Modeling and simulation of crushing process of spiral mining head

According to the characteristics of spiral mining head for deep seabed cobalt-rich crust, the kinematic model, cutting loads model, quantity of cutting picks model of mining head, granularity distribution model and energy consumption model were constructed. Based on these models, computer simulation program of cutting loads was developed with VB software. The mechanical parameters of mining head were obtained in the cutting depth range of 5160 mm. Making use of the simulation results, the effect of cutting depth of spiral mining head on the mining process was studied. The results show that the maximum force of single pick is 4.7051kN, the maximum force and torque of spiral drum of mining head are respectively 34.1668kN and 3.8795kN·m at the cutting depth of 160mm.

Analysis and modeling of error of spiral bevel gear grinder based on multi-body system theory

Six-axis numerical control spiral bevel gear grinder was taken as the object, multi-body system theory and Denavit-Hartenberg homogeneous transformed matrix (HTM) were utilized to establish the grinder synthesis error model, and the validity of model was confirmed by the experiment. Additionally, in grinding wheel tool point coordinate system, the errors of six degrees of freedom were simulated when the grinding wheel revolving around C-axis, moving along X-axis and Y-axis. The influence of these six errors on teeth space, helix angle, pitch, teeth profile was discussed. The simulation results show that the angle error is in the range from -0.148 4 rad to -0.241 9 rad when grinding wheel moving along X, Y-axis; the translation error is in the range from 0.866 0 μm to 3.605 3 μm when grinding wheel moving along X-axis. These angle and translation errors have a great influence on the helix angle, pitch, teeth thickness and tooth socket.

Suppression of Spiral Wave in Modified Orengonator Model

In this paper,a spatial perturbation scheme is proposed to suppress the spiral wave in the modified Orengonator model,which is used to describe the chemical reaction in the light-sensitive media.The controllable external illumination Φ is perturbed with a spatial linear function.In our numerical simulation,the scheme is investigated by imposing the external controllable illumination on the space continuously and/or intermittently.The numerical simulation results confirm that the stable rotating spiral wave still can be removed with the scheme proposed in this paper even if the controllable Φ changed vs.time and space synchronously.Then the scheme is also used to control the spiral wave and turbulence in the modified Fitzhugh-Nagumo model.It is found that the scheme is effective to remove the sable rotating and meandering spiral wave but it costs long transient period and intensity of the gradient parameter to eliminate the spiral turbulence.

A 3D analytical model for vortex velocity field based on spiral streamline pattern

Vortices that develop over intakes are a hazardous hydraulic phenomenon.In this study, a 3D model was developed to study the flow field in air-core vortices.This model is based on the spiral pattern of streamlines and the analytical solution of the momentum and continuity equations for deriving the three components of velocity.The model provides equations for free surface profiles and 3D patterns of the streamlines.Moreover, a new relationship was suggested for calculating effective viscosity and its distribution across the vortex flow field.The performance of the proposed analytical model was compared with existing experimental data and the results of previous analytical models.The outcomes indicated that the proposed model could predict characteristics of the vortex flow with good accuracy.

NC Machining of Spiral Bevel Gear and Hypoid Gear Based on Unity Transformation Model

A unity transformation model (UTM) was presented for flexible NC machining of spiral bevel gears and hypoid gears. The model can support various machining methods for Gleason spiral bevel gears and hypoid gears, including generation machining and formation machining for wheel or pinion on a universal five-axis machining center, and then directly produce NC codes for the selected machining method. Wheel machining and pinion machining under UTM were simulated in Vericut 6.0 and tested on a five-axis machining center TDNC-W2000 with NC unit TDNC-H8. The results from simulation and real-cut verify the feasibility of gear machining under UTM as well as the correctness of NC codes.

