bone diseases in rabbits with hyperparathyroidism: computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and histopathology

Background Hyperparathyroidism （HPT） occurs at an early age and has a high disability rate. Unfortunately, confirmed diagnosis in most patients is done at a very late stage, when the patients have shown typical symptoms and signs, and when treatment does not produce any desirable effect. It has become urgent to find a method that would detect early bone diseases in HPT to obtain time for the ideal treatment. This study evaluated the accuracy of high field magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） combined with spiral computed tomography （SCT） scan in detecting early bone diseases in HPT, through imaging techniques and histopathological examinations on an animal model of HPT. Methods Eighty adult rabbits were randomly divided into two groups with forty in each. The control group was fed normal diet （Ca：P = 1：0.7）; the experimental group was fed high phosphate diet （Ca：P = 1：7） for 3, 4, 5, or 6-month intervals to establish the animal model of HPT. The staging and imaging findings of the early bone diseases in HPT were determined by high field MRI and SCT scan at the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th month. Each rabbit was sacrificed after high field MRI and SCT scan, and the parathyroid and bones were removed for pathological examination to evaluate the accuracy of imaging diagnosis. Results Parathyroid histopathological studies revealed hyperplasia, osteoporosis and early cortical bone resorption. The bone diseases in HPT displayed different levels of low signal intensity on T1WI and low to intermediate signal intensity on T2WI in bone of stage 0, Ⅰ, Ⅱ or Ⅲ, but showed correspondingly absent, probable, osteoporotic and subperiosteal cortical resorption on SCT scan. Conclusion High field MRI combined with SCT scan not only detects early bone diseases in HPT, but also indicates staging, and might be a reliable method of studying early bone diseases in HPT.

Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography to measure preoperative parameters of children with pectus excavatum

Importance:Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most common thoracic wall deformity in children,we need a method which could be used to evaluate pulmonary functions and effects on development.Objective:To evaluate the use of 3D T 1-weighted (3 DT 1) and mDIXON magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences for measuring the thoracic parameters and morphology of children with PE,comparing the measurements with those made on computed tomography (CT).Methods:This is a retrospective study of children with thoracic deformities who were hospitalized at the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the Heart Center,Beijing Children's Hospital,between June 2014 and June 2015.Chest CT was performed first,with the MRI scanning then being performed 0-3 days later.The mDIXON sequences were obtained in inspiratory and expiratory phases and the 3DT1 sequences were obtained during free breathing.Thoracic volume was measured using the acquired images.Results:The lung volumes measured on mDIXON MRI and CT were highly correlated,with the Haller index not being significantly different between the two methods.Bland-Altman analyses showed that lung,cardiac,and retrosternal parameters were similar between the two methods.Pulmonary parameters were higher with the end-inspiratory phase mDIXON images than with the end-expiratory phase images,as expected,while cardiac parameters were unaffected by the respiratory phase.Interpretation:Thoracic volumes measured on mDIXON MRI in combination with held respiration could reflect lung volume functions and help in observing the movement functions of the lungs and heart.The method could be used instead of CT,avoiding subjecting the patient to potentially harmful radiation.

Liver involvement in patients with COVID-19 infection:A comprehensive overview of diagnostic imaging features

During the first wave of the pandemic,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection has been considered mainly as a pulmonary infection.However,different clinical and radiological manifestations were observed over time,including involvement of abdominal organs.Nowadays,the liver is considered one of the main affected abdominal organs.Hepatic involvement may be caused by either a direct damage by the virus or an indirect damage related to COVID-19 induced thrombosis or to the use of different drugs.After clinical assessment,radiology plays a key role in the evaluation of liver involvement.Ultrasonography(US),computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)may be used to evaluate liver involvement.US is widely available and it is considered the first-line technique to assess liver involvement in COVID-19 infection,in particular liver steatosis and portal-vein thrombosis.CT and MRI are used as second-and third-line techniques,respectively,considering their higher sensitivity and specificity compared to US for assessment of both parenchyma and vascularization.This review aims to the spectrum of COVID-19 liver involvement and the most common imaging features of COVID-19 liver damage.

Imaging of the spine: Where do we stand?

