This paper aims at the theoretical analysis to the impact of government supervision and consumer purchasing behavior on food quality security, so as to look for safety strategies and measures to strengthen and improve...This paper aims at the theoretical analysis to the impact of government supervision and consumer purchasing behavior on food quality security, so as to look for safety strategies and measures to strengthen and improve the level of food safety in China. Reputation mechanism is introduced and Bayesian approach is based on, in which government supervision as well as consumer purchasing behavior is taken as crucial factors to impact on the food quality security. As to the proposed quantitative indicators, government supervision includes exposure rate, fine and etc.;at the same time, consumer purchasing behavior includes consumer’s WTP for security food and consumer expectations to food safety. Taking China’s dairy industry as an example, it makes simulation by Netlog. The results show that consumer purchasing behavior alone has little effect on the dairy companies’ decision-making to be honest or counterfeiting enterprises. However, combination government supervision with purchasing behavior has great impact, and plays very good effects on food safety.展开更多
Contrary to other markets where underwriters perform a combined role of underwriting and sponsoring in an Initial Public Offering(IPO),IPO issuers in Hong Kong must appoint at least one sponsor in addition to the unde...Contrary to other markets where underwriters perform a combined role of underwriting and sponsoring in an Initial Public Offering(IPO),IPO issuers in Hong Kong must appoint at least one sponsor in addition to the underwriters.The spitting of the single role of underwriters into two separate ones offers an ideal setting to disentangle the effects of the two roles and to examine which of the two roles-sponsor or underwriter--is more important in explaining IPO underpricing and initial volatility in the Hong Kong equity market.Interestingly,our findings provide supportive evidence that the sponsor reputation does matter in an IPO and it is even more significant than the underwriter reputation in explaining the IPO underpricing phenomenon.Given the recent high-tech fervor,our research goes deeper to examine specifically the role of sponsors on high-tech firms,with results indicating that the reliance on sponsors is higher for traditional isuers than for technology firms.We further discover that sponsors and underwriters are playing substitution roles rather than complementary roles.In order to examine the regulatory policy impact,our research also compares the role of IPO sponsors before and after the launch of the new sponsor regulatory regime in 2013.The empirical findings lend support to our argument that after the launch of the new regulations,public awareness of sponsors is raised,respect towards more reputable sponsor increases,and thus,the role of sponsors becomes more impotant than before.展开更多
Without cooperative behaviors, our society or organization falls into social dilemma situations where every member selects uncooperative （defective） behaviors, and the situation gets worse and worse. Such a situatio...Without cooperative behaviors, our society or organization falls into social dilemma situations where every member selects uncooperative （defective） behaviors, and the situation gets worse and worse. Such a situation in a society or an organization leads to violation of social or organizational rules, and at the worst case it suffers from serious accidents or scandals. Therefore, it is important for us to make efforts and take measures to elicit cooperative behaviors. It was demonstrated theoretically that altruism strategy and adaptive prediction and ascertainment strategy are in some cases better than rational strategy under the situation of social dilemma. We built up a mathematical model in order to examine how the probability of correctly predicting and ascertaining the behavior （cooperation or defection） of opponents and the mixture of （a） altruism （all cooperation） strategy, （b） individualism （all defection） strategy, and （c） adaptive prediction and ascertainment strategy affected the expected profit. Simulation results showed that the tit-for-tat strategy was better than the rational （individualism） strategy when the probability of correctly predicting and ascertaining defection of the opponent was considerably higher. As an application of the basic study above, it was explored, using a simulation method, how such a system as opening reputation or peer review in public could work satisfactorily to prevent defective behaviors in auction dealing. The result showed that the information on the handle name and the reputation effectively worked to prevent defective behaviors.展开更多
Known for leadership in design, progressive manufacturing methods and expertise in global sourcing, Pulaski Furniture has steadily created its reputation and profile over the last 50 years.