Modelling of heat transfer for progressive freeze concentration process by spiral finned crystallizer

This study presents a novel design for a spiral finned crystallizer which is the primary element of progressive freeze concentration(PFC) system, which simplifies the setup of the conventional system. After the crystallizer has been designed, the research experiments have been conducted and evaluated through a thorough analysis of its performance by developing a mathematical model that can be used to predict the productivity of ice crystal at a range of coolant temperature. The model is developed based on the basic heat transfer equation, and by considering the solution's and the coolant's convective heat transfer coefficient(h) under the forced flow condition.The model's accuracy is verified by making comparison between the ice crystal mass' experimental value and the values predicted by the model. Consequently, the study found that the model helps in enhancing the PFC system.

Active Profiling and Polishing Model and Validation Based on Rotor Spiral Groove

When a spiral groove is formed using superplastic molding, precision casting, additive manufacturing, or other non?mechanical processing technology, it is diffcult to meet the molding precision required for direct use, and the surface quality and accuracy of the shape need to be improved through a finishing process. In view of the poor reachability of the current tool?based polishing process, a tool?less polishing method using free?abrasive grains for complex spiral grooves is proposed. With this method, by controlling the movement of the workpiece, the design basis and relative motion of the abrasive particles along a helical path remain consistent, resulting in a better polishing profile. A spiral groove of a revolving body is taken as the research object; the influence of the installation method and the position of the parts, as well as the effect of the rotational speed of the abrasive ball on its relative motion along a helical trajectory, are studied, and the polishing cutting process of an abrasive ball is reasonably simplified. A consistent math?ematical model of the trajectory of an abrasive ball relative to the design helix is constructed. The grooved drum parts are verified through a polishing experiment. The spiral groove of the revolving body is modified and polished. Experiments show that the process not only corrects the shape a spiral groove error, but also reduces the surface roughness of a spiral groove. This study provides a theoretical basis for achieving free?abrasive, tool?free polishing.

储煤筒仓内钢制螺旋溜槽脱落事故分析

螺旋溜槽是块煤仓防碎的重要手段,但在其应用过程中,事故的发生却屡见不鲜。针对某储煤筒仓内钢制螺旋溜槽脱落事故,在现场踏勘的基础上,通过检测、有限元分析和理论计算,分析了钢制螺旋溜槽脱落的原因。结果表明:荷载取值不当是造成此次事故的直接原因,而框架和溜槽结构选型和连接构造不合理是间接原因。溜槽支架宜采用多边形框架结构,也可加设框架间支撑体系;其结构宜选用底板宽度较小的U形或L形;计算时,应取溜槽底板投影一个螺距范围内的全部贮料重力且应考虑放料时的动压;螺旋溜槽计算模型应按空间螺旋曲梁计算,并充分考虑扭矩的影响。

等距螺旋锥齿轮的精确建模与金属粉末注射成型工艺试制

等距螺旋锥齿轮作为一种新型锥齿轮,其螺旋齿面具有法向等距的特点,适用于金属粉末注射成型工艺批量化生产。根据坐标变换理论推导出球面渐开线和等距圆锥螺旋线的参数方程,再基于齿面形成原理建立齿面数学模型;在MATLAB中对齿面数学模型编程计算出齿面离散点坐标,并通过UG逆向工程完成等距螺旋锥齿轮的精确建模;利用ANSYS仿真分析等距螺旋锥齿轮的啮合接触,得出齿轮的传动性能;最后通过金属粉末注射成型工艺完成等距螺旋锥齿轮的试制。研究结果表明,齿面数学模型结合离散点逆向建模可确保模型的精度,金属粉末注射成型工艺可用于等距螺旋锥齿轮的批量化生产。