The number of patients presenting with spine-related problems has globally increased, with an enormous growing demand for the use of medical imaging to address this problem. The last three decades witnessed great leaps for diagnostic imaging modalities, including those exploited for imaging the spine. These developments improved our diagnostic capabilities in different spinal pathologies, especially with multi-detector computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, via both hardware and software improvisations. Nowadays,imaging may depict subtle spinal instability caused by various osseous and ligamentous failures, and could elucidate dynamic instabilities. Consequently,recent diagnostic modalities can discern clinically relevant spinal canal stenosis.Likewise, improvement in diagnostic imaging capabilities revolutionized our understanding of spinal degenerative diseases via quantitative biomarkers rather than mere subjective perspectives. Furthermore, prognostication of spinal cord injury has become feasible, and this is expected to be translated into better effective patient tailoring to management plans with better clinical outcomes.Meanwhile, our confidence in diagnosing spinal infections and assessing the different spinal instrumentation has greatly improved over the past few last decades. Overall, revolutions in diagnostic imaging over the past few decades have upgraded spinal imaging from simple subjective and qualitative indices into a more sophisticated yet precise era of objective metrics via deploying quantitative imaging biomarkers.

The Comparison of the Manifestation of the Clinical Imageology and Pathology between the Brucellar Spondylitis and the Spine Turberculosis

Objective: To improve the clinical differential diagnosis level, the clinical manifestation of the brucellar spondylitis and the spine turberculosis were discussed in this paper. Method: The study was completed in the No. 1 Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University in Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, China, from January 2001 to December 2013 by Analyzing the X-ray, CT scanning and MRI of 257 cases of the brucellar spondylitis retrospectively and comparing with the clinical imageology and pathology 332 cases of turberculosis of the spine diagnosed finally. Results: The brucellar spondylitis: The focuses usually locate in the lumbar vertebra and L4, 5 has the highest occurrence rate. The focuses are often small but multiple, and limited to the edge of the vertebra. Hyperostosis and osteoscterosis are usually found in the tissuses around the focuses. There are often new focuses in the newborn bones, and the destruction of intervertebral discs is usually slight. Hyperostosis and osteoscterosis might be found in the surfaces of the joints. The densites of the bones close to the focuses become high. There were less or no paravertebral abscesses but inflammational granuloma can be found frequently. Turberculosis of the spine: The focuses are usually located in the thoracic and lumbar vertebra, and are characterized by the destruction of the vertebra and the intervertebral discs, accompanied by the appearance of dead bones. In most cases, paravertebral abscesses and osteoporosis might be found. Conclusions: The specific manifestation of the clinical imageology can help to differentiate the brucelar spondylitis from the turberculosis of the spine.

Diagnosis of intravenous leiomyomatosis extending to heart with emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging

Background Intravenous leiomyomatosis is a rare neoplasm, and its cardiac extension is often overlooked or misdiagnosed. The purpose of this study was to explore the imaging features of intravenous leiomyomatosis with cardiac extension, especially the value of magnetic resonance imaging in differential diagnosis. Methods Between July 2005 and August 2008, 4 cases of intravenous leiomyomatosis with cardiac extension were resected in Cangzhou Central Hospital. Three cases had echocardiography performed, two had post contrast scans of CT performed, and two had MRI performed. Between July 2005 and May 2010, 25 cases of histopathologically proven other kinds of tumors involving the inferior vena cava and right atrium were compared for discussion of differential diagnosis. Results Intravenous leiomyomatosis with cardiac extension demonstrated a hyperechoic elongated mobile mass extending from the inferior vena cava to the right atrium with or without evidence of protruding into the right ventricle on echocardiography. The lesion was enhanced heterogeneously on post contrast scans of CT and was of relatively lower density compared to the enhanced blood in the inferior vena cava and right atrium, with common iliac vein and the ipsilateral internal iliac and ovarian veins involved in some cases. The untreated uterus myoma demonstrated enlargement of the uterus with heterogeneous contrast enhancement. On MRI, the lesion looked like a luffa vegetable sponge on FIESTA coronal images and a sieve pore on T2-weighted axial images. All four tumors were removed successfully, and follow up of one to four years revealed no recurrence. The 25 cases of histopathologically proven other kinds of tumors involving inferior vena cava and right atrium had their own imaging features different from those seen on intravenous leiomyomatosis with cardiac extension. With reference to their medical history, differential diagnosis can often be made. Conclusion The imaging appearance of intravenous leiomyomatosis has some unique features, and the luffa vegetable sponge and sieve pore like appearance on MRI may be helpful for differential diagnosis.