提出一种基于推荐证据的对等网络(Peer-to-Peer,P2P)信任模型RETM(Recommendation Evidence based Trust Model for P2P networks),解决了基于推荐的信任模型中普遍存在的在汇聚推荐信息时无法处理不确定性信息以及强行组合矛盾推荐信...提出一种基于推荐证据的对等网络(Peer-to-Peer,P2P)信任模型RETM(Recommendation Evidence based Trust Model for P2P networks),解决了基于推荐的信任模型中普遍存在的在汇聚推荐信息时无法处理不确定性信息以及强行组合矛盾推荐信息引起的性能下降问题,同时,RETM采取推荐证据预处理措施,在合成之前有效过滤了无用的以及误导性的推荐信息,使得该模型具有一定的抗攻击性能.在推荐信息的查找问题上,RETM提出了基于反馈信息的概率查找算法,该算法在降低了网络带宽开销的情况下,提高了信息查询的准确率.实验证明RETM较已有的信任机制在系统成功交易率、模型的安全性等问题上有较大改进.展开更多
文摘This paper aims at the theoretical analysis to the impact of government supervision and consumer purchasing behavior on food quality security, so as to look for safety strategies and measures to strengthen and improve the level of food safety in China. Reputation mechanism is introduced and Bayesian approach is based on, in which government supervision as well as consumer purchasing behavior is taken as crucial factors to impact on the food quality security. As to the proposed quantitative indicators, government supervision includes exposure rate, fine and etc.;at the same time, consumer purchasing behavior includes consumer’s WTP for security food and consumer expectations to food safety. Taking China’s dairy industry as an example, it makes simulation by Netlog. The results show that consumer purchasing behavior alone has little effect on the dairy companies’ decision-making to be honest or counterfeiting enterprises. However, combination government supervision with purchasing behavior has great impact, and plays very good effects on food safety.
文摘Contrary to other markets where underwriters perform a combined role of underwriting and sponsoring in an Initial Public Offering(IPO),IPO issuers in Hong Kong must appoint at least one sponsor in addition to the underwriters.The spitting of the single role of underwriters into two separate ones offers an ideal setting to disentangle the effects of the two roles and to examine which of the two roles-sponsor or underwriter--is more important in explaining IPO underpricing and initial volatility in the Hong Kong equity market.Interestingly,our findings provide supportive evidence that the sponsor reputation does matter in an IPO and it is even more significant than the underwriter reputation in explaining the IPO underpricing phenomenon.Given the recent high-tech fervor,our research goes deeper to examine specifically the role of sponsors on high-tech firms,with results indicating that the reliance on sponsors is higher for traditional isuers than for technology firms.We further discover that sponsors and underwriters are playing substitution roles rather than complementary roles.In order to examine the regulatory policy impact,our research also compares the role of IPO sponsors before and after the launch of the new sponsor regulatory regime in 2013.The empirical findings lend support to our argument that after the launch of the new regulations,public awareness of sponsors is raised,respect towards more reputable sponsor increases,and thus,the role of sponsors becomes more impotant than before.
文摘Without cooperative behaviors, our society or organization falls into social dilemma situations where every member selects uncooperative （defective） behaviors, and the situation gets worse and worse. Such a situation in a society or an organization leads to violation of social or organizational rules, and at the worst case it suffers from serious accidents or scandals. Therefore, it is important for us to make efforts and take measures to elicit cooperative behaviors. It was demonstrated theoretically that altruism strategy and adaptive prediction and ascertainment strategy are in some cases better than rational strategy under the situation of social dilemma. We built up a mathematical model in order to examine how the probability of correctly predicting and ascertaining the behavior （cooperation or defection） of opponents and the mixture of （a） altruism （all cooperation） strategy, （b） individualism （all defection） strategy, and （c） adaptive prediction and ascertainment strategy affected the expected profit. Simulation results showed that the tit-for-tat strategy was better than the rational （individualism） strategy when the probability of correctly predicting and ascertaining defection of the opponent was considerably higher. As an application of the basic study above, it was explored, using a simulation method, how such a system as opening reputation or peer review in public could work satisfactorily to prevent defective behaviors in auction dealing. The result showed that the information on the handle name and the reputation effectively worked to prevent defective behaviors.
文摘Known for leadership in design, progressive manufacturing methods and expertise in global sourcing, Pulaski Furniture has steadily created its reputation and profile over the last 50 years.
文摘提出一种基于推荐证据的对等网络(Peer-to-Peer,P2P)信任模型RETM(Recommendation Evidence based Trust Model for P2P networks),解决了基于推荐的信任模型中普遍存在的在汇聚推荐信息时无法处理不确定性信息以及强行组合矛盾推荐信息引起的性能下降问题,同时,RETM采取推荐证据预处理措施,在合成之前有效过滤了无用的以及误导性的推荐信息,使得该模型具有一定的抗攻击性能.在推荐信息的查找问题上,RETM提出了基于反馈信息的概率查找算法,该算法在降低了网络带宽开销的情况下,提高了信息查询的准确率.实验证明RETM较已有的信任机制在系统成功交易率、模型的安全性等问题上有较大改进.