广义对数螺旋型滑面模型的构建与验证

临界滑动面的合理确定是边坡稳定性分析的关键问题之一。传统的边坡滑动面假设方法构造生成的潜在滑动面形式单一,且无法考虑复杂边坡中土层强度参数变化对临界滑动面形状的影响,从而降低了边坡稳定性分析结果的可靠性。基于此,提出一种新的广义对数螺旋型滑面模型,该模型可生成包含传统圆弧滑动面和对数螺旋滑动面在内的多种形式的潜在滑动面;并针对非均质边坡中各土层抗剪强度不同的特点,采用多中心分段构造策略,将该滑面模型应用于非均质边坡稳定性分析中。基于极限平衡理论计算滑动面安全系数并搜索临界滑动面,对边坡进行稳定性评估。选取多个均质边坡及多种型式的非均质边坡(水平分层、倾斜分层和斜折线分层)经典算例与现有研究成果以及数值模拟软件获得的结果进行对比分析,验证该滑面模型的合理性与优势性。研究结果表明:文中方法计算所得安全系数与其他方法相比更小,相对误差在5%以内。能够得到传统滑动面假设方法下难以搜索到的临界滑动面,并与数值模拟结果吻合度较好,稳定性分析结果更接近实际情况。由此说明,此方法用于均质边坡及非均质边坡稳定性分析是合理可行的,有望为工程实践提供更优的临界滑动面解决方案。

基于超螺旋二阶滑膜的汽车主动悬架控制方法研究

汽车悬架的控制效果直接影响汽车的稳定性和舒适性,针对一阶滑模控制在主动悬架控制中存在的抖振和控制精度问题,基于汽车二自由度1/4主动悬架模型,提出了一种基于超螺旋二阶滑模控制的汽车主动悬架控制方法。在控制器前端串联一个负加速度反馈回路来调节悬架性能,并使用扩展的超螺旋观测器实时补偿系统的未知内部动态。为了验证控制方法的可行性,通过仿真进行对比分析。仿真结果表明,相比于一阶滑膜控制,该方法解决了悬架未知非线性动态的多目标控制问题,能更有效地改善汽车稳定性和舒适性。

Accurate Modeling of the Spiral Bevel and Hypoid Gear with a New Tooth Profile

Distinguishing with traditional tooth profile of spiral bevel and hypoid gear, it proposed a new tooth profile namely the spherical involute. Firstly, a new theory of forming the spherical involute tooth profile was proposed. Then, this theory was applied to complete parametric derivation of each part of its tooth profile. For enhancing the precision, the SWEEP method used for formation of each part of tooth surface and G1 stitching schema for obtaining a unified tooth surface are put forward and made the application in the accurate modeling. Lastly, owing to the higher accuracy of tooth surface of outputted model, it gave some optimization approaches. Given numerical example about the model can show that this designed gear with spherical involute tooth profile can achieve fast and accurate parametric modeling and provide a foundation for tooth contact analysis （TCA） in digitized design and manufacture.

基于子宫内膜结构与子宫螺旋动脉血流参数构建人工授精妊娠预测模型及验证

背景:现子宫内膜结构及子宫螺旋动脉血流参数对夫精宫腔内人工授精(artificial insemination by husband,AIH)妊娠率的影响水平尚不明确,该研究通过校准其他混杂因素后,确定了其独立影响因素,并构建了预测模型,具有较好的临床应用效能。目的:基于子宫内膜结构及子宫螺旋动脉血流参数构建AIH临床妊娠预测模型及验证。方法:回顾性分析2017年1月至2021年1月于常州市妇幼保健院接受AIH助孕治疗患者共1299例,将其中1182例未临床妊娠者纳入未妊娠组,117例临床妊娠者纳入妊娠组;通过1∶1倾向评分匹配,妊娠组与未妊娠组各匹配成功93例;采用单、多因素分析筛选子宫内膜结构及子宫螺旋动脉血流参数对AIH结局的影响因素,通过受试者工作曲线确定各独立影响因素的最佳截断值,限制性立方样条法分析各独立影响因素对AIH妊娠影响的风险趋势,临床决策曲线与临床影响曲线对该联合预测模型的临床应用效能进行检验。结果与结论:①倾向评分后妊娠组与未妊娠组各非内膜因素均无显著统计学意义,数据具有较好的均衡性(P>0.05);②单因素分析结果显示,内膜下血管化指数、血流指数、血管化血流指数、子宫动脉阻力指数、子宫动脉搏动指数、收缩期最高血流速度/舒张期末血流速度、基底子宫内膜到外子宫肌层内层平均交界区、最大交界区厚度为AIH妊娠的影响因素(P<0.05);③多因素Logistic回归结果显示,基底子宫内膜到外子宫肌层内层平均交界区厚度、子宫动脉搏动指数、血管化血流指数为AIH妊娠的独立影响因素,影响大小依次为血管化血流指数>基底子宫内膜到外子宫肌层内层平均交界区厚度>子宫动脉搏动指数;④受试者工作曲线显示,血管化血流指数的曲线下面积为0.704(0.629,0.779),最佳截断值为6.26;基底子宫内膜到外子宫肌层内层平均交界区厚度的曲线下面积为0.660(0.582,0.739),最佳截断值为6.38;子宫动脉搏动指数的曲线下面积为0.642(0.563,0.721),最佳截断值为1.18;⑤限制性立方样条曲线显示,当血管化血流指数>6.24时,其对AIH妊娠具有显著的正影响趋势;基底子宫内膜到外子宫肌层内层平均交界区厚度≤6.55 mm时,其对AIH妊娠具有显著的正影响趋势;当子宫动脉搏动指数>1.27时,其对AIH妊娠具有负影响风险;⑥临床决策曲线与临床影响曲线显示,该联合预测模型在阈概率值为0.17-0.93时具有临床最大净获益,且在该阈概率范围内损失与获益的比值始终小于1,显示出该联合预测模型具有较好的临床效能;⑦结果表明,通过倾向评分与多因素Logistic回归校正子宫内膜外其他混杂因素后,基底子宫内膜到外子宫肌层内层平均交界区厚度、子宫动脉搏动指数、血管化血流指数为AIH妊娠的独立影响因素,通过对其最佳截断值的确定与风险趋势性评估,证实该联合预测模型具有较好的预测价值与临床应用效能。