Primary gastric melanoma: A case report with imaging findings and 5-year follow-up

BACKGROUND Most melanomas identified in the stomach are metastatic;primary gastric melanoma(PGM)is extremely rare,and the relevant studies are relatively scarce.PGM may be incorrectly diagnosed as other gastric malignant tumor types.CASE SUMMARY We describe a rare case of PGM confirmed through long-term clinical observation and pathological diagnosis.A 67-year-old woman presented to our hospital with recurrent chest tightness and chest pain.Digital gastrointestinal radiography revealed a circular shadow in the gastric cardia.Computed tomography(CT)revealed a heterogeneous tumor with uneven enhancement.Enlarged lymph nodes were noted in the lesser curvature of the stomach.On magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),T1-and T2-weighted imaging revealed hyperintensity in and hypointensity in the tumor,respectively,both of which increased substantially after uneven enhancement.Near total gastrectomy was performed,and the tumor was pathologically confirmed to be a gastric melanoma.Because no other possible primary site of malignant melanoma was suspected,a clinical diagnosis of PGM was made.The patient was followed for nearly 5 years,during which she received CT reexamination,but no recurrence or metastasis was observed.CONCLUSION Certain imaging characteristics could be revealed in PGM.Imaging examination can be of great value in preoperative diagnosis,differential diagnosis,and followup of patients with PGM.

Multimodality imaging and treatment of paranasal sinuses nuclear protein in testis carcinoma:A case report

BACKGROUND Nuclear protein in testis(NUT) carcinoma is a rare aggressive malignant epithelial cell tumor, previously known as NUT midline carcinoma(NMC), characterized by an acquired rearrangement of the gene encoding NUT on chromosome 15q14. Due to the lack of characteristic pathological features, it is often underdiagnosed and misdiagnosed. A variety of methods can be used to diagnose NMC, including immunohistochemistry, karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and next-generation sequencing. So far, there is no standard treatment plan for NMC and the prognosis is poor, related to its rapid progression, easy recurrence, and unsatisfactory treatment outcome.CASE SUMMARY A 58-year-old female came to our hospital with a complaint of eye swelling and pain for 8 d. The diagnosis of NMC was confirmed after postoperative pathology and genetic testing. The patient developed nausea and vomiting, headache, and loss of vision in both eyes to blindness after surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT) performed after 1.5 mo postoperatively suggested tumor recurrence. The patient obtained remission after radiation therapy to some extent and after initial treatment with anti-angiogenic drugs and sonodynamic therapy(SDT), but cannot achieve long-term stability and eventually developed distant metastases, with an overall survival of only 17 mo.CONCLUSION For patients with rapidly progressing sinus tumors and poor response to initial treatment, the possibility of NMC should be considered and immunohistochemical staining with anti-NUT should be performed as soon as possible, combined with genetic testing if necessary. CT, MRI, and PET/CT imaging are essential for the staging, management, treatment response assessment and monitoring of NMC. This case is the first attempt to apply heat therapy and SDT in the treatment of NMC, unfortunately, the prognosis remained poor.

IMAGING DIAGNOSES OF LYMPHOMA OF OROPHARYNX

Objective: To investigate the CT and MRI findings of lymphoma of oropharynx and their clinical values. Methods: CT and MRI findings of 18 cases of lymphoma of oropharynx were analyzed and compared with the operative and pathological findings. Results: 11 cases of lymphoma of the tonsil and 3 cases of lymphoma of the bases of tongue displayed regular soft tissue mass with protuberated into oropharynx. 4 cases of lymphoma of the lateral pharynx displayed irregular soft tissue mass in oropharynx. Their density and signal of the lymphoma were homogeneous and showed slight enhancement by CT and MRI. All lesions did not appear necrosis or cyst. 10 cases of cervical lymphoid metastasis were found in 18 cases of lymphoma of oropharynx. Conclusion: CT and MRI can provide the position, shape and range of lymphoma of oropharynx and metastases in lymph nodes and invasion to surrounding tissues. They had high clinical value in diagnosis and treatment of lymphoma of oropharynx.

脊椎骨内神经鞘瘤的CT、MRI表现(附11例报道及文献复习)

目的探讨脊椎骨内神经鞘瘤(Intraosseous Schwannoma,IOS)的特征性影像学表现,以与其他脊椎溶骨性病变区别开。方法回顾性分析上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院经手术病理证实的脊椎IOS的临床资料及CT、MRI等影像学资料。该文收集了11例脊椎IOS患者,其中男性7例,女性4例,年龄23~74岁[平均年龄(51±17)岁]。所有患者均行CT和MRI检查。由两名高年资骨关节系统放射科医师对所有影像学征象进行评估,并复习了近几年来文献报告的脊椎IOS影像学征象。结果病变累及部位包括颈椎3例(3/11,27.3%),胸椎1例(1/11,9.1%),腰椎5例(5/11,45.5%),腰骶椎2例(2/11,18.2%),最大径(5.8±2.85)cm,形态均为不规则形。CT显示偏心性膨胀性溶骨性骨质破坏,密度不均匀,平扫CT值为(43.0±11.55)HU。增强后不均匀轻度强化,CT值为(70.3±12.22)HU,病灶边界清晰,有硬化缘,未见骨膜反应,病灶易沿着椎间孔向椎管内外延伸。在MRI上,与肌肉组织相比,病灶在T1WI上呈等稍低信号,在T2WI上呈混杂稍高信号,压脂后呈混杂高信号,DWI未见弥散受限,ADC值为(1.25±0.176)×10-3mm2/s,增强后不均匀明显强化,时间-信号强度曲线为I型,7例患者病灶内发生囊性变。结论脊椎IOS是一种罕见的良性肿瘤,影像学表现具有一定的特征性,在鉴别诊断边界清晰的具有异质性的脊椎溶骨性病变时应予以考虑。

人工智能在颈椎影像学中的研究进展

人工智能(AI)可通过影像智能检测、分割、分类等技术赋能临床诊疗及预后。AI与颈椎影像学的结合在自动分割颈椎结构,检测颈椎骨折、脊髓型颈椎病,识别颈椎后纵韧带骨化,自动测量颈椎前凸等病变以及评估颈椎成熟度等方面性能优越。就AI技术在颈椎影像学中的研究现状及展望予以综述。

Diagnostic value of fluid attenuated inversion recovery versus T_2-weighted image in diffuse axonal injury

BACKGROUND：At present, the most common examination modality for diffuse axonal injury （DAI） is CT or MRI. However, both methods exhibit low sensitivity in the diagnosis of DAI lesions. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the value of fluid attenuated inversion recovery （FLAIR） in the clinical diagnosis of DAI, and to compare with T2-weighted images. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： This prospective study was based on imaging analysis, and was performed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University （Chongqing, China） between October 2002 and April 2004. PARTICIPANTS： Sixty-three patients with craniocerebral injury were admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, including 50 males and 13 females. The patients were included in the experiment and were divided into DAI （n=24） and non-DAI （n=39） groups, according to the emergent CT findings and clinical manifestations. METHODS： Both groups underwent MR examinations, including axial and sagittal T1 weighted images （TR = 450 ms, TE = 8-9 ms）, T2-weighted images （TR = 3 600 ms, TE = 100 ms）, and FLAIR （TR = 10 000 ms, TI = 2 500 ms, TE = 40 ms）, 8-mm thick and 2-mm wide, using a GE Sigma MRI device. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The DAI diagnostic rate and lesion-detecting rate of T2-weighted images and FLAIR were determined. RESULTS： All 63 patients were included in the final analysis. The DAI diagnosis rates of FLAIR and T2-weighted images were 88% （21/24） and 62% （15/24）, respectively, of which the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. T2-weighted images and FLAIR detected lesions located in the gray matter-white matter junction in parasagittal areas, the corpus callosum, deep periventricular white matter, basal ganglia, internal capsule, hippocampus, cerebellum, and brain stem, with a detailed amount of 123 and 256, respectively. FLAIR was significantly greater than T2-weighted images （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： FLAIR is superior to T2-weighted images for improving the DAI diagnostic rate and lesion-detecting rate, as well as revealing the extent and severity of DAI.