基于格子Boltzmann方法的钉扎螺旋波反馈控制

螺旋波是心室跳动过速和纤维性颤动的根源,钉扎螺旋波相对于自由螺旋波来说更难消除.本文采用格子Boltzmann方法求解,以FitzHugh-Nagumo模型为对象,研究了使用反馈控制法消除钉扎螺旋波.数值结果表明,无论钉扎螺旋波钉在圆形障碍物还是矩形障碍物上,反馈控制法对其都具有很好的控制作用.此外,通过数值模拟系统研究了可激性系数、反馈控制信号幅度、记录反馈信号时间和障碍物的大小对钉扎螺旋波的控制情况.研究表明,钉扎螺旋波消除有三种情况.首先,反馈控制信号幅度和可激性系数与钉扎螺旋波消除所需的时间有关,反馈控制信号幅度越大或可激性系数越小,钉扎螺旋波消除越快.其次,障碍物大小和可激性系数影响着能成功消除钉扎螺旋波下记录反馈信号时间与加入反馈控制时间之间对应的时间间隔.最后,在保持加入反馈控制时间不变的情况下,记录反馈信号时间影响着能成功消除钉扎螺旋波所需的最小反馈控制信号幅度.

基于Markov模型的肺结节低剂量螺旋CT筛查卫生经济学评价

目的基于Markov模型评价肺结节低剂量螺旋CT(LDCT)筛查的卫生经济学。方法利用2021年—2023年北京市某三甲医院的肺结节LDCT筛查数据和部分国外临床研究数据,采用成本效用分析方法,通过增量成本效用比(ICUR)确定优势筛查策略;使用R语言获得转移概率参数,利用TreeAge Pro 2011软件构建Markov模型。假设以我国10万名55岁及以上人群为肺结节筛查对象,模拟其疾病发展情况,并通过敏感性分析评价该模型的稳定性。结果成本效用分析显示,该模型经20次循环后,LDCT筛查策略的总成本为3543088618元,相较于不筛查策略的总成本增加了784130651元,额外获得了7996个质量调整生命年(QALY),每获得一个QALY需多花费98059.77元。采用WHO卫生经济学评价标准,LDCT筛查策略的ICUR大于1倍人均国内生产总值(GDP)但小于3倍人均GDP,为优势策略。敏感性分析显示,各变量在其敏感性分析范围内无论如何变化,都不会对ICUR产生较大影响,表明该模型具有较好的稳定性。结论在55岁及以上人群中开展每年一次肺结节LDCT筛查的ICUR小于3倍人均GDP,具有一定的经济学效用,该筛查策略有利于肺癌的“早发现、早诊断、早治疗”。