Primary clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue in the posterior cervical spine invading the medulla oblongata:A case report

BACKGROUND Clear cell sarcoma(CCS)is a rare and highly malignant soft tissue tumor,usually occurring in the deep soft tissues of the distal tendons and aponeurosis of the extremities,especially the feet and knees.CCS originating in the head and neck is extremely rare.The clinical manifestations of CCS in the head and neck are not typical,and the imaging manifestations have certain characteristics,but the diagnosis still depends on pathological examination and genetic testing.CASE SUMMARY A 33-year-old male patient had paroxysmal headache for more than 4 years,accompanied by nausea and vomiting,which could be relieved after rest.Computed tomography angiography showed a left paraspinal soft tissue mass.Contrast-enhanced imaging showed obvious uneven enhancement with adjacent bone lytic destruction.Magnetic resonance imaging examination showed isosignal on T_(1)-weighted images,slightly high signal on T_(2)-weighted images(T_(2)WI),high signal on Tirm fat suppression sequence,significantly high signal on diffusion weighted imaging,and obvious and uneven enhancement.The lesion invaded the anterior medulla oblongata through the left atlantoaxial foramen and compressed the cervical spinal cord on T_(2)WI.Primary CCS of soft tissue was diagnosed by pathology and genetic examination.CONCLUSION CCS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumors of the head and neck,and their diagnosis depends on pathological examination and genetic testing.

Poor Reproducibility in the Evaluation of Paranasal Sinus X-Rays in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate intra- and inter-observer reproducibility of sinus x-rays in comparison to sinus computed tomography (CT) in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients. Methods: This was a prospective controlled study for which 14 adult CRS patients were recruited. Patients underwent a sinus multi-detector CT scan as well as additional sinus x-rays at the same time. Symptom interview and skin prick tests were performed. Lund-Mackay (LM) scores and 43 other findings in paranasal sinuses were analyzed by three blinded observers from CT-scans and x-rays. We compared agreement between sinus CT and x-rays (intra-observer reproducibility) and between three observers (inter-observer reproducibility) by Cohen’s kappa. Results: In at least 90% of the cases, the status of 47/49 structures was detectable in CT scans, whereas the status of only 8/49 structures was detectable in x-rays. The majority of the 25 visualized structures had poor intra-observer and inter-observer reproducibility. Conclusion: Only a few structures can be visualized in paranasal sinus x-rays and compared to paranasal sinus CT-scans, their reproducibility is poor. Our results strongly support the current consensus of radiation dose reduction by limiting the number of x-rays.

单椎体孤立性浆细胞瘤的CT及MRI特征与病理分析

目的分析单椎体孤立性浆细胞瘤(solitary plasmacytoma of spine,SPS)患者的CT及MRI特征与病理机制,以提高对SPS的认识及诊断水平,为治疗提供帮助。方法回顾性分析17例经手术和病理证实SPS患者的CT及MRI资料与病理结果。17例均行MRI及增强检查,其中10例同时行CT检查。分析17例患者的CT及MRI表现及相关病理特征。结果肿瘤可以累及脊柱各节段,以胸椎及腰椎多见。17例SPS均表现椎体不同程度溶骨性骨质破坏,轻度膨胀性改变,累及附件14例,椎体压缩楔变13例;椎体边缘形成不对称软组织肿块13例,软组织肿块突入椎管内12例,包绕椎管形成“围管征”7例;CT可见破坏区局部边缘骨质轻微硬化4例,病灶内可见较为粗大的骨嵴8例;T1WI序列呈等、低信号,T2WI序列多呈等或略高信号;增强扫描均明显均匀强化,14例表现为“微脑样”征像。病理组织学特征:肿瘤细胞由弥漫性密集排列的小圆细胞组成,几乎没有细胞间基质。免疫表型:17例均表达CD138及CD38,12例表达Kap,7例表达Lambda,11例表达CD79a,仅2例表达CD20。结论SPS的CT及MRI表现具有一定的特征性,了解其CT及MRI特征与相关病理机制有助于与其他单发脊柱肿瘤鉴别,可提高术前诊断准确性。

原发性脊柱恶性淋巴瘤的X线平片、CT、MRI研究

目的探讨原发性脊柱恶性淋巴瘤的影像学表现,评价X线平片、CT、MRI诊断的作用。资料与方法12例原发性脊柱恶性淋巴瘤患者均经穿刺或手术病理证实,均有X线平片和MRI平扫加增强扫描。5例CT检查,其中3例有增强扫描。结果12例均为非霍奇金淋巴瘤。其中颈椎1例,胸椎7例,腰椎2例,胸腰椎受累2例,共有30个椎体受累。附件受累4例,软组织肿块10例,椎管内、硬膜外肿块6例,病理性骨折3例。X线平片表现为椎体骨质破坏、椎弓根影消失、椎体压缩性骨折。CT示椎体为溶骨性骨质破坏,平扫肿瘤为中等密度,增强扫描肿瘤轻至中度强化。MRT1WI上肿瘤呈略低及等信号,T2WI上呈低、等、高多种信号,增强扫描肿瘤呈轻至中度强化。结论(1)原发性脊柱恶性淋巴瘤绝大多数为非霍奇金淋巴瘤;(2)肿瘤可侵犯相邻多个椎体,软组织肿块常较大且极少坏死,增强扫描肿瘤轻至中度强化;(3)MRT2WI上肿瘤信号较低可能与肿瘤细胞密集和含较多纤维组织有关;(4)肿瘤较易侵入椎管内沿硬膜外向上、下呈袖套状生长;(5)X线平片对发现病变及定性诊断价值有限,MRI显示骨内病灶较CT更敏感。

布氏杆菌性脊柱炎与脊椎结核临床影像学表现比较

目的探讨布氏杆菌性脊柱炎和脊椎结核的临床及影像学特点,以提高对该病的鉴别诊断水平。资料与方法回顾性分析16例布氏杆菌性脊柱炎患者的X线、CT、MR资料并与已确诊的38例脊椎结核影像学资料作比较。结果(1)布氏杆菌性脊柱炎病灶分布于腰椎,其中以L4发病率最高,骨破坏灶小而多发,多局限于椎体边缘,病灶周围明显增生、硬化,新生骨组织中有新破坏灶形成,椎间盘破坏轻,关节面增生硬化,相邻骨密度增高,少或无椎旁脓肿形成。(2)结核病灶分布于胸腰段,以椎体和椎间盘骨破坏为主并有死骨形成,椎旁脓肿和骨质疏松变化比较常见。结论依据布氏杆菌性脊柱炎和脊椎结核临床影像学特征性表现,两者可作出鉴别诊断。

脊椎骨巨细胞瘤的CT、MRI表现及临床研究

目的分析脊椎骨巨细胞瘤的CT、MRI表现,提高对该病的术前诊断及更好地指导临床。方法回顾性分析经临床病理证实的11例脊椎骨巨细胞瘤的CT和MRI。结果11例中肿瘤位于颈椎2例,胸椎4例,腰椎4例,骶椎1例。CT表现为椎体和/或附件溶骨性破坏区;内见不规则骨嵴分隔;椎旁软组织肿块内部或周边见线样高密度钙化影。MRI信号表现具有多样性,T1WI呈等/低信号;T2WI和STIR上肿瘤实性部分呈中等或稍高信号,囊变和出血区呈高信号;1例可见液-液平面。结论脊椎骨巨细胞瘤具有一定的CT、MRI表现特征,对术前正确诊断、临床分期、手术方式选择和术后处理有重要价值。

人工耳蜗植入术影像学评估体系初探

本文描述了用于人工耳蜗植入术前、后评估的影像学检查方法和影像学检查的作用。

脊柱转移瘤的MRI与CT诊断对照研究

目的:对照分析52例脊柱转移瘤磁共振成像(Magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)及CT表现,比较其敏感性与特异性,以提高脊柱转移瘤的早期诊断率。方法:52例脊柱转移瘤均经病理和临床证实,原发肿瘤主要为肺癌、乳癌、鼻咽癌等,对52例脊柱转移瘤患者进行同期CT及MRI检查,比较脊柱转移瘤在两种检查方法上的表现。结果:52例脊柱转移瘤共发现176个椎骨异常、76处椎管受累、68处椎旁软组织肿块、47处椎体压缩骨折。Ⅰ期脊柱转移瘤:MRI检出21块,CT未能检出。Ⅱ期:MRI、CT分别检出86块、52块。Ⅲ期:MRI、CT分别检出68块、61块。MRI、CT诊断脊柱转移瘤的检出率分别为99.4%、64.2%,MRIT1WI表现为低信号(86.9%)或其它异常信号(13.1%),T2WI表现为高信号(60.8%)或其它异常信号(39.2%)。结论:MRI的敏感性高于CT,两种检查方法具有互补性,联合应用可提高脊柱转移瘤诊断的敏感性和准确性。