一种基于Euler Spiral的缺失边界修复算法

在总结分析相关工作的基础上,提出了一种基于Euler Spiral修复认知轮廓中缺失边界的算法。该算法首先通过活动轮廓模型进行认知轮廓的初始定位,将视觉的预测性插值问题转化为中间插值问题,然后结合取向估计和Euler Spiral修复缺失的轮廓边界,取代了活动轮廓模型的迭代优化过程。对典型认知轮廓图形和遥感图像的实验结果验证了算法的有效性。

粮仓螺旋机器人螺杆推力模型构建与实验验证

目的:构建更加精确的粮仓螺杆推力模型。方法:利用数理模型进行建模,结合Janssen储粮压力理论和Janosi剪切—位移方程,建立剪切应力模型,并由剪切应力模型推导出螺杆的推力模型。通过设计并搭建试验装置,采用不同转速和压力组合进行全因素试验,将测得的试验数据与理论值进行对比。结果:推力模型理论值与试验值接近,曲线变化趋势相同,轴向推力模型平均相对误差为14%,阻力转矩模型平均相对误差为24%。结论:结合Janssen储粮压力理论和Janosi剪切—位移方程提出的不同深度下螺杆推力模型具有较高的可靠性。

螺旋钢桩加固边坡抗滑承载特性研究

目前,针对螺旋钢桩加固边坡问题,其桩土作用机制及抗滑承载特性研究较少,限制其推广应用。因此,基于FEM和桩与边坡解耦设计分析方法,提出一种适用于螺旋钢桩加固边坡模型的简化方法,并对简化模型桩-土相互作用的模拟效果和抗滑力计算准确度进行验证,随后分别建立螺旋钢桩和等直径钢管桩有限元模型,对比分析其各项受力性能,揭示螺旋钢桩的受力模式。研究结果表明:通过该简化方法计算出的桩顶位移值与现场实测值、滑面处弯矩峰值结果相差均在10%之内,在产生相同抗滑力下,简化模型与三维桩土模型的桩顶位移差值在5%以内,说明此简化方法模拟精度可满足要求。在抗滑承载特性方面,当桩顶产生5 cm位移时,螺旋钢桩较圆型桩抗滑力提高15%;产生相同的抗滑力时,螺旋钢桩顶位移较圆型桩顶位移减少22%。螺旋钢桩在承受滑坡推力时,首先通过桩身挠曲抵抗滑坡推力,随着滑坡位移不断增大,螺旋叶片与周围土体产生的摩擦和挤压作用不断增强,处于滑动剪切区的叶片发生翘曲变形,通过形成反弯矩作用抵抗滑坡推力。平行滑动区与锚固区的叶片在轴向产生相对位移,调动螺旋叶片产生端阻力,并将其传递至滑面以增大抗滑力,由此改变桩周土体位移场与应力场的分布,增强桩土协同工作能力,并起到良好的应力扩散与传递作用。研究成果可为螺旋钢桩的承载特性计算与加固设计提供借鉴。

螺旋桩室内模型试验设计及结果分析

曲线螺旋桩是一种施工速度快、环境污染低、成桩质量高的新型抗拔桩,在公路、建筑等各类地基工程中应用广泛。具有增大桩土间接触面、提高桩侧摩阻力、增强桩身抗拔承载力的作用。为进一步了解螺旋桩的抗拔承载机理,该文采取室内模型试验方法,对不同螺旋宽度及厚度的曲线螺旋桩展开模拟试验,分别监测不同抗拔荷载作用下各组模型的上拔位移量、桩身轴力、侧摩阻力及桩周土压力变化,进而分析出上拔荷载作用下螺旋宽度、螺旋厚度对桩身承载力发挥机理所产生的影响,总结出螺旋宽度是抗拔承载机理主要影响因素的结论,旨在为地基工程中曲线螺旋桩的科学应用提供参考